Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
Not a member yet
523 research outputs found
Sort by
Mengurangi Getah (Degumming) pada Minyak Biji Karet Menggunakan Zeolit Alam
Get PDFRubber plants are useful for rubber industry. Generally, rubber companies produce tires from rubber plants. However, rubber seeds of rubber plants can be utilized to produce a kind of oil which is useful especially for paint industry. The oil produced from the seed is known as semi drying oil. A problem related to the use of rubber seed oil is sap that may contained in the oil. In this paper, it will be discussed the study of degumming of rubber seed oil using activated natural zeolite. The variables to be studied includes amount of zeolite to reduce the sap in rubber seed oil. It is also studied the effect of the temperature and immersion time of zeolite during degumming of rubber seed oil. The natural zeolite used in this study were supplied from Klaten, Central Java. Whereas, the rubber oil was obtained by pressing of the rubber seed supplied from Banjar, West Java. The results of experiment show that the activated natural zeolite can remove sap from the rubber seed oil up to 76.75%. The results also show that the soaking temperature influences removing of sap from rubber seed oil
Pengaruh Suhu dan pH pada Presipitasi Elemen Berharga dari Larutan Leaching Low Grade Nikel Laterit Ore dengan menggunakan Pengendap Kalsium Karbonat
Get PDFNickel has an important role in non-corrosive materials formation as well as rechargeable battery.The increasing need of nickel has led the exploration of lateritic ore with low grade nickel concentration. The content of nickel in laterite ore ranges from 1.5-2.5% (weigth basis). Due to the characteristic of low grade laterite ore, hydrometallurgy is best to apply for the nickel processing technique. Nickel laterite ore that used in this study is a low grade type obtained from Pomalaa, Southeast Sulawesi. The nickel processing with hydrometallurgical technique begins with leaching of 150 grams of laterite nickel ore using 750 mL HCl 0.1 M which is followed by precipitation using CaCO3 15 % to determine the maximum percent recovery of nickel and the competition from other elements in the leachate. Based on the results that is analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), components taken from this leaching process are in the ionic form of Fe, Al, Si, and Ni and the maximum percent recovery of nickel is obtained at 70°C at pH 6 and pH 7 with a percent recovery of 56.35%
Studi Injeksi Surfaktan Sodium Lignosulfonat (SLS) pada Media Sandstone dan Limestone Dalam Rangka Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
Get PDFEnhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) has been considered as a promising technology to boost the national oil production through revitalization of existing wells in Indonesia. Chemical EOR with surfactant is known to reduce the Interfacial Tension (IFT)values of oil and water which can increase oil mobility in rocks. This study aimed to core flooding test on a laboratorium scale with low cost EOR surfactant from Sodium Lignosulfonate (SLS) over two types of porous media, namely sandstone and limestone. Here, SLS was produced from lignin which was extracted from black liquor waste of pulp mill plant. In this study we used light oil with an oil viscosity of 0.77 cp and Gravity API of 43.9o. In order to determine the effectiveness of surfactant performance prior to core flooding, several tests such as aqueos stability test, an IFT test, CMC (Critical Micelle Concentration) test, and a filtration test have been conducted. For core flooding test, surfactant concentration of 1% was injected continuously into each native core at temperature of 60oC. In addition, the sequence of core flooding was water flooding I, surfactant flooding and water flooding II. Here, we would like to evaluate the incremental oil yield after surfactant flooding and water flooding II. The result of core flooding showed that sandstone media provided incremental oil as much as 17.5% with 10.9 pore volume (PV). On the other hand, the core flooding with limestone only gave an additional oil yield as much as 4.7% with 11 PV injected. Hence, the result showed that SLS surfactant showed a promising result for sandstone media
Pemanfaatan Serat Pelepah Pisang sebagai Bahan Komposit
Get PDFResearch on the manufacture of composite particle board base on natural fiber: banana fiber by using Polyester matrix Polyethy terephthalate (PET) and Poly propylene ( PP) has been conducted. The purpose of research is to get the physical and mechanical value of standard on composite board base on SNI03-2105-2006. The research method is by taking the comparison of banana fiber reinforcing material in the form particle size with thickness from 0.6mm until 1.5mm. The result of physical properties for density ranged from 0.4 gr/cm3 – 0.45 gr/cm3 for using PP and 0.97 gr/cm3 – 0.98 gr/cm3 for using PET. As for the mechanical properties of the value of modulus rapture (MOR) ranged between 2.13 N/mm2 – 3.00 N/mm2 for using PP and 2.02 N/mm2 – 3.01 N/mm2 for using PET and elastic modulus value (MOE) ranged between 5.92 N/mm2 – 8.00 N/mm2 for using PP and 6.01 N/mm2 – 8.00 N/mm2 for using PET. Based on the analysis of trendline graphs, both for physical and mechanical properties, it turns out for each composition of natural fibers to give different values. This means that composition of by using PP and PET mixture has an influence in the physical properties as well as the mechanical properties of the composite board. The quality of natural fiber-based composite board by using (PP and PET) both physical and mechanical properties have been in accordance with the standard reference above
Papan Partisi dari Buangan Limbah Padat Industri Onggok Sebagai Sarana Peredam Suara
Get PDFOnggok/palm flour is industrial agro-solid waste in the form of dreg of palm obtained from processing Cassava into tapioca through crushing and screening process. So far, waste of utilization onggok in Indonesia has only reached the livestock and agricultural sectors (such as dreg of palm-fertilizer), as well as the handicraft industry. Testing of partition boards from onggok and molasses as its adhesives is tested for acoustic absorption coefficient on frequency using impedance tubes, variations in temperature of 150°C and 180°C, in 10 minutes and 15 minutes. The results obtained is the absorption value tend to rise at the frequency of 1000-2500 Hz
Pembuatan Bahan Pengemas Alami dari Serat Nanas dan Serat Pandan dengan Pati Sagu sebagai Perekat
Get PDFThe polymer such as styrofoam is a populer material for packaging. However, nowadays, the environmental issues of the polymer espescially styrofoam are very worrying.. Therefore it is need an alternative material for substitution the styrofoam. An idea to obtain another type for packaging is fabricating an alternative material using natural fibre as named natural packaging materials (BPA, bahan pengemas alami). In this paper, it will be discussed the fabricating of material for substitution styrofoam. The fiber used in this study comes from pineapple and pandanus leaves which are easily available. The leaves supplied from Subang, West Java and Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. In the experiment, firstly fibers were mixed with starch then printed in certain size. Furthermore, BPA was tested for its properties based on tensile and compressive strength. In this study the effect of mixing materials on tensile and compressive strength of BPA was examined. The results show that the tensile and compressive strength of BPA with pineaple fibre based are higher than BPA with pandanus fiber based. The tensile and compressive strength are higher than 24,7 N/mm2 and 1,59 N/mm2 respectively, higher than the requirement of National Standard (SNI) for styrofoam
Briket dari Ampas Batang Sorgum Manis (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) sebagai Sumber Bahan Bakar Alternatif
Get PDFEnergy is a necessity that can not be separated from humans. Similar to clothing and food, energy has a very important role for life. Currently, the fuel reserves are running low so that it needs alternative fuel that is able to meet human needs. The purpose of this study is to utilize the sweet sorghum stem dregs as an alternative fuel that is briquettes, as one of the solutions of the above problems. This process is carried out by pyrolysis of sweet sorghum stems and added sweet glue of sorghum seeds which still contains molded and pressed starch. With a low adhesive content and high compressive strength obtained the highest calorific value of 5773,5765 calories / gram with 2.5% adhesive content and 250 kg / cm2 compressive strength. Briquettes from sweet sorghum stems do not meet the standards of briquettes in Indonesia whose value 6914,11 calories / gram so it is advisable to make changes in the ratio of raw materials and adhesives to obtain briquettes that have a higher calorific value
Produksi Glukosa Cair Fungsional dengan Ekstrak Jahe dari Hidrolisis Pati Kulit Singkong
Get PDFThe utilization of cassava\u27s peel provides a great opportunity as starch resource and economically benefit. Cassava’s peel starch could be used as a substrate for liquid glucose production by hydrolysis reaction. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimum condition of cassava peel starch concentration (2.5%; 5% and 7.5% w/ v) to produce liquid glucose by hydrolysis in the presence of sulfonated carbon catalysts and to determine the concentration of liquid glucose ratio: red ginger extract (1: 1; 1: 2; 1: 3, and 1: 4 v/v) as the best formulation for antioxidant activity.The hydrolysis’ reaction was conducted at 100oC for 60 min then filtered. Total reducing sugar was detected by Dinitrosalisylic (DNS) method; the optimum concentration of glucose was achieved about 4.1389 mg/mL which contain 5% of Cassava’s peel starch. The good antioxidant activity of liquid glucose shown in ratio of liquid glucose and ginger is 1:4, approximately 39.34% of free radical of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) was consumed within 5 min and up to 48.63% was scavenged after 10 min. The functional liquid glucose can produce from Cassava’s peel and also eliminate free radicals
Production of Bioethanol from Solid Wastes of Tapioca Flour Industry Through Enzymation and Fermentation Process
Get PDFSolid wastes from the tapioca flour industry still contain a lot of starch which is only used as animal feed. Even though the starch content in the solid waste can be converted into bioethanol to increase the benefits of solid waste itself. The purpose of this study was to utilize the potential of solid waste from the tapioca flour industry to produce bioethanol through an enzymatic and fermentation process. The solid waste was firstly dried in an oven at 600C for 24 hours, then it was mashed. The fine size of solid waste was then conducted a liquefaction process with the addition of water to a volume of 2 litres, then was added CaCl2 40 ppm and α-amylase of 2-5% (w/v) and heated at 900C-1000C for 2 hours. The next step was that saccharification process was conducted, which was a solution added with HCl to pH 4, and glucoamylase of 2-5% (w/v) then was heated at a temperature of 600C for 4 hours. The result showed that the highest reducing sugar obtained was 100 g/l with the use of solid waste of 75 g/l
Sintesis Membran Kitosan dengan Crosslinker Kalium Persulfat untuk Pemisahan Zat Warna Rhodamin B
Get PDFChitosan membrane is a semipermeable porous medium that can separate particles of molecular size in a solution system by filtration and adsorption. Adsorption occurs because chitosan has an amino group (NH3+), so it can adsorb negative ions. Membrane performance can be improved by adding crosslinker potassium persulfate. The test material is Rhodamine B because it has chlorine ion (Cl-) so it can bind to NH3+ on the chitosan membrane. The membrane made by dissolving chitosan powder into 200 mL of 1% acetic acid, then added potassium persulfate with mass variations. Adsorption of Rhodamine B is carried out with a time variation. The relatively good mechanical properties of the membrane can be seen from the results of the Screw Test Stand with stress value 1.9726 MPa and strain value 2.78%. The performance was relatively good obtained on 0.25 grams of potassium persulfate in 4 grams of chitosan with 75 minutes of adsorption time and was able to reduce the concentration of Rhodamine B from 2.8864 ppm to 1.7477 ppm. The morphological properties shown with the pore size 0.20 µm-1.00 µm and it is classified as ultrafiltration membrane so it can hold Rhodamine B particles with diameter 10 µm