Austrian Academy of Sciences
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Table of Contents. Archäologische Forschungen|A shrine to Moses Archäologische Forschungen 31|
No full text“Joy” and “Fear” in Thomas Bernhard’s autobiographies: Aspects of a Computational Sentiment Analysis
No full textThis pilot-study of a computational analysis of literary texts presents the results of aspects of a “sentiment analysis”. The data of analysis are the autobiographies of the Austrian novelist Thomas Bernhard. The primary object of attention are the sentiments “joy” and “fear”. We elaborate on and demonstrate the impact of several preprocessing procedures, describe the characteristics of the dictionary and the annotations of its entries conceived and used for analysis. We specify the general methodology and the steps involved for quantifying of its result by the use of the functions of the R-package “Quanteda”. The descriptive output of the procedures is examined with several statistical measures to compare the counts of “joy” vs “fear” that were found in the texts individually, contrastively and in combination as a corpus. We conclude that there is a proportional and relative difference between the frequencies of the sentiments of the individual texts, but that this observation is insignificant if interpreted on the basis of the non-parametric Wilcoxon rank-sum test. A “goodness of fit” test, on the other hand, shows that the two sentiments show a homogeneous distribution across the corpu
Is it (dis)Advantageous to Have Mixed Parentage? Exploring Education and Work Characteristics of Children of Interethnic Unions in Britain
No full textExtant studies commonly claim that mixed ethnic children face difficulties inaffiliating with either of the parental ethnic group, which consequently negatively affectstheir identity development. However, the majority of the existing literature is based onclinical evidence of small highly self-selected samples of those seeking psychologicalassistance. This paper aims to investigate the socioeconomic outcomes of mixed ethnicchildren using the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study data (N=35,302) whichis a nationally representative 1% sample of the population in England and Wales. Wehypothesise that an interethnic union between one immigrant parent and one parent from amajority population could promote integration of an offspring. Here educational attainmentand employment status are used as indicators of socioeconomic integration. Logisticregression is employed to estimate the probabilities of having a degree qualification andbeing in employment of mixed ethnic individuals comparing to children of two ethnicminority parents and native children of two native white parents.Controlling for parental demographic and socio-economic characteristics as well asneighbourhood characteristics, the results suggest that having one native white parentbring children of immigrants closer to the characteristics of the majority population,signalling better integration of children with mixed parentage compared to theircounterparts whose both parents are from minority ethnic group
Fertility Intentions and Preferences: E®ects of Structural and Financial Incentives and Constraints in Austria
No full textTaking as a starting point the low period fertility rates in Austria, this paper ad-dresses the question to which extent the low period fertility rates in Austria can beaccounted for by e®ects of structural and ¯nancial measures. Using data from theAustrian Population Policy Acceptance Survey 2001 we analyse the e®ects of thesetwo publicly controversial discussed incentives on the desired total number of children,on wanting no (more) children, and on fertility aspirations under the implementationof certain public policies. Based on zero-in°ated Poisson models we ¯nd that onlystructural constraints have an e®ect on the desired number of children, while ¯nancialconstraints have no e®ect. Logistic regression results suggest that neither structural nor¯nancial factors a®ect the desire for wanting (more) children. Concerning the fertilityaspiration under the implementation of certain policy measures our results based onmatching methods indicate that both structural and ¯nancial incentives would have ane®ect on thinking about having a(nother) child, on deciding to have a(nother) child, aswell as on having the ¯rst/next child sooner. However, at parity zero ¯nancial incen-tives seemed to be more important, while at parity one especially structural incentivesare the driven force of fertility aspirations
Fertility Intentions of Highly Educated Men and Women and the Rush Hour of Life
No full textThe life span between the mid-twenties and the late thirties is characterised by multiple demands. In recent years, the expression "rush hour of life" has been used to describe periods of time when conflicting demands are felt most acutely, in particular related to family formation and fertility. This is especially relevant for highly educated persons who often face later entrance into the labour market and postponement of family formation due to long educational involvement. We study fertility intentions of highly educated women and men, concentrating on 2,187 university degree holders aged 27 to 40 years in western Germany, Austria, the Netherlands, France and Norway. We attempt to operationalize the rush hour of life in a multivariate framework by taking into consideration different life domains (private, work) and their temporal dimension and relate them to family formation plans. The study reveals remarkably lower fertility intentions as well as substantial gender differences in Germany and Austria. Childbearing plans are most pronounced among university graduates around the age of thirty, thus in the prime time of their rush hour of life. What is associated with fertility intentions is not only the degree of institutionalisation but also the duration of the relationship. Moreover, the amount of working hours is related to childbearing plans
Attrition in the Austrian Generations and Gender Survey
No full textIn longitudinal research, the loss of sample members between waves is a possible source of bias. It is therefore crucial to analyse attrition and to find out who remained in the sample. The current paper analyses attrition in the Austrian Generations and Gender Survey, a longitudinal study on family and fertility, by distinguishing between attrition due to noncontact and attrition due to cooperation. The two components of attrition are studied separately by using bivariate as well as multivariate methods. Moreover, overall dropout - the combination of both components - is analysed. Apart from various socio-economic characteristics and data collection information, the study focuses on fertility relevant variables such as fecundity, fertility intentions, sexual orientation and traditional attitudes. The results reveal that fecundity, fertility intentions and homosexual relationship are associated with higher attrition due to refusal in bivariate analyses but have no explanatory power in the multivariate model. On the contrary, pregnancy and traditional attitudes towards marriage are significantly associated with lower attrition due to refusal in the multivariate context. Moreover, various individual and regional characteristics turned out to be significantly associated with dropout, with differences between attrition due to noncontact und attrition due to cooperation
Wissenschaftlerinnen in Österreich - Zusatzerhebung im Rahmen des GGS. Dokumentation der Datenerhebung und deskriptive Ergebnisse
No full textThe “Generations and Gender Survey (GGS)” is an important data source for studying thedynamics of families and family relationships, it was carried out in Austria in 2008/09.Additionally, the Austrian Academy of Sciences financed data collection among femalescientists in Austria. In total, 247 women up to the age of 45 years who applied for ascholarship at the Austrian Academy of Sciences within the last ten years were interviewedthe core GGS questionnaire as well as further questions related to scientific work. In thisdocumentation, we inform about data collection, sample size and basic characteristics ofthe sample. Up to now, very little was known about the fertility behaviour of academicwomen in Austria, but also in other modern societies. The current sample – although veryselective – will allow new insights in the fertility behaviour and in the family formationprocess of women working in the academic field
