Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
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Simulasi Reservoir Heavy Oil dengan Multistaging Development Modifikasi Inverted 5-Spot Kombinasi Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) dan Steamflooding
Get PDFOil Field development with a heavy oil reservoir is needed by obtaining an advanced stage (Enhanched Oil Recovery / EOR). Steam Injection applied to the reservoir to increase heavy oil recovery. Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery (Thermal EOR) is one of the methods in obtaining advanced heavy oil recovery. Generally, thermal injection is carried out to reduce the viscosity which has an effect on the mobility ratio. There are various mechanisms in thermal injection and one of them is the method of injection of steam into a reservoir. The purpose of this research is to provide a comparison between the performance of steamflooding and the combination of CSS and steamflooding using multistaging pattern development. In this reservoir modeling a comparison of 2 scenarios will be made where the first scenario is steamflooding and the second scenario is a combination of steamflooding with Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS). This modeling using CMG STARS 2015 software because it is one of the CMG parts for thermal injection. This modeling is carried out to plan fully, so that there is no history matching process to production data. Both of these methods are compared with basecase inverted 5-spot steamflooding without development. It is intended to see a comparison of the conditions of development and without development with the same complex. The final result of this reservoir simulation is comparing the steamflooding scenario and the combined scenario with the effect of the CSS stimulation method. The best scenario is obtained from a scenario that has high RF results and low CSOR. The steamflooding scenario produces RF 71.86%, Np 265645 bbl, and CSOR 8.268. The CSS and Steamflooding scenario produces RF 72.38%, Np 267555 bbl and CSOR 8.029. This multistaging pattern scenario succeeded in raising RF with a 5-spot basecase scenario for 25 years that only produced RF 16.88%, Np 62391.3 bbl, and CSOR 10.194
Evaluasi Proses Pengambilan Beta Karoten sebagai Sumber Zat Warna Alami dari Ubi Jalar Kuning
Get PDFYellow sweet potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) or yam is an agricultural commodity as a source of carbohydrates which contained beta carotene. Beta carotene can be treated as an antioxidant to maintain an effective immune response. Beta carotene has been commonly used to provide a yellow to orange color for food. Replacement of synthetic dyes with a natural resource such as beta carotene is preferable. Beta carotene can be obtained from yellow sweet potatoes by alcoholic extraction. This research aims to evaluate the amount of solvent used and the speed of stirring in the extraction process. This research has been conducted by extraction using ethanol as a solvent. The stirring speed variation is carried out at 100-500 rpm, while the volume of the solvent in the extraction process is varied from 50 mL to 250 mL. The process temperature of 80° C, the processing time of 120 minutes, stirring speed of 500 rpm, a ratio of 50 grams of material, and a volume of 200 ml of solvent obtained the optimum amount of extracted beta carotene is 2980.785 μg / 50g
Kajian Kehilangan Tekanan dan Temperatur pada Fluida Dua Fasa Lapangan Panas Bumi Dieng
Get PDFThe Dieng Geothermal Field is one of the geothermal fields in Indonesia which is managed by P.T GEODIPA ENERGI, with a power generated by 60 Mwe. The researcher tried to calculate the pressure loss obtained from the Begg and Brill equations and the temperature loss from the law of energy conservation equations, by using two-dimensional mathematical manipulation from Newton Rapson, obtained a simultaneous decrease in pressure and temperature from a particular pipe segment. At Dieng Field, two-phase pipes use 18 – 24” diameters, all pipes are coated with 7.5 cm thick polyurethene insulation, pressure drops range from 1.78 to 8.2 barg and temperature drops between 0 – 1 ºC. The distance of the separator to the turbine varies from the farthest distance is 9677 m until the closest distance is 5341 m, with the smallest diameter of 0.6096 m and the largest diameter of 0.9144 m, the thickness of the steam pipe insulation is 7.5 cm with the type of carbonate. At turbine inlet, the pressure drop that occurs ranges from 2-2.20 barg and temperature drop between 9.87-10.87 ºC, steam mass of 88.86 kg with a turbine pressure of 9.8 barg and turbine inlet temperature of 177.126 ºC
Intensifikasi Proses dalam Sistem Reaksi dan Pemisahan Dinamik
Get PDFProcess Intensification (PI) presents a set of often substantially innovative and creative methods in process equipment design and operation method, which could bring considerable benefits in term of process performance. The process intensification in principle is a paradigm shift of thinking when compared to traditional processes. Transient reactors and separations are receiving increased attention due to its capability to influence the temperature and concentration profiles inside the fixed bed as well as main product recovery, leading to the possibility for improvement of conversion, selectivity, and recovery. The application of the transient fixed bed and membrane reactors is also gaining broad interest as an efficient method for energy saving, lower light-off temperature, and higher recovery. This technology may be considered as an alternative to various catalytic reactions in which heat storage and catalytic coverage can be manipulated for the process improvement. In this paper, possible operations and methods of fixed bed catalytic reactor and membrane operation are presented. Examples are given here for modulation of feed gas in catalytic converter and membrane, and application of reverse flow reactor. Overall, the process intensification opens a new way for improvement of process performance when proper design and operation can be developed
Studi Potensi Pemanfaatan OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) Menggunakan Siklus Terbuka untuk Mengatasi Krisis Listrik dan Air Bersih di Pulau Lembata, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Get PDFBased on data from the Center for Marine Geological Research and Development (PPPGL) in 2017, that the potential for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) in Indonesia is the largest in the world, spread over 17 locations at 41 GW. Nevertheless, there are still regions in Indonesia that lack electricity supply, one of which is Lembata Island in East Nusa Tenggara Province. According to research from the Head of the Kupang Lasiana Climatology Station, sea surface temperature in the northern waters of NTT has a temperature of around 27.5-29.5oC with sea temperatures at depths of 200-1000 meters at 4-5oC. Making it suitable for developing OTEC power plants with an open cycle. The calculation result of OTEC power generation potential is 2500 kW. Work produced by turbine is 96 Kj/Kg, turbine cycle efficiency is 3.09%, turbine power is 2838.95 Kw, evaporator capacity is 9172.98 Kg/s, condenser capacity is 93018.25 Kj/Kg, pump power vacuum of 291.01 kW. In addition to the electricity produced, the OTEC power plant can also produce fresh water. The fresh water is produced from an open cycle process so that it can be utilized by local residents
Pemanfaatan Pelepah Kelapa Sawit menjadi Bioetanol dengan Variabel Konsentrasi H2SO4 dan Waktu Fermentasi
Get PDFScarcity of fuel oil (BBM) makes a lot of research leading to the search for alternative fuels that come from renewable natural resources. One of the raw materials that has the potential to be converted into bioethanol is oil palm midreb. The research aims to determine the effect of H2SO4 concentration on the hydrolysis process to produce glucose and to determine the optimum time of bioethanol production. Then hydrolysis process with variaitions of H2SO4 that is 1.5M, 2M, and 2.5M for 3 hours at temperature 100°C and continued with the fermentation process to produce bioethanol with a fermentation time is 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, and 120 hours. The results showed that the hydrolysis process maximum sugar concentration of 161.98 gr / L is produced. The best concentration of H2SO4 in this research is 2 M and the best fermentation time is 96 hours with bioethanol levels obtained at 7% or 55.25 g / L
Perbaikan Sifat Pengikatan Semu pada Semen Portland Putih Menggunakan Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GBBFS)
Get PDFResearch to overcome the nature of false set in white Portland cement using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBBFS) was carried out by mixing white Portland cement, which experienced false sets, with GBBFS. The addition of GBBFS to the GBBFS-cement mixture is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%. Whiteness test and false set results show that the addition of GBBFS will reduce the whiteness of the mixture to 80% by 42% of GBBFS, while the addition of 6% of GBBFS will begin to overcome the problem of false set of white-GBBFS cement mixture, but other considerations due to white cement specifications must be considered to keep white cement meeting standard specifications
Pengaruh Suhu dan pH Elektrokoagulasi Terhadap Penurunan Kadar TSS dan COD pada Limbah Cair Laundry
Get PDFThe liquid waste of laundry is known to contain various contaminants. This study investigated the treatment of the liquid waste of laundry using electrocoagulation, with temperature and pH variation. The electrodes used were a pair of aluminum, to produce ion Al3+ reacting with ion OH– from the water, to form coagulant Al(OH)3. The temperature was varied at 30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC; while the pH was varied at 5 and 9. The quality of waste was measured from the level of total suspended solid (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Within the range of studied parameters, the optimum conditions were obtained at temperature of 30-50oC and pH of 5, with the efficiency of decrease of TSS level and COD level of 39.71% and 58.35%, respectively
Ekstraksi Ultrasonik Karotenoid pada Kulit Waluh Menggunakan Pelarut Virgin Coconut Oil
Get PDFWaluh or pumpkin or Cucurbita moschata is known as one of carotenoid sources. Cucurbita moschata is rich in vitamins which are useful for health, furthermore it is dissolved in water, fenolat, flavonoid polysaccharides, mineral salts, and vitamin that is all beneficial to health. The pumpkin peel which is a waste from processing pumpkin fruit, turns out have carotenoids and vitamin A. This research aims to extract carotenoid from pumpkin peel with ultrasound extraction method using virgin coconut oil (VCO) as solvent. Extraction was done using ultrasound cleaner machine at 40 kHz frequency, 100 Watt power and 300C temperature. Dried pumpkin peel powder (40 and 100 mesh) was extracted in different time (30, 60 and 90 minutes) and various in solid to solvent ratio. The filtrate as extraction product was analyzed by using Spectrophotometry UV-Vis at 490 nm wave length. The highest carotenoid concentration was 36.521 ppm that obtained at 60 minutes, 1:10 solid to solvent ratio and 40 mesh of solid size
Pengujian Karbon Teraktivasi Asam Sulfat (KA-AS) sebagai Katalis pada Reaksi Asetilasi Gliserol Menjadi Triasetin
Get PDFTri acetyl glycerol or triacetin is one of the glycerol derivative products which can be used in various industries. The reaction of triacetin formation is an esterification reaction with glycerol and acetic acid. The esterification reaction of glycerol is slow reaction, therefore catalyst is needed to speed up the reaction. In this study, the acetin synthesis was carried out through esterification reaction with glycerol and acetic acid using activated carbon catalyst. The temperature reaction was varied from 60 to 120oC and stirring speed was between 200 and 1000 rpm. The yield and conversion varied for different conditions, but in general, the conversion of acetin increased with time, temperature and stirring speed. The highest conversion was 79,18% and the selectivity is 21,31% monoacetin, 31,78% diacetin, and 46, 92%% triacetin which was obtained at a stirring speed of 1000 rpm at 120oC