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    Administrative and Legal Mechanism of Medical Tourism Management in Ukraine

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    Goal – to analyze public administration in the field of medical tourism in the context of power decentralization in Ukraine. Also a brief study of the legal aspects of the regulation of medical tourism in Ukraine is represented as one of the ways of state regulatory impact. Analyze state social norms and industry standards in the field of healthcare in Ukraine. Research methodology – the research methodology uses the system analysis method; the empirical basis is the normative legal acts regulating the managerial relations of the public administration subjects. Score/results – is a brief study of the legal aspects of the regulation of medical tourism in Ukraine is represented as one of the ways of state regulatory impact. The state social norms and industry standards in the field of health care in Ukraine are considered. The necessity of related legal support of the sectors under consideration has been substantiated in order to eliminate gaps in legislation and improve the quality of services provided, investment attractiveness and disclosure of the country’s regions’ potential. Originality/value – the work was done by the author independently without outside help; the article contains links to the legal [email protected] Management Department ORIPA NAPA under the President of UkraineAssociation Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine, [on­‑line] https://www.kmu.gov.ua/en/yevropejska­‑integraciya/ugoda‑pro-asociacyu [date of access: 2.03.2021].Baev V. V., 2015, Kharakterystyka strukturnykh elementiv rynku medychnoho turyzmu || Баєв В. В., 2015, Характеристика структурних елементів ринку медичного туризму, [on­‑line] http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=3891 [date of access: 29.03.2021].Bezverkhnyuk T. M., Sahanenko S. E., Topalova E. N., 2008, Evropejski standarty vryaduvannya na rehionalnomu rivni, ORIDU NADU, Odesa || Безверхнюк Т. М., Саханенко С. Є., Топалова Е. Х., 2008, Європейські стандарти врядування на регіональному рівні, ОРІДУ НАДУ, Одеса.Bil M., Tretyak G., Krajnyk O., 2009, Mekhanizm derzhavnoho upravlinnya turystychnoyu haluzzyu (rehionalnyj aspekt), Kyiv || Біль М., Третяк Г., Крайник О., 2009, Механізм державного управління туристичною галуззю (регіональний аспект), Київ.Centr medychnoho ta reproduktyvnoho prava || Центр медичного та репродуктивного права, [on­‑line] http://www.medlawcenter.com.ua/ua/99/648.html [date of access: 15.02.2021].Civilnyj kodeks Ukrainy || Цивільний кодекс України, [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435‑15#Text [date of access: 2.03.2021].Directive On Patients’ Rights in Cross­‑Border Healthcare, [on­‑line] https://www.eu-patient.eu/globalassets/policy/cross‑borderhealthcare/epf_position_statement_cbhc_220416.pdf [date of access: 7.06.2021].European Convention on Human Rights, [on­‑line] https://www.echr.coe.int/docu ments/convention_eng.pdf [date of access: 7.06.2021].Europe­‑2030 strategy, [on­‑line] https://www.csreurope.org/2030‑strategy [date of access: 7.06.2021].European Social Charter, [on­‑line] https://www.coe.int/en/web/european‑social-charter [date of access: 7.06.2021].International code of medical ethics, [on­‑line] https://www.wma.net/policies­‑post/wma­‑international-code­‑of-medical‑ethics [date of access: 7.06.2021].Izha M. M., Babov K. D., Bezverkhnyuk T. M., 2016, Rehionalnyj turystychnyj product: proektnyj pidkhid do zabezpechennya konkurentospromozhnosti, Odesa || Іжа М. М., Бабов К. Д., Безверхнюк Т. М., 2016, Регіональний туристичний продукт: проектний підхід до забезпечення конкурентоспроможності, Одеса.Herasymenko V. H., Myhajlyuk O. L., 2019, Derzhavne rehulyuvannya sfery turyzmu Ukrainy v konteksti procesiv evrointehracii, Kyiv || Герасименко В. Г., Михайлюк О. Л., 2019, Державне регулювання сфери туризму України в контексті процесів євроінтеграції, Київ, [on­‑line] https://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/8978 [date of access: 7.06.2021].Konstituciya Ukrainy || Конституція України, [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254к/96‑вр#Text [date of access: 2.03.2021].Lisbon Declaration on the Rights of the Patient, [on­‑line] https://www.wma.net/policies­‑post/wma­‑declaration-of­‑lisbon-on­‑the-rights­‑of-the‑patient [date of access: 7.06.2021].Postanova KMU vid 27.12.2017 No. 1079 ‘‘Pro zabezpechennya organizacii napravlennya gromadyan Ukrainy na likuvannya za kordon” || Постанова КМУ від 27.12.2017 р № 1079 «Про забезпечення організації направлення громадян України на лікування за кордон», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1079‑2017-п#Text [date of access: 26.03.2021].Rozporyadzennya KMU vid 30.11.2016 No. 1013-r ‘‘Pro shvalennya Koncepcii reform finansyvannya systemy ohorony zdorovya” || Розпорядження КМУ від 30.11.2016 № 1013-р «Про схвалення Концепції реформи фінансування системи охорони здоров’я», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1013‑2016-p#Text [date of access: 26.03.2021].Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy No. 722/2019 “Pro cili staloho rozvytku Ukrainy na period do 2030 roku” || Указ Президента України № 722/2019 «Про цілі сталого розвитку України на період до 2030 року», [on­‑line] https: // www.president.gov.ua/documents/7222019‑29825 [date of access: 28.03.2021].Universal Declaration of Human Rights, [on­‑line] https://www.un.org/en/about­‑us/universal­‑declaration-of‑human-rights [date of access: 7.06.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 12.05.1991 No. 1023­­‑XII “Pro zakhyst prav spozhyvachiv” ||Закон України від 12.05.1991 № 1023­­‑XII «Про захист прав споживачів», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1023‑12#Text [date of access: 7.06.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 19.11.1992 No. 2801­­‑XII “Osnovy zakonodavstva Ukrainy pro okhoronu zdorovya” || Закон України від 19.11.1992 № 2801­­‑XII «Основи законодавства України про охорону здоров’я», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2801‑12#Text [date of access: 7.06.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 02.10.1996 No. 393/96­‑VR “Pro zvernennya hromadyan” || Закон України від 02.10.1996 № 393/96­‑ВР «Про звернення громадян», [online] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/393/96‑вр#Text [date of access: 7.06.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 06.04.2000 No. 1645­­‑III “Pro zakhyst naselennya vid infekcijnykh khvorob” || Закон України від 06.04.2000 № 1645­­‑III «Про захист населення від інфекційних хвороб», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1645‑14#Text [date of access: 7.06.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 02.03.2015 № 222­­‑VIII “Pro licenzuvannya vydiv gospodarskoj diyalnosti” || Закон України від 02.03.2015 No. 222­‑VIII «Про ліцензування видів господарської діяльності», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/222‑19#Text [date of access: 2.03.2021].Zakon Ukrainy vid 07.02.2019 No. 2680­­‑VIII “Pro vnesennya zmin do Konstytucii Ukrainy (shchodo stratehichnoho kursu derzhavy na nabuttya povnopravnoho chlenstva Ukrainy v Evropeyskomu Soyuzi ta v Orhanizacii Pivnichnoatlantychnoho dohovoru)” || Закон України від 07.02.2019 № 2680­­‑VIII «Про внесення змін до Конституції України (щодо стратегічного курсу держави на набуття повноправного членства України в Європейському Союзі та в Організації Північноатлантичного договору)», [on­‑line] https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2680-19 [date of access: 2.03.2021]515917

    Vertical and horizontal changes in the abundance and activity of bacteria in Lake Hańcza, NE Poland

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    A bacteriological study was conducted in late summer (early September 2018) in the deepest postglacial reservoir in the central lowland depression - Lake Hańcza (northeastern Poland). The aim of the study was to determine the spatial variation in the density of planktonic bacteria, the level of their hydrolytic activity and the ratio of live to dead bacterial cells. During the fieldwork 92 water samples were collected from thirteen stratified sites located in different parts of the lake. The bacterial number ranged from 0.57 to 3.97 (10⁶ cells m⁻¹). No horizontal or vertical changes in bacterial number were observed in a uniform pattern. The highest bacterial abundance was recorded at two coastal sampling points, both located in the southern part of the lake at the direct catchment area with commercial development ("agroturism" guesthouses) . There was little difference in bacterial number across the horizontal gradient (F = 1.865; P = 0.170). Many water quality parameters appeared to be significant factors correlating with bacterial abundance in Lake Hancza. There were no statistically Significant differences in hydrolitical bacterial activity and live/ dead ratios between investigated sites and across horizontal gradient. Our results indicate that bacterial activity in deep lakes is affected by many water quality parameters, such as temperature (r=0.667), Ca²⁺ (r=-0.4510), Mg²⁺(r=0.511), N0₃- (r=-0.587) and oxygen saturation (r=0.582). Taking into account previous hydrobiological studies, Lake Hancza was found to be very patchy in terms of bacterioplankton abundance.W. Pol: [email protected]. Pol - Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, PolandA. Więcko - Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, PolandE. Jekatierynczuk-Rudczyk - Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, PolandP. Zieliński - Department of Water Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1J, 15-245 Białystok, PolandAdam G., Duncan H. (2001 ) Development of a sensitive and rapid method for the measurement of total microbial activity using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) in a range of soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 33(7-8), 943-951.APHA (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (19th ed.). Washington, D.e.: American Public Health Association.Bajkiewicz-Grabowska E. (2004) The role of lakes in natural ground water drainage. Miscellanea Geographica, 11(1), 175-184.Bergström AK, Jansson M. (2000) Bacterioplankton production in humic Lake Örträsket in relation to input of bacterial cells and input of allochthonous organic carbon. Microbial Ecology, 39(2), 101-115.Borowiak M., Borowiak D., Nowiński K. (2020) Spatial Differentiation and Multiannual Dynamics of Water Conductivity in Lakes of the Suwalki Landscape Park. Water, 12(5), 1277.Brylińska M., Boguszewski A, Chybowski L. (2002) Reproductive biology of burbot, Lota Iota Iota, in Lake Hancza, Poland. Folia Zoologica (Czech Republic).Burkowska-But A, Sionkowski G., Walczak M. (2014) Influence of stabilizers on the antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles introduced into natural water. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 26(3), 542-549.Chin Y.P., Aiken G., O'Loughlin E. (1994) Molecular weight, polydispersity, and spectroscopic properties of aquatic humic substances. Environmental Science & Technology 28, 1853-1858.Chróst RJ., Adamczewski T., Kalinowska K., Skowrońska A. (2009) Inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen modify composition and diversity of microbial communities in water of mesotrophic lake. Polish Journal of Microbiology, 58(1), 77-90.Chróst R.J., Siuda W. (2006) Microbial production, utilization, and enzymatic degradation of organic matter in the upper trophogenic layer in the pelagial zone of lakes along a eutrophication gradient. Limnology and Oceanography, 51 (1part2), 749-762.Dziekońska-Rynko J., Mierzejewska K., Kubiak K., Rydzewska M., Hliwa P. (2018) Helminths of European smelt Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Lake Hańcza and the Vistula Lagoon, with special regard to their zoonotic threats. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, 66(1), 96-106.Ejsmont-Karabin J., Kalinowska K., Karpowicz M. (2020) Structure of ciliate, rotifer, and crustacean communities in lake systems of Northeastern Poland. In Polish River Basins and Lakes-Part II (pp. 77-101). Springer, Cham.Federation W.E., APH Association (2005) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association (APHA): Washington, DC, USA.Gotkowska-Płachta A, Niewolak S., Korzeniewska E. (2003) Vertical distribution and seasonal changes in the number of bacterioplankton in the water of Lake Hancza, particularly in the period of reservoir summer stratification. Wyd. 2. EJPAU Ser. Environ. Dev, 6.Gotkowska-Płachta A, Korzeniewska E., Niewolak S. (2005) Pollution degree and sanitary state indicator bacteria as the indicators of the purity of Lake Hańcza waters. Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska, 31(2), 53-68.Gotkowska-Płachta A (2008) Psychrophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria in the water of Lake Hancza. Polish Journal of Natural Science, 23(2), 428-439.Górniak D., świątecki A. (2007) Temporal and spatial diversity o f virioplankton in the water of the Great Mazurian Lake complex. Limnological Papers, 2, 111-120.G6rniak A., Zieliński P. (2006) Jeziora Wigierskiego Parku Narodowego. Aktualna jakość i trofia wód. Wyd. UwB, Białystok, 54-70.Hillbricht-Ilkowska A (1993) The dynamics and retention of phosphorus in lentic and lotic patches of two river-lake systems. Hydrobiologia, 251(1), 257-268.Hillbricht-Ilkowska A., Kostrzewska-Szlakowska I. (1996). Ocena ladunku fosforu i stanu zagrozenia jezior rzeki Krutyni [Pojezierze Mazurskie] oraz zaleznosc pomiedzy ladunkiem a stezeniem fosforu w jeziorach. Zeszyty Naukowe. Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Naukowy przy Prezydium PAN Czlowiek i Środowisko, 13, 97-123.Hillbricht-Ilkowska A., Wiśniewski R.J. (1993) Trophic differentiation of lakes of the Suwalki Landscape Park(north-eastern Poland) and its buffer zone-present state, changes over years, position in trophic classification of lakes. Ekologia polska, 41(1), 195-219.Jekatierynczuk-Rudczyk E., Zieliński P., Grabowska M., Ejsmont-Karabin J., Karpowicz M., Więcko A. (2014) The trophic status of Suwalki Landscape Park lakes based on selected parameters (NE Poland). Environmental monitoring and assessment, 1 86(8), 5101-5121.Karpowicz M., Górniak A., Więcko A., Cudowski A. (2016) The variability of summer phytoplankton in different types of lakes in North East Poland (Suwałki Landscape Park). Limnological Review, 16(4), 229-236.Karpowicz M., Ejsmont-Karabin J. (2017) Effect of metalimnetic gradient on phytoplankton and zooplankton (Rotifera, Crustacea) communities in different trophic conditions. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 189(8), 1-13.Karpowicz M., Kalinowska K. (2018) Vertical distribution of the relic species Eurytemora lacustris (Copepoda, Calanoida) in stratified mesotrophic lakes. Biologia, 73(12), 1197-1204.Kołodziejczyk A. (1999) Molluscs on Characeae in an oligotrophic Hancza Lake (NE Poland). Folia Malacologica, 7(1).Kotusz J., Krappe M., Kusznierz J., Propiołek M., Riel P., Waterstraat A., Witkowski A. (2004) Distribution, density and habitat of Cottus poecilopus (Heckel, 1836) in Lake Hancza (North East Poland) as compared with the situation in the Luzin lakes (North East Germany). Verh Ges Ichthyol Bd, 4, 91-105.Lindström E.S., Bergstrom A.K. (2004) Influence of inlet bacteria on bacterioplankton assemblage composition in lakes of different hydraulic retention time. Limnology and Oceanography, 49(1), 125-136.Łopata M., Popielarczyk D., Templin T., Dunalska J., Wiśniewski G., Bigaj I., Szymański D. (2014) Spatial variability of nutrients (N, P) in a deep, temperate lake with a low trophic level supported by global navigation satellite systems, geographic information system and geostatistics. Water science and technology, 69(9), 1834-1845.Mieczan T. (2008) Diversity and vertical distribution of planktonic ciliates in a stratified mesotrophic lake: relationship to environmental conditions. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 37(1), 83-95.Mitręga J., Paczyński B., Płochniewski Z. (1993) Wody podziemne Suwalszczyzny. Przegląd Geologiczny, 41(8), 569.Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Hutorowicz A. (2013) A comparison of epilimnetic versus metalimnetic phytoplankton assemblages in two mesotrophic lakes. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 42(1), 89-98.Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Pasztaleniec A., Hutorowicz A. (2012) Phytoplankton metrics response to the increasing phosphorus and nitrogen gradient in shallow lakes. Journal of Elementology, 17(2).Niewolak S., Gotkowska-Plachta A. (1999) Ocena stopnia zanieczyszczenia i stanu sanitarno-bakteriologicznego jeziora Hańcza. Inzynieria i Ochrona Środowiska, 2(3/4), 265-278.Pochocka-Szwarc K., Ber A., Szpygiel J., Szpygiel P. (2013) Jezioro Hańcza - wstępne wyniki geologicznej interpretacji obrazów sonarowych. Przegląd Geologiczny, 61(3), 187-194+.Popielarczyk D., Templin T. (2014) Application of integrated GNSS/hydroacoustic measurements and GIS geodatabase models for bottom analysis of Lake Hancza: the deepest inland reservoir in Poland. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 171(6), 997-1011.Pyka J.P., Zdanowski B., Stawecki K., Prusik S. (2007) Trends in environmental changes in the selected lakes of the Mazury and Suwalki Lakelands. Limnol. Rev, 7(2), 101-109.Regional Inspectorate of Environmental Protection (RIEP) in Bialystok announcement No. 2/2017/SUW of June 2017 on research report and preliminary assessment of the status of Lake Hancza in 2016.Weckwerth P., Wysota W., Piotrowski J.A., Adamczyk A., Krawiec A., Dqbrowski M. (2019) Late Weichselian glacier outburst floods in North-Eastern Poland: Landform evidence and palaeohydraulic Significance. Earth-Science Reviews, 194, 216-233.Zdanowski B. (2003) Precipitation of phosphorus in the zone of river and lake water mixing: R. Hancza and Lake Wigry (North-East Poland). Polish Journal of Ecology, 51(2), 143-154.Zieliński P., Jekatierynczuk-Rudczyk E., Puczko K. (2020) Factors affecting the abundance and activity of the bacterioplankton in lowland forest springs in north-eastern Poland. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, 20(4), 675-686.Zieliński P., Kłoczewska A., Górniak A. (2006) Summer bacterioplankton abundance and biomass in lakes of Suwalki Landscape Park. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15, 543-547.10412

    Automatization of Ternary Boolean Algebras

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    The main aim of this article is to introduce formally ternary Boolean algebras (TBAs) in terms of an abstract ternary operation, and to show their connection with the ordinary notion of a Boolean algebra, already present in the Mizar Mathematical Library [2]. Essentially, the core of this Mizar [1] formalization is based on the paper of A.A. Grau “Ternary Boolean Algebras” [7]. The main result is the single axiom for this class of lattices [12]. This is the continuation of the articles devoted to various equivalent axiomatizations of Boolean algebras: following Huntington [8] in terms of the binary sum and the complementation useful in the formalization of the Robbins problem [5], in terms of Sheffer stroke [9]. The classical definition ([6], [3]) can be found in [15] and its formalization is described in [4]. Similarly as in the case of recent formalizations of WA-lattices [14] and quasilattices [10], some of the results were proven in the Mizar system with the help of Prover9 [13], [11] proof assistant, so proofs are quite lengthy. They can be subject for subsequent revisions to make them more compact.Wojciech Kuśmierowski - Institute of Computer Science, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1M, 15-245 Białystok, PolandAdam Grabowski - Institute of Computer Science, University of Białystok, Ciołkowskiego 1M, 15-245 Białystok, PolandGrzegorz Bancerek, Czesław Byliński, Adam Grabowski, Artur Korniłowicz, Roman Matuszewski, Adam Naumowicz, Karol Pąk, and Josef Urban. Mizar: State-of-the-art and beyond. In Manfred Kerber, Jacques Carette, Cezary Kaliszyk, Florian Rabe, and Volker Sorge, editors, Intelligent Computer Mathematics, volume 9150 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 261–279. Springer International Publishing, 2015. ISBN 978-3-319-20614-1. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20615-817.Grzegorz Bancerek, Czesław Byliński, Adam Grabowski, Artur Korniłowicz, Roman Matuszewski, Adam Naumowicz, and Karol Pąk. The role of the Mizar Mathematical Library for interactive proof development in Mizar. Journal of Automated Reasoning, 61(1):9–32, 2018. doi:10.1007/s10817-017-9440-6.B.A. Davey and H.A. Priestley. Introduction to Lattices and Order. Cambridge University Press, 2002.Adam Grabowski. Mechanizing complemented lattices within Mizar system. Journal of Automated Reasoning, 55:211–221, 2015. doi:10.1007/s10817-015-9333-5.Adam Grabowski. Robbins algebras vs. Boolean algebras. Formalized Mathematics, 9(4): 681–690, 2001.George Gratzer. General Lattice Theory. Academic Press, New York, 1978.Albert A. Grau. Ternary Boolean algebra. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 53(6):567–572, 1947. doi:bams/1183510797.E. V. Huntington. New sets of independent postulates for the algebra of logic, with special reference to Whitehead and Russell’s Principia Mathematica. Trans. AMS, 35:274–304, 1933.Violetta Kozarkiewicz and Adam Grabowski. Axiomatization of Boolean algebras based on Sheffer stroke. Formalized Mathematics, 12(3):355–361, 2004.Dominik Kulesza and Adam Grabowski. Formalization of quasilattices. Formalized Mathematics, 28(2):217–225, 2020. doi:10.2478/forma-2020-0019.William McCune and Ranganathan Padmanabhan. Automated Deduction in Equational Logic and Cubic Curves. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1996.Ranganathan Padmanabhan and William McCune. Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 29(2):13–16, 1995.Ranganathan Padmanabhan and Sergiu Rudeanu. Axioms for Lattices and Boolean Algebras. World Scientific Publishers, 2008.Damian Sawicki and Adam Grabowski. On weakly associative lattices and near lattices. Formalized Mathematics, 29(2):77–85, 2021. doi:10.2478/forma-2021-0008.Stanisław Żukowski. Introduction to lattice theory. Formalized Mathematics, 1(1):215–222, 1990.29415315

    Copenhagen – other than Odessa? Impressions from the journey of Izabela Moszczeńska Ad 1900

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    The study presents the image of Copenhagen constructed in Izabela Moszczeńska’s „travel impressions” from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which were published in a magazine „Bluszcz” in 1900. The author presents the city as bright, accommodating a peaceful existence. Apart from a subjective perspective on the city, Moszczeńska shares historical, topographical, and cultural information about the city and its country. She also refers to interesting stories about people and technology of that time. In this study, Izabela Moszczeńska’s description is contrasted with the image of Odessa, constructed in various Polish writings (Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Edward Raczyński, Karol Kaczkowski).Paweł Wojciechowski – literaturoznawca, komparatysta, doktor nauk humanistycznych w zakresie literaturoznawstwa (Wydział Polonistyki, Instytut Literatury Polskiej Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego), adiunkt (Kolegium Literaturoznawstwa, Katedra Badań Filologicznych „Wschód – Zachód”, Pracownia Komparatystyki Kulturowej, Uniwersytet w Białymstoku). Autor książek naukowych, wielu artykułów, studiów, szkiców i recenzji. W dorobku naukowym posiada: liczne konferencje krajowe oraz międzynarodowe z referatem, publikacje w wydawnictwach uniwersyteckich, naukowych (na przykład: TAiWPN „Universitas”, „DiG”, „Przegląd Humanistyczny”, „Wiek XIX”); wykłady międzynarodowe (Szwecja, Hiszpania). Żywioł scjentyficzny: literatura, filozofia, sztuka, kultura europejska XIX, XX i XXI wieku ze szczególnym uwyraźnieniem XIXi XX-wiecznej Skandynawii; komparatystyka, interdyscyplinarność w naukach humanistycznych, cyberkultura.Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Pracownia Komparatystyki KulturowejMoszczeńska I., Kopenhaga. Wrażenia z podróży, „Bluszcz. Pismo tygodniowe ilustrowane dla kobiet”, numery: 16–22, kwiecień / maj 1900.Odessa w literaturach słowiańskich. Studia, red. J. Ławski, N. Maliutina, wydanie I, Białystok – Odessa 2016.Richardson T., Kaleidoscopic Odessa. History and Place in Contemporary Ukraine, Toronto – Bufallo – London 2008.Raczyński E., Dziennik podróży do Turcji, odbytej w roku 1814, Wrocław 1821.Niemcewicz U. J., Podróże historyczne po ziemiach polskich między rokiem 1811 a 1828 odbyte, Paryż 1858.Kaczkowski K., Dziennik podróży do Krymu odbytej w roku 1825, Warszawa 1829.Kraszewski J. I., Wspomnienia Odessy, Jedysanu i Budżaku. Dziennik przejażdżki w roku 1843 od 22 czerwca do 11 września, oprac. P. Hertz, Warszawa 1985.Janicka A., „1055 wiorst od Warszawy”. Odessa pozytywistów: „Przegląd Tygodniowy” 1866 – 1876, [w:] Odessa w literaturach słowiańskich. Studia, red. J. Ławski, N. Maliutina, wydanie I, Białystok – Odessa 2016, s. 657–667.Skucha M., Odessa – obsesje Kraszewskiego, [w:] Odessa w literaturach słowiańskich. Studia, Białystok – Odessa 2016, s. 637–654.Wojda D., „Fizjologia miasta”. Józefa Ignacego Kraszewskiego studium wielokulturowej Odessy, [w:] Odessa w literaturach słowiańskich. Studia, Białystok – Odessa 2016, s. 625–634.Puzio K., Odessa w polskich dziewiętnastowiecznych relacjach z podróży odbytych między rokiem 1814 a 1843, [w:] Odessa w literaturach słowiańskich. Studia, Białystok – Odessa 2016, s. 591–611.33134

    The Ongoing Bulgarian Debut of Adam Mickiewicz’s Play Dziady 1937–1938

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    The present article dwells on two instances of Bulgarian theatrical adaptation of Dziady (Forefathers’ Eve) in 1937/1938 and two later contemporary performances in 2009 and 2014. They demonstrate the ongoing Bulgarian interest in both the translatability of the text and its scenic life as a work that has a persisting vitality in the context of Bulgarian reception. The first and only comprehensive translation of Dziady was done by Slava Shtiplieva, whose translated version became subject to further modifications and assessments by the philologist Lyubomir Andreychin and the poet Nikolay Liliev when intended for stage dramatization. The present paper focuses on the connections between this translation and the visiting theatrical performance set on the stage of the Bulgarian National Theatre by Leon Schiller and Andrzej Pronaszko with Bulgarian actors in 1937. The performance represents a significant achievement in the Bulgarian reception triggering far-reaching media responses and drawing together a majority of prominent Bulgarian authors and intellectuals. The event sparked heated debates. Slava Shtiplieva’s translation itself, published in 1938 as a separate book, has been subject to numerous critical assessments. The second point of concern is Blaga Dimitrova’s, a writer and translator, translation of Konrad’s famous monologue known as “Wielka Improwizacja” (The Great Improvisation), which is considered more accomplished in terms of poetic achievement, and which provides the basis for two subsequent theatrical interpretations directed by Nikolay Georgiev, the founder of Alma Mater Sofia University Theatre and a disciple of Kazimierz Dejmek and Jerzy Grotowski. In 1968, when Dejmek’s adaptation of Dziady was officially prohibited in Poland, Georgiev was likewise compelled to suspend his lecturing and had to leave for the province. In 2009 and 2014 he set two theatrical performances based on Dziady. A featured interview with the stage director offers further insight into the Bulgarian reception of the play and its form of a continuous reassessment.Margreta Grigorova – prof. dr hab.; wicedziekan i pracownik Katedry Studiów Słowiańskich Uniwersytetu im. Świętych Cyryla i Metodego w Wielkim Tyrnowie (Bułgaria); zainteresowania badawcze: twórczość Bolesława Prusa, Josepha Conrada, Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego, Ryszarda Kapuścińskiego, Olgi Tokarczuk, Czesława Miłosza w kontekście literatur słowiańskich i środkowoeuropejskich; tłumacz literatury polskiej; razem z Mirą Kostovą przetłumaczyła na bułgarski Rodzinną Europę Czesława Miłosza; autorka między innymi publikacji Džonzef Konrad Kožen’ovski: tvorec’t kato moreplavatel: literatura i preselenie, Wielkie Tyrnowo 2011.Uniwersytet Wielkotyrnowski im. Świętych Cyryla i MetodegoБиолчев Б., Адам Мицкевич. Преводна рецепция на европейските литератури в България, red. И. Павлов, Т. 4, Б. Биолчев и др., София: Акад. Изд. Проф. Марин Дринов, 2002.Българска христоматия или Сборник от избрани образци на всичките родове съчинения, ч. 2. Поезия, Пловдив–Свищов–Солун: Д. Манчов, 470, VII.Васев С., Голготата на славянството (Golgota Słowiaństwa), „Заря” 1937, nr 4675.Васев С., „Задушница” в Народния театър. Забележителен успех на режисьор, художник и артисти („Dziady” w Teatrze Narodowym. Wyjątkowy sukses reżysera, malarza i aktorów), София, IX, 1937, nr 517.Василев B., „Задушница” в режисурата на Л. Шилер, „Златорог” 1937.Галонзка В., Владимир Полянов в спомените на полския българист Войчех Галонска, „Литературен вестник” 2018, nr 22.Гълъбова C., Гърчев И., Летопис на Народния театър „Иван Вазов” 1904–1970, София: Наука и изкуство, 1971.Коралов Е., „Задушница” и постановката на Леон Шилер, „Слово” 1937, nr 4447.Мицкевич A., Кримски сонети, ред. С. Бакърджиев, София: Захарий Стоянов, 2008.Мицкиевич A., Избрани произедения, pед. П. Динеков, София: Народна култура, 1955.Попилиев Р., „Задушница” от А. Мицкевич на сцената на Народния театър, София 1937 г., „Południowosłowiańskie Zeszyty Naukowe. Język – Literatura – Kultura” 2009, nr 6.Попилиев Р., Народният театър 1918–1944, 100 години Народен театър, ред. В. Стефанов и др., София: Дамян Янков, 2004.Щиплиева С., Пояснителни бележки, Адамъ Мицкевичъ, „Задушница”, прев. С. Щиплиева, София: Гутенберг, 1938.Timoszewicz J., „Dziady” w inscenizacji Leona Schillera. Partytura i jej wykonanie, Warszawa: PIW, 1970.28530

    Rozwój zawodowy nauczycieli języka angielskiego: badanie sondażowe potrzeb i oczekiwań

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    Professional development should be an inseparable part of a teacher’s professional career. Although it is the teacher’s sole responsibility, the action he/she undertakes greatly influences learners’ success. The goal of the paper is to investigate in-service English language teachers’ professional development practices, as well as delve into their needs and expectations in this area. The data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. The results show that teachers are aware of the lifelong nature of professional development and undertake various activities to improve the quality of teaching, such as workshops or reading didactic literature. However, their attitudes, practices and needs differ and are contingent on their education level, experience and workplace.Rozwój zawodowy powinien być nieodłączną częścią pracy nauczyciela. Mimo, że nauczyciel jest w nim jedyną jednostką podejmującą się zadań doskonalących jego umiejętności, jego decyzje mają bezpośredni wpływ na postępy uczniów. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przyjrzenie się rozwojowi zawodowemu nauczycieli języka Angielskiego oraz zbadanie ich potrzeb i oczekiwań w tym zakresie. Dane zostały zgromadzone za pomocą częściowo ustrukturalizowanego kwestionariusza. Badania wykazały, że nauczyciele są świadomi, że rozwój zawodowy jest procesem trwającym przez cały okres kariery zawodowej. Nauczyciele podejmują się różnych form rozwoju wpływających na poprawę nauczania, takich jak warsztaty lub czytanie literatury dydaktycznej, jednak ich opinie, praktyka i potrzeby różnią się i są uwarunkowane ich poziomem wykształcenia, doświadczeniem zawodowym oraz miejscem [email protected] H.M., Teachers’ voice: a needs analysis of teachers’ needs for professional development with the emergence of the current English textbooks, “English Language Teaching” 2015, 8(8), pp. 128–141.Bartlett L., Teacher development through reflective teaching, [in:] Second Language Teacher Education, J.C. Richards, D. Nunan (eds.), Cambridge 1990, pp. 202–214.Benson P., Autonomy as Learners’ and Teachers’ Right, [in:] Learner Autonomy, Teacher Autonomy: Future Directions, B. Sinclair, I. McGrath (eds.), Edinburgh 2000, pp. 111–117.Burns A., Action research, [in:] Qualitative in Applied Linguistics. A Practical Introduction, J. Heigham, R.A. Croker (eds.), New York 2009, pp. 112–134.Czykwin E., Samoświadomość nauczyciela, Białystok 1995.Darling-Hammond D., Hyler M.E., Gardner M., Effective teacher professional development, “Learning Policy Institute – Research Brief” 2017, [online], https:// learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/teacher-prof-dev, [access: 08.06.2019].Ellis M., Introducing reflective practice: an experimental project in Silesia, Poland, [in:] Teachers Develop, Teachers Research: Papers on Classroom Research and Teacher Development, J. Edge, K. Richards (eds.), Oxford 1993, pp. 102–112.Farrell T.S.C., Reflective Practice in the Professional Development of Teachers of Adult English Language Learners, Washington, DC 2008.Farrell T.S.C., Teacher Development through journal writing, “RELC Journal” 1998, 29(1), pp. 92–109.Hager K.D., Teachers’ use of video self-monitoring to improve delivery of effective teaching practices, “Teaching Exceptional Children” 2018, 50(5), pp. 283–290.Harmer J., The Practice of English Language Teaching, Harlow 2001.Komorowska H., Metodyka nauczania języków obcych, Warszawa 2003.Paris S.G., Ayres L.R., Stawanie się refleksyjnym uczniem i nauczycielem, M. Janowski, M. Micińska (transl.), Warszawa 1997.Richards J.C., Farrell T.S.C., Professional Development for Language Teachers, Strategies for Teaching Learning, New York 2005.Richards J.C., Lockhart Ch., Reflective Teaching in Teacher Education, Cambridge 1996.Šaric M., Šteh B., Critical reflection in the professional development of teachers: challenges and possibilities, “Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal” 2017, 7(3), pp. 67–85.Shulman L., Toward a pedagogy of cases, [in:] Case Methods in Teacher Education, J. Shulman (ed.), New York 1992, pp. 1–30.Skinner B.F., Science and human behaviour, New York 1953.Smith R.C., Teacher Education for Teacher-learner Autonomy, Edinburgh 2003.WallaceM.J. Training Foreign Language Teachers: A Reflective Approach, Cambridge 1991.Wysocka M., Profesjonalizm w nauczaniu języków obcych, Katowice 2003.Zawadzka E., Nauczyciele języków obcych w dobie przemian, Kraków 2004.2511312

    Z polskiego domu się wiodący: ksiądz Piotr Chwiećkowski (1777–1867) i jego bratankowie

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    Archiwum i Muzeum Archidiecezjalne w Białymstoku32336

    Social Media Marketing für B2B Unternehmen: Untersuchung der Social Media Präsenz der 75 größten deutschen B2B Unternehmen und Handlungsempfehlungen

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    Das vorliegende Praxis Paper stellt die Erkenntnisse aus der Analyse der Social Media Präsenz von deutschen B2B Unternehmen dar. Die Grundlage liefert das Praxisprojekt von Simon Schiffbauer, welches von April bis Juni 2020 von Prof. Dr. Monika Engelen betreut wurde. In diesem wurden mittels einer Datensammlung die Social Media Nutzung sowie die Aktivitäten der 75 größten deutschen B2B Unternehmen analysiert. Ziel des Praxis Papers ist es, einen Einblick in die Nutzung und Einbindung der sozialen Medien von B2B Unternehmen zu geben. Der Fokus liegt dabei besonders auf den professionellen Social Media Kanälen Xing, LinkedIn und Kununu und der dortigen Darstellung und Vermarktung der untersuchten Unternehmen. Das Praxis Paper soll auch als Orientierung und Leitfaden zur Gestaltung, Vermark-tung und Nutzung von Social Media für B2B Unternehmen dienen

    Sophorolipid-Based Oligomers as Polyol Components for Polyurethane Systems

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    Due to reasons of sustainability and conservation of resources, polyurethane (PU)-based systems with preferably neutral carbon footprints are in increased focus of research and development. The proper design and development of bio-based polyols are of particular interest since such polyols may have special property profiles that allow the novel products to enter new applications. Sophorolipids (SL) represent a bio-based toolbox for polyol building blocks to yield diverse chemical products. For a reasonable evaluation of the potential for PU chemistry, however, further investigations in terms of synthesis, derivatization, reproducibility, and reactivity towards isocyanates are required. It was demonstrated that SL can act as crosslinker or as plasticizer in PU systems depending on employed stoichiometry. (ω-1)-hydroxyl fatty acids can be derived from SL and converted successively to polyester polyols and PU. Additionally, (ω-1)-hydroxyl fatty acid azides can be prepared indirectly from SL and converted to A/B type PU by Curtius rearrangement

    Impact of secondary effects of the corona pandemic on children and adolescents

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    Problemstellung: COVID-19 ist nicht nur aufgrund der Folgen der Erkrankung problematisch, sondern auch aufgrund einer ganzen Reihe von Sekundäreffekten. So stellt eine lang andauernde Pandemie eine Dauerbelastung dar, welche sich auf die Psyche des Menschen auswirken kann. Insbesondere Kinder und Jugendliche sind hier auf-grund ihrer besonderen Angewiesenheit auf das häusliche Umfeld besonders vulnerabel. Zeitgleich ist diese Gruppe in bestehenden Krisenplänen bisher nicht oder kaum relevant. Aufgrund der Besonderheit, dass sich Kinder und Jugendliche noch in der Entwicklung befinden und dass, insbesondere für jüngere Kinder, die aktuell seit über einem Jahr bestehende Situation der Pandemie und die damit verbundenen Einschränkungen einen erheblichen Zeitraum darstellt, besteht ebenfalls die Gefahr von kulturellen und sozialen Entwicklungsproblemen. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist auch zu beachten, dass Maßnahmen gegen das Virus, welches die Primärgefahr darstellt, ebenfalls negative Auswirkungen auf Kinder und Jugendliche darstellen und somit zu Sekundärgefahren führen können. Weiterhin ist zu bedenken, dass Fehler in der Pandemiebekämpfung, welche sich nachhaltig negativ auf Kinder und Jugendliche auswirken, in der Zukunft in Form von Problematiken im Erwachsenenalter und, bei entsprechend vielen Betroffe-nen, in der gesamten Gesellschaft sichtbar werden. Um dies zu erforschen, werden zunächst die Fragestellungen bearbeitet, welche Sekundärgefahren und Risiken aufgrund von COVID-19 für Kinder und Jugendliche vorliegen, sowie ob die Vor- und Nachteile der Lockdowns die Vorteile für Kinder und Jugendliche überwiegen. Im Anschluss werden Handlungsempfehlungen gegeben, wie die Gesundheit und das Wohlergehen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in künftig ähnlichen Lagen sichergestellt werden können. Angewandte Methoden: Um ein möglichst umfassendes Bild über die Lage von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland zu erhalten, werden Experteninterviews mit Expertinnen und Experten aus unterschiedlichen Fachgebieten und Berufsbereichen durchge-führt. Aufgrund der internationalen Vergleichbarkeit der Problematik werden auch Ex-pertinnen und Experten aus dem internationalen Raum befragt. Dies kann dazu beitragen, Aspekte, welche im nationalen Raum nicht bekannt sind oder nicht als relevant eingeschätzt werden, in diese Arbeit mit einfließen zu lassen. Weiterhin werden Studien und Quellen aus dem nationalen Raum in Form einer Sekundäranalyse betrachtet, um auf die Vor- und Nachteile der Lockdowns Rückschlüsse ziehen zu können. Insbesondere die Unterschiedlichkeit der verschiedenen Studien und Quellen stellte dabei eine große Herausforderung dar. Somit findet eine Anwendung von qualitativen und quanti-tativen Methoden statt, was als Mixed Methods bezeichnet wird. Wichtigste Ergebnisse: Eine eindeutige Aussage über die Sekundärgefahren für Kinder und Jugendliche gestaltet sich als schwierig, da diese Gefahren unter anderem stark durch das häusliche Umfeld geprägt sind. So scheinen Kinder und Jugendliche aus so-zial schwächeren Familien in einem höheren Maße betroffen zu sein als jene, aus sozial stärkeren Familien. Zusätzlich stellt die Pandemie eine Brennglasfunktion für bereits zu-vor bestehende Problematiken dar. Der Vergleich von Vor- und Nachteilen der Lockdowns für Kinder und Jugendliche zeigt die Unterschiedlichkeit bestehender Studien und Quellen auf, wodurch das Ergebnis dieser Fragestellung primär Indizien darstellt. Die Handlungsempfehlungen, welche ebenfalls ein Ziel dieser Arbeit darstellen, bestehen auf den vorherigen Ergebnissen aufbauend aus grundsätzlichen Handlungsempfehlungen, dem Einbezug von Kindern und Jugendliche in Pandemiepläne, der Beteiligung von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Entscheidungen bezüglich Krisensituationen sowie der Nachsorge der aktuellen Pandemie. Anwendungsgebiet und Zielgruppe: Bei dem Anwendungsgebiet handelt es sich zu-nächst um ganz Deutschland, wobei unter Beachtung örtlicher Gegebenheiten auch ein internationaler Anwendungsbezug des Themas besteht. Die Zielgruppe stellen insbesondere Politiker und Entscheider in Behörden dar, welche zuständig für die Formulierung bzw. Fortschreibung von Pandemieplänen und für die Bereitstellung der techni-schen und personellen Ressourcen sind.Problem: COVID-19 is not only problematic because of the consequences of the disease, but also due to of a whole series of secondary effects. One of those includes peo-ple’s psyche, affected by the long time the pandemic fight forced restrictions on the pop-ulation. Especially noteworthy are children and adolescents by virtue of their dependency on the household environment. Conjointly, this group is not seen as relevant in existing contingency plans and hence often overlooked by those fighting the primary risk. As to the fact that children and adolescents are still mentally developing and, especially for younger children, the current situation of the pandemic and the imposed restrictions may represent a considerable risk for their healthy development. Considering those implica-tions, it should also be noted that measures against the virus can also impact negatively on children’s and adolescents’ psyche and thus jeopardy cultural and social develop-ment. Furthermore, it must be considered that mistakes in handling the pandemic, which have a lasting negative impact on children and adolescents, will only reflect in the future as problems that may arise in adulthood, with possibly a large number affected. To in-vestigate, the question is posed as to which secondary dangers and risks are present for children and adolescents due to the handling of the pandemic. It is then followed with the inquiry whether the advantages of a lockdown outweigh the risks for children and adolescents. This should lead to recommendations on how to ensure the health and well-being of children and young people in similar situations in the future. Methods used: In order to obtain a comprehensive picture of the situation of children and adolescents in Germany, expert interviews were conducted with experts from vari-ous fields. Due to the international comparability of the problem, experts from other countries will also be interviewed. This can contribute to the inclusion of aspects that are not known on a national level but appear to be relevant to this work. Furthermore, studies and sources from the national area are considered in the form of a secondary analysis to be able to draw conclusions on the advantages and disadvantages of lockdowns. In particular, the diversity of the different studies and sources posed a great challenge. Thus, an application of qualitative and quantitative methods takes place, which is called Mixed Methods. Most important results: It is difficult to make a clear statement about the secondary risks for children and adolescents, as these dangers are strongly influenced by the home environment, among other things. Children and adolescents from economical weaker families seem to be affected to a greater extent than those from economical stronger families. In addition, the pandemic serves as an amplifier for pre-existing problems. The comparison of advantages and disadvantages of lockdowns for children and adolescents shows the diversity of existing studies and sources, so that the result of this question is primarily circumstantial. The recommendations for action, which also represent an ob-jective of this work, consist of basic recommendations for action based on the previous results. This includes children’s and adolescents’ development in pandemic plans, the participation of children and adolescents in decisions regarding crisis situations as well as the aftercare of the current pandemic. Area of application and target group: The area of application is initially Germany as a whole, although there is also an international application of the topic, taking into account local conditions. The target group is made up of politicians and decision-makers in public authorities in particular, who are responsible for the formulation and updating of pan-demic plans and for the provision of technical and human resources

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