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Laser Welding of Nitinol Thin Foils: Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Depending on Process Parameters
Get PDFNi–Ti alloys are used as functional materials in numerous sectors such as aerospace, automotive engineering, medical technology, and consumer goods. Their properties in terms of shape memory effect and superelasticity offer a great potential for innovative smart products. However, forming and machining of these alloys into concrete products is challenging. Assembling plain structures by laser welding to complex product shapes offers an economical alternative in many cases, but can be associated with negative effects, such as reduction of strength, development of brittle intermetallic compounds, alteration of transformation temperatures, and modification of shape memory effects and superelastic behavior. Against this background, investigations on laser welding of Ni55/Ti45 foil with a thickness of 125 µ m by a fiber laser were conducted. Supported by methods of design of experiments, optimal parameters were determined with respect to laser power, welding speed, focus position, and beam oscillation, and the welding results were analyzed concerning the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the welded joints. The effect of laser beam oscillation was investigated for the first time for the welding of this alloy. Due to the very low thickness, the preparation of the foils for the microstructure characterization is quite demanding. Best results were obtained by ion milling. Fracture surfaces and the influence of the welding were also investigated
Synthesis of 12-aminododecenoic Acid by Coupling Transaminase to Oxylipin Pathway Enzymes
Get PDFBiobased polymers derived from plant oils are sustainable alternatives to petro based polymers. In recent years, multienzyme cascades have been developed for the synthesis of biobased ω-aminocarboxylic acids, which serve as building blocks for polyamides. In this work, we have developed a novel enzyme cascade for the synthesis of 12-aminododeceneoic acid, a precursor for nylon-12, starting from linoleic acid. Seven bacterial ω-transaminases (ω-TAs) were cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and successfully purified by affinity chromatography. Activity towards the oxylipin pathway intermediates hexanal and 12-oxododecenoic acid in their 9(Z) and 10(E) isoforms was demonstrated for all seven transaminases in a coupled photometric enzyme assay. The highest specific activities were obtained with ω-TA from Aquitalea denitrificans (TRAD), with 0.62 U mg−1 for 12-oxo-9(Z)-dodecenoic acid, 0.52 U mg−1 for 12-oxo-10(E)-dodecenoic acid and 1.17 U mg−1 for hexanal. A one-pot enzyme cascade was established with TRAD and papaya hydroperoxide lyase (HPLCP-N), reaching conversions of 59% according to LC-ELSD quantification. Starting from linoleic acid, up to 12% conversion to 12-aminododecenoic acid was achieved with a 3-enzyme cascade comprising soybean lipoxygenase (LOX-1), HPLCP-N and TRAD. Higher product concentrations were achieved by the consecutive addition of enzymes compared to simultaneous addition at the beginning
Online Fundraising for NPOs via Email Marketing – A Critical Success Factors Analysis in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Get PDFThis study aims to empirically determine success factors in the email marketing as a sub-discipline of online fundraising of nonprofit organizations (NPOs). Hereby, it responds to the gap of knowledge as existing research has not in detail touched nonprofit email marketing. To explore success factors in NPOs’ email marketing, a detailed structural equation model, in which email marketing success acts as the final endogenous variable and the nine potential success factors function as formative latent exogenous variables, was developed. A quantitative survey was conducted with employees of NPOs from German-speaking countries. For data analysis, which was carried out with the software SmartPLS, 153 responses were utilized. Using aggregate and disaggregate analyses on the developed model, various critical success factors in NPOs’ email marketing could be empirically identified. Furthermore, an importance-performance map analysis allowed the identification of the most crucial measures for increasing success, as a low performance of the NPOs faces a high total effect on email marketing success. From the results of the importance-performance map analysis, it was possible to derive specific practice-relevant action recommendations regarding measures in which NPOs should prioritize an increase in performance. Therefore, in addition to its theoretical relevance, the study also has a strong practical value
Chatbots in Coaching. Potentials and Possible Applications of Digital Coaching Companions and Assistants
Get PDFChatbots gelten als eine maßgebliche technologische Innovation der letzten Jahre, die als digitales Selbst-Coachingtool zunehmend den Coachingbereich erfasst. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle Entwicklungslinien von digitalen Coaching-Begleitern und Assistenten. Es werden Einsatzfelder in Unternehmen, Organisationen und Hochschulen skizziert sowie Potenziale und Herausforderungen von Coaching-Chatbots benannt. Die Konzeption und Entwicklung von Chatbots werden als interdisziplinärer, co-kreativer und iterativer Prozess vorgestellt. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf die Zukunft von Chatbots im Coaching.Chatbots are considered to be a decisive technological innovation of the last few years, which is increasingly capturing the coaching sector as a digital self-coaching tool. This article provides an overview of current developments in digital coaching companions and assistants. Fields of application in companies, organizations and universities are outlined, and potentials and challenges of coaching chatbots are named. The conception and development of coaching chatbots is presented as an interdisciplinary, co-creative and iterative process. The paper concludes with an outlook on the future of chatbots in coaching
An Effective and Efficient Approach for 3D Recovery of Human Motion Capture Data
Get PDFIn this work, we propose a novel data-driven approach to recover missing or corrupted motion capture data, either in the form of 3D skeleton joints or 3D marker trajectories. We construct a knowledge-base that contains prior existing knowledge, which helps us to make it possible to infer missing or corrupted information of the motion capture data. We then build a kd-tree in parallel fashion on the GPU for fast search and retrieval of this already available knowledge in the form of nearest neighbors from the knowledge-base efficiently. We exploit the concept of histograms to organize the data and use an off-the-shelf radix sort algorithm to sort the keys within a single processor of GPU. We query the motion missing joints or markers, and as a result, we fetch a fixed number of nearest neighbors for the given input query motion. We employ an objective function with multiple error terms that substantially recover 3D joints or marker trajectories in parallel on the GPU. We perform comprehensive experiments to evaluate our approach quantitatively and qualitatively on publicly available motion capture datasets, namely CMU and HDM05. From the results, it is observed that the recovery of boxing, jumptwist, run, martial arts, salsa, and acrobatic motion sequences works best, while the recovery of motion sequences of kicking and jumping results in slightly larger errors. However, on average, our approach executes outstanding results. Generally, our approach outperforms all the competing state-of-the-art methods in the most test cases with different action sequences and executes reliable results with minimal errors and without any user interaction
Information behaviour of people with type 1 diabetes in Germany
Get PDFIn recent years there have been numerous technical innovations such as CGM systems or insulin pumps that have made life easier for people with type 1 diabetes. However, this also means that more and more information is available. The aim of the present study is to find out more about the daily handling of information. The following research question was asked: What information do people with type 1 diabetes use? To answer this research question, a quantitative online survey of people with type 1 diabetes was conducted by Prof. Dr. Matthias Fank at the Technical University of Cologne. The online survey mainly consisted of 25 closed questions, which were asked on a scale from 0 to 10. The responses of 1,025 people who are at least 18 years old were included in the evaluation. The most important information for type 1 diabetics is the "current value". 67.5% have this on Place 1 placed. Current glucose levels are provided by CGM systems used by 94.2% of people with type 1 diabetes. Quarterly visits to the diabetologist are important and provide important information. 30.8% “completely” agree with this statement on a scale from 0 to 10. Only 2.2% of people with type 1 diabetes are satisfied with their current diabetes management apps. There is a desire for a manufacturer-independent app. The strongest agreement with a value of 10 was chosen by almost a quarter (24.6%) of the people with type 1 diabetes. The study provides an insight into diabetes therapy and shows the need for action
Assessing potential locations for green-blue interventions to reduce hydrometeorological hazards in the Wupper Catchment, Germany
Get PDFAim: European cities are facing heighten hydrological risks as a result of climate change at the same time as ecological degradation has reduced the environmental capacity to absorb and regulate such fluctuations. Climate forecasts predict more intense convective rainfall and winter flood events in the Wupper Basin in Germany, against a background trend of reduced mean rainfall during the summer months. On 14 July 2021 intense convective rainfall fell at points across Western Germany and led to flash floods in the Wupper Basin, many sites were inundated and the Wupper and Dhünn rivers rose to new record highs. Green-blue infrastructure offers strategies to reduce the impacts of hazards at the same time as providing a range of co-benefits. A study was undertaken to find which green-blue interventions will be most effective at reducing the impacts of hydrometeorological hazards for a study area in the west of the Wupper basin. Furthermore, as landscape features are highly influential in hydrology, the study sought to establish which sites within the landscape can provide maximum results from green-blue interventions, with a minimum of change to current land uses.
Region: Europe, peri-urban and rural, undulating, low mountainous landscapes
Methods: Literature findings on observed and projected climate data are summarised and long-term rainfall data from the study area is analysed to confirm rainfall trends. A state-of-the-art review is conducted and summarised to form a toolbox of potential interventions. The most recent hazardous hydrometeorological event is analysed to inform the locational priorities of potential interventions. Landscape features that have the most influence on basin hydrology are identified from the literature. These sites are paired with green-blue interventions that are shown to have the highest potential impact on interception, infiltration, runoff and flooding. A series of spatial analyses are carried out to produce maps detailing location and intervention with high potential to reduce the impact of hydrometeorological hazards in the study area. All of the evidence gathered from the literature analysis is combined in an implementation guide for green-blue interventions in the Wupper Basin.
Results: The hazards caused by the hydrometeorological extremes of flooding and drought are addressed or minimised through the green-blue interventions that increase interception and infiltration and reduce runoff and flooding. Priority locations are identified as the riparian zone with slope ≤15%, hilltop, lower slope and toe slope, all locations with a slope ≥30% and areas with a high topographic wetness index (TWI). A series of spatial analyses were carried out and suggestions made including potential locations for retention or detention areas and ponds, sites for revegetation and potential locations for implementation of shelterbelts/hedgerows, buffer strips, conservation tillage or strip tillage, reduced mowing intensity or frequency and biochar additions. An implementation guide is created that provides a summary of the highest potential green-blue interventions and landscape locations, and a description of the mechanisms involved in addressing the hydrometeorological hazards.
Keywords: Green-blue interventions, hydrometeorological hazard reduction, Wupper Basin hydrolog
Wahrnehmung der eigenen Profession Sozialarbeitender in der klinisch-stationären Sozialpsychiatrie - Eine empirische Annäherung mittels Expert*inneninterviews mithilfe der Grounded Theory Methodik
Get PDFDas Setting der klinisch-stationären Sozialpsychiatrie ist ein historisch gewachsenes, von medizinisch dominierten Handlungsweisen geprägtes Arbeitsfeld, welches durch die Mannigfaltigkeit der dort agierenden Professionen, interdisziplinäres Handeln verlangt. Sozialarbeiter*innen als Teil dieses Gefüges müssen sich demnach in diesem vorgegebenen Rahmen positionieren. An den Umstand schließt diese im Rahmen einer Bachelorarbeit durchgeführten Studie an. Sie stellt die Frage „Wie reflektieren Sozialarbeiter*innen in der Sozialpsychiatrie interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit vor dem Hintergrund der eigenen Profession?“ als forschungsleitende Fragestellung in den Fokus. Mit dem Erkenntnisinteresse eigener Professionswahrnehmung dort agierender Sozialarbeiter*innen ist sie der qualitativ-rekonstruktiven Professionsforschung zuzuordnen.
Das Forschungsdesign orientiert sich am interpretativen Paradigma, weshalb die Ergebnisse aus den geführten Expert*inneninterviews als exemplarische Tiefenergebnisse zu verstehen sind. Die mit Hilfe der Grounded Theory Methodik gebildeten Schlüsselkategorien stellen die Ergebnisse der Studie dar. In diesen sind Paradoxien sozialarbeiterischen Handelns, Fragen nach der Deutungshoheit in medizinisch dominierten Hierarchien sowie das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen der Darstellung eines egalitären Miteinanders und einem hintergründig bestehenden Machtgefälles sichtbar geworden. Die Arbeit schließt mit einer Ergebniseinordnung vor dem Hintergrund des aktuellen Forschungsstandes sowie dem (professionstheoretischen) Diskurses. Zuletzt bietet sie Anknüpfungspunkt für weitere Forschungsvorhaben im Kontext klinisch-stationärer Sozialpsychiatrie
Cyber warfare from the perspective of (re)insurance
Get PDFDue to their unpredictable nature and sweeping impacts make cyber risks, including cyber warfare and state-sponsored cyber-attacks, present a considerable challenge to many areas of our daily lives. In today’s connected world, the threat of cyber risk is omnipresent. Cyber warfare and state-sponsored cyber-attacks are of particular concern, as they are initiated or supported by governments or state actors. Often, the purpose of such attacks is to compromise critical infrastructure, government systems, businesses, or citizens’ privacy. The impacts can be devastating. They range from financial losses for businesses to theft of intellectual property, disruptions of public order and threats to national security
Herbarium Pomeranicum as an example of digitalization in the scientific environment
No full textCel – Przedstawienie przyjętych rozwiązań w zakresie udostępniania zintegrowanych cyfrowych zasobów zielników pomorskich dotychczas zgromadzonych w czterech zielnikach w trzech uczelniach Pomorza jako narzędzia komercjalizacji wiedzy naukowej, zaprezentowanie roli zbiorów klasycznych i cyfrowych zgromadzonych w kolekcjach poszczególnych zielników oraz ukazanie interdyscyplinarnego charakteru projektu Herbarium Pomeranicum. Metoda badań – Studium przypadku (single case study). Wnioski – Materiał zielnikowy w formie cyfrowej może dzięki współczesnym technologiom ICT być szeroko wykorzystany przez szereg interesariuszy i odegrać istotną rolę nie tylko w badaniach naukowych czy procesie dydaktycznym, ale także w ocenie stopnia zagrożenia gatunków podczas opracowywania programów zachowania bioróżnorodności w gospodarce zrównoważonej opartej o wiedzę. Oryginalność / wartość / implikacje / rekomendacje – Zaprezentowanie roli zbiorów klasycznych i cyfrowych zgromadzonych w kolekcjach poszczególnych zielników oraz interesariuszy cyfryzacji zbiorów naukowych w ten interdyscyplinarny charakter projektu Herbarium Pomeranicum.Purpose – Presentation of the solutions adopted in the field of sharing the integrated digital resources of Pomeranian herbariums so far collected in four herbaria at three universities in Pomerania as a tool for commercializing scientific knowledge and presenting the role of classic and digital collections of individual herbariums in the present day and the interdisciplinary nature of the Herbarium Pomeranicum project. Research method – A single case study Results – Thanks to modern ICT technologies, herbarium material can be widely used by a number of stakeholders and play an important role not only in scientific research or didactic process, but also in assessing the degree of threat to species during the development of biodiversity conservation programs in a sustainable economy based on knowledge. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – Presenting the role of classic and digital collections gathered in the collections of individual herbariums and stakeholders in the digitization of scientific collections, including the interdisciplinary nature of the Herbarium Pomeranicum project.Artykuł finansowany ze środków projektu Herbarium Pomeranicum – „Zintegrowane wirtualne Herbarium Pomorza – Herbarium Pomeranicum – digitalizacja i udostępnienie zbiorów herbariów jednostek akademickich Pomorza poprzez ich połączenie i udostępnienie cyfrowe” w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Polska Cyfrowa na lata 2014-2020 Oś Priorytetowa nr 2 „E-administracja i otwarty rząd”. Działanie nr 2.3 „Cyfrowa dostępność i użyteczność informacji sektora publicznego”. Poddziałanie nr 2.3.1 „Cyfrowe udostępnienie informacji sektora publicznego ze źródeł administracyjnych i zasobów nauki” (typ II projektu: „Cyfrowe udostępnienie zasobów nauki”)[email protected] Pomorska w SłupskuAudretsch D.B., Aldridge T.T., 2009, Scientist Commercialization as Conduit of Knowledge Spillovers, “Annuals of Regional Science”, Vol. 43, pp. 897–905, DOI: 10.1007/s00168-009-0297-4.Bozeman B., 2000, Technology Transfer and Public Policy: A Review of Research and Theory, “Research Policy”, Vol. 29, pp. 627–655, DOI: 10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00093-1.Harman G., 2010, Australian University Research Commercialization: Perceptions of Technology Transfer Specialists and Science and Technology Academics, “Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management”, Vol. 32(1), pp. 69–83, DOI: 10.1080/13600800903440568.Harman G., Harman K., 2004, Governments and Universities as the Main Drivers of Enhanced Australian University Research Commercialization Capability, “Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management”, Vol. 26(2), pp. 153–169, DOI: 10.1080/1360080042000218230.Łobacz K., 2012, Koncepcja oceny procesu komercjalizacji przedsięwzięć gospodarczych w akademickich inkubatorach przedsiębiorczości, rozprawa doktorska napisana w Katedrze Efektywności innowacji pod kierunkiem dr. hab. prof. US Piotra Niedzielskiego, Wydział Zarządzania i Ekonomiki Usług Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Szczecin, (maszynopis powielony).Monkiewicz J., 1981, Międzynarodowy transfer wiedzy technicznej. Elementy teorii i polityki, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.Niedzielski P., 2013, Kreatywność i procesy innowacyjne na rynku usług transportowych. Ujęcie modelowe, Polskie Towarzystwo Ekonomiczne, Szczecin.Omta O., Trienekens J., Beers G., 2001, Chain and Network Science. A Research Framework, “Journal on Chain and Network Science”, Vol. 1(1), pp. 1–6, DOI: 10.3920/JCNS2001.x001.Orłowski W.M., 2013, Komercjalizacja badań naukowych w Polsce. Bariery i możliwości ich przełamania, PWC, Warszawa.Peshkov I., 2008, Granice stosowalności. Teorie wzrostu endogenicznego wobec procesów transformacji systemowej, [w:] Innowacyjność w Polsce w ujęciu regionu: Nowe teorie, rola funduszy unijnych i klastrów, Pangsy-Kania S., Piech K. (red.), Instytut Wiedzy i Innowacji, Warszawa.Phillips K.P.A., 2006, Knowledge Transfer and Australian Universities and Publicly Funded Research Agencies, Department of Education, Science and Training, Canberra.Prebble D.R., Waal G.A., Groot C., 2008, Applying of Multiple Perspectives to the Design of Commercialization Process, “R&D Management”, Vol. 38(3), pp. 311–320, DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9310.2008.00517.x.Projekt wykonawczy platformy Herbarium Pomeranicum, 2020, ThinkIT Consulting, Warszawa (maszynopis powielony).Skyrme D.J., 1999, Knowledge Networking. Creating the Collaborative Enterprise, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.Sopińska A., 2001, Zarządzanie wiedzą jako potencjalne źródło konkurencyjności polskich przedsiębiorstw w dobie „nowej ekonomii”, [w:] Procesy dostosowawcze polskich przedsiębiorstw do warunków funkcjonowania w Unii Europejskiej, Czerska M., Rutka R. (red.), Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, nr 15, Fundacja Rozwoju Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Sopot.Studium Wykonalności projektu „Zintegrowane wirtualne Herbarium Pomorza Herbarium Pomeranicum – digitalizacja i udostępnienie zbiorów herbariów jednostek akademickich Pomorza poprzez ich połączenie i udostępnienie cyfrowe”, 2019, Szczecin (maszynopis powielony).System transferu technologii i komercjalizacji wiedzy w Polsce – siły motoryczne i bariery, 2010, Matusiak K.B., Guliński J. 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