Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
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Sintesa dan Karakterisasi Biokomposit Poly(L-Lactid Acid)/Cellulose Acetate dan Aplikasinya sebagai Adsorben Bead
No full textBiocomposite materials comprised of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and cellulose acetate (CA) were preparedthrough solvent blending technique. The obtained biocomposite films were characterized by using dynamicmechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The biocomposites were then applied asadsorbent bead for dye separation. The properties and adsorption performance of the biocomposite beadswere also observed in term of morphology, surface area and adsorption capacity. The composition ofPLLA/CA in weight ratio was varied: 100/0; 75/25; 50/50; 25/75; 0/100. The dye used in this research foradsorption analysis was methylene blue (MB). The MB adsorption was done in two pH conditions which areneutral and base (pH=10) conditions. The mechanical properties of biocomposites PLLA/CA films showedthe slightly decrease in tensile strength after the addition of CA until 50 wt% and then increased again forhigher CA content. However, the young modulus continuously increased with CA content. The elongation atbreak of biocomposite PLLA/CA films showed higher value of elongation at break compared to the pristinePLLA and CA. On the other hand, the thermal stability of biocomposites increased with the increasing of CAcontent compared to that of pristine PLLA. The increase in thermal stability was caused by the specificproperty of CA which is high thermal resistant. For its application, the beads could only be obtained fromthe biocomposite with higher CA composition, PLLA/CA (25/75) and (0/100). The morphology of PLLA/CAbeads showed spherical shape with porous structure on their surface. Adsorption performance measurementshowed that the adsorption capacity and % removal of the PLLA/CA (25/75) bead increase compared to thepure CA bead
Strategi Pengendalian Persediaan Gas Acetylene pada Industri Migas (Studi Kasus pada PetroChina International Jabung Ltd.)
No full textVarious materials and devices are needed to support production activities in the oil and gas industry. Therefore, optimal inventory strategy is required to satisfy the demand of the materials and devices with minimum inventory costs. This study deals with the evaluation of the inventory strategy of a private oil and gas company. As the object of the study, we considered acetylene inventory which is currently not managed properly. The strategy for acetylene inventory that has hitherto been implemented by the company is lot for lot ordering system in each period. In this study we applied Periodic Order Quantity, Wagner Whitin, and Silver Meal methods as alternative strategies for acetylene inventory control. The result of the study indicates that the Silver Meal method obtains optimal inventory schedule. It results in the lowest inventory costs compared to the other proposed methods and the current company’s strategy
Curcurmin Micronization from Temulawak (Curcuma Xanthorrhiza) Extract Using Supercritical Co2 as Anti-Solvent
No full textThe aim of this study is to compose curcumin microparticle from temulawak extract (curcuma xanthorrhiza) using SAS (Supercritical Anti-Solvent) method with supercritical CO2. Curcumin is made from temulawak extract that insoluble in water. One of method to increase solubility of curcumin in water is decrease particle size. SAS method is being chosen using supercritical CO2 as anti-solvent because temulawak is perfectly soluble in supercritical CO2. Micronization is performed inside precipitator equipped with filter at the bottom. Temperature is being operated in 35 and 40 oC, and in pressure 8 and 10 MPa. Flow rate ratio supercritical CO2 to solution is 15;0,25 and 15;0,30 mL/min. The results show significant effect of pressure and ratio flow rate Supercritical CO2 to solution on the morphology of micronized curcumin particles. The suitable conditions for curcumin micronization in this work were found to be at 8 MPa, 35 oC and flow rate ratio CO2 to solution is 15;0,25 mL/min.The Supercritical Anti-Solvent (SAS) method could be employed for the micronization curcumin particles. Moreover, the dissolution rate curcumin particles using SAS is higher than unprocessed curcumin particles
The Influence of Glyserol as Plasticizer in Physical Properties of Bioplastic from Bread Fruit Starch
No full textThe main aim of this study was to identify the influence of plastisizer and the potensial use of bread fruit starch, Artocarpus altilis, as the raw material for synthesis of bioplastic film. Chitosan was added to make bioplastic more elastic. Film was cast from heated bread fruit starch (5 g), chitosan solution (in 0,5 ml acetic acid solution in 50 ml aquadest) and glycerol (0,3 ml, 04 ml, 0,5 ml, 0,6 ml, 0,7 ml) at 740C and stired well at 160 rpm until gelatinisation formed. Physical properties of bioplastic was characterised. The result showed that tensile strenght of bioplastic was 1,667 kgf/mm2(0,3 ml glycerol) higher than the other variation of glycerol and the percent of elongation was 4,923%. The biodegradability test for 8 weeks showed bioplastic degraded naturall
PENGARUH EMULSIFIER TERHADAP STABILITAS EMULSI SALAD DRESSING BERBAHAN MINYAK JAGUNG
No full textCorn oil is a food that quite known, but it’s still not optimal. Salad Dressing is one of food product that makeby homoginezer process from oil and water. Emulsifier should be added to keep emultion system stability sothat it not easy for oil and water to be sparated. The experimental aim to find natural emulsfier effect (egg) tosalad dressing emultion satbility and find the product specification that has been made. This experimentconducted by mixing corn oil and lime juice water with a ratio of 250 ml : 25 ml with homoginezer’s duration1,2 and 3 minute, emulsifier’s volume 10,20 and 30 ml, and homoginezer’s velocity 9000, 12000 and 15000rpm. The variabels that has been looked are viscosity, density, also surface tension. The optimal result ofemulsifier volume is 28.2669 ml, homoginezer’s velocity is 9000,14 rpm and homoginezer’s duration 2.9987minute. The optimal equal to viscosities respond (Cp) = -1,20767 + 0,64850 x A + 4,38333E-4 x B +0,02250 x C, the equal respon for dencities respond (g/cm3) =+ 0.76749+7.08125E-3 x A-3.125E-6xB+6.875E-4 x C and the optimal equal to tension respond (N/m)=0.28453-5.0675E-3 xA-1.55E-6 x B+1E-4x C. The salad dressing product with specification pH 4-5, viscosity between 17.85 Nm-2s-1 - 66.76 Nm-2s-1,and surface tension between 0.0942 to 0.1954 N / m. Thus, salad dressing with basic material of Corn Oilhas a good quality
Reduksi Kandungan Logam Berat dalam Limbah Cair Industri Eektroplating dengan Menggunakan Proses Elektrokoagulasi
No full textThe content of heavy metals in the electroplating industry wastewater that is not controlled can damage the environment and has a negative impact on human health. Electroplating wastewater disposal should not throw into the environment because heavy metals are toxic and dangerous. In this research, we are using electrocoagulation method for reduce the content of heavy metals in the electroplating wastewater (Cr, Ni and Fe). Electroplating industrial wastewater is containing heavy metals from the coating structure of electrolyte solution and rinsing results of electroplating method that wastewater contain high heavy metals. Research by electrocoagulation method is applied to determine how much reduction in metal waste electroplating industry. Parameters changed in this research is the current flowing (2,5 ampere and 5 ampere) and the addition of NaOH. In this research, electrocoagulation process use 4,5 L of wastewater. Samples were taken and analyzed at the condition of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes. Results from this research is reduction content of heavy metals 89,55% Cr, 99,52% Fe and 98,93% Ni. Reduction that achieved based on regulatory environment ministry is Fe and Ni.
Penggunaan Mordan Akhir Terusi terhadap Hasil Celupan Kain Batikdengan Ekstrak Kayu Secang
No full textBatik cloth color durability is a prerequisite for improving the competitiveness of the product, as the number of consumer complaints on the subject. How many treatments that can be done to address and improve fastness, is to perform the process of perfecting the end of the fabric that has been dyed using the final mordant materials, namely “terusi” or cupric sulfate (CuSO4) .5H2O. The use of extracts of the wooden cup on a batik cloth, batik cloth produces the erosion resistance value is low, so it is rarely used in the singular in batik dyeing, but mixed with wood extract Cleaner or other materials, but the results did not show its true colors. The purpose of this activity is to improve the quality of batik cloth with increased power results dye color fastness. The materials used, namely cotton fabric primisima, silk fabric T56, wax batik, wood shavings cup, alum, and cupric sulfate, as for the procedure include, extract manufacture wooden cup (1:8), mordant early cotton cloth with alum, batik dyeing with extract solution wooden cup, then made the final refinement using variation cupric sulfate concentration, that is 15 g/l, 20 g/l, and 25 g/l, wax removing, and test color fastness. From the results of the test color fastness to washing, good value at terusi concentration of 25 g / l is 4-5, with a strong color intensity values (the most powerful), the wave had a value of 26 with a length of 0.6637
Pengaruh Komposisi Kulit Durian Dan Kulit Pisang Terhadap Nilai Kalor Sebagai Briket Bioarang
No full textThe wastes of durian and bananas peel are used as bio charcoal briquettes whis is the alternative of waste agriculture treatment. This technology can improve the economic value and be environmentally friendly. The aim of this study is to determine the particle size of mixture composition between bio charcoal briquettes, banana peel, and durian peel towards the calory of briquettes. The pyrolysis takes place on the temperature 3000C for 2.5 hours. Proximate analysis consist of water level test, the percentage of bio charcoal dust, and the calory of briquettes test. The result of this study can be concluded that the higher 5348.50 kkal/kg, was obtained by 80:10 of durian and banana peel ratio using 100 mesh of particle size. This results indicate that the higher composition of durian peel produces high the calory of briquettes and the lower particle size causes high the calory of briquettes
Sintesis Senyawa Bioaromat Melalui Proses Siklisasi Katalitik Gugus Asam Lemak α-eleostearat Dalam Minyak Kemiri Sunan
Get PDFKemiri sunan oil (Reutalis trisperma) is a non-edible vegetable oils which thrives in Indonesia, has α-eleostearic acid that can be processed into aromatic compound through isomerization-cyclizationdisproportionation.The purpose of this research was knowing kemiri sunan oil’s potency for synthesizingaromatic compound and the effects of the reaction’s condition and solvent : feed ratio to the yield of cycliccompound. This research was initiated by testing kemiri sunan oil quality by several tests: acid number,iodine number, and saponification number. Saponification was done using KOH at 60°C ; 3 hours. Then,Mg(NO3)2 was added as substituent for K in base soap and Cr(NO3)3 as a catalyst. Obtained Mg soap wasthen cleaned using aquadest before dried in the oven until its mass was constant at 60°C, then diluted inDiethanolamine. The reaction was held for 2 hours with the variations of temperature and ratio of solvent :feed (w/w). The product was then extracted using toluene in order to gain all of the aromatic compound.Then, the separation of the solvent from the product was done using simple distillation. Cyclic productpresence in the form of ortho-disubstituted benzene was tested qualitatively using FTIR, while thequantitative tests were conducted by Wijs test and aromatic product’s mass calculation
Pembuatan Briket dari Campuran Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) dan Tongkol Jagung (Zea mays) Sebagai Sumber Bahan Bakar Alternatif
No full textDiminishing fossil energy due to excessive use causing problem for people. This problem should beimmediately balanced with renewable alternative energy, one example is biomass. The purpose of this studywas to create an alternative fuel in the form of briquettes from a mixture of water hyacinth and corn cobs toknow the calorific value, ash content, volatil matters, ash bound, and the water content in the briquettes witha mixture of water hyacinth (Eichohornia crassipes) and corncobs (Zea mays). Briquettes was made bymixing water hyacinth and corn cobs that have finished in the pyrolysis process using temperature 400C,500oC and 600oC with a weight ratio of 3: 2 and 3: 1. Starch was used as an adhesive with percentage 8%and 10%. The results showed that the highest value of calorific briquettes at weight ratio of 3: 2, leveladhesive 8%, and the pyrolysis temperature of 600oC with 5818.6 cal / g. In this study, it can beconcluded, if pyrolysis temperature is increasing then the content of carbon bound is increasing. Therefore,the calorific value of briquettes will be increase