Austrian Academy of Sciences
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Titelei. VIRUS - Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin|VIRUS. Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin Band 07|
No full text"Russenfeten". Abtreibung und Forschung an schwangeren Zwangsarbeiterinnen in der Universitätsfrauenklinik Graz 1943–45. VIRUS - Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin|VIRUS. Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin Band 07|
No full textVom Physikus über die Hebamme bis zur Kindsdirne. Medizinisch-pflegerisches Personal im Wiener Bürgerspital und seinen Filialen in der Frühen Neuzeit. Schwerpunkt: Orte des Alters und der Pflege – Hospitäler, Heime und Krankenhäuser
No full textThe multifunctional Civic Hospital, founded in the middle of the 13th century, was among the main institutions for poor relief and health care in the city of Vienna until the reforms of Joseph IIin the 1780s. The article provides an overview of the medical and nursing staff employed by the hospital by mainly analysing the pay lists found in the annual hospital account books. It is shown that a salaried academically trained physician cannot be found before the beginning of the 17th century, whereas a surgeon had already been employed in the second half of the 15th century. Paid nursing staff that can as well be identified at the end of the Middle Ages became increasingly specialised in the course of the Early Modern Period. Particularly nursing staff represents a research gap concerning the history of early modern hospitals
Conservation, development and logistical support: How are these three functions incorporated in Austrian Biosphere Reserves?. eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management)|eco.mont Vol. 12 No. 2 12 2|
No full textThere are four UNESCO biosphere reserves (BRs) in Austria representing different bio-geographical regions. As members of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves (WNBR), they function according to the Seville Strategy of 1996 and are intended to fulfil three complementary functions: conservation, sustainable development and logistical support. This article aims to give an overview of the manifold initiatives taking place in Austrian BRs which reflect the complexity of the landscapes and the people living there
Das „gesunde Arbeiterkind“ als ein Projekt der „Sozialen Medizin“. Zur wissenschaftlichen Neuordnung der Kindheit durch die Medikalisierung der „Sozialen Frage“ zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts. Schwerpunkt: Medikalisierte Kindheiten. Die neue Sorge um das Kind vom ausgehenden 19. bis ins späte 20. Jahrhundert
No full textIn this paper I will explore the competitions in the scientific field in respect to the identification and solution of the problems posed in the course of the “Social Question” in Austria at the beginning of the 20th century. I will outline the suggestions inherent for the proper handlingof working class parents and children in these scientific discourses. Particularly I will analyse the influence of national-economic thinking on the medical discourse and show, how “SocialMedicine” as a result demanded a health policy for the working class. The improvement of medical care, housing and labour conditions were argued to be the prerequisites for economic progress in the international industrial competition. Therefore a healthy proletariat in healthy family situations should be successfully deployable as “organic machine”. The latter should be reached guided by the general principles of the contemporary bourgeois-patriarchal family by a “domestication of maternity” and by a “double location of childhood” in the family and in school. This new “Order of Childhood” was positioned against the way of life of the working and lower classes and their children were normalized and regularized by the new professions of childhood in the field of medicine, psychology and pedagogy for the public benefit of the “future of society”
Die Kriegsopfer des Ersten Weltkriegs in Österreich. Definitionen und Kategorisierungen. Schwerpunkt: Behinderung(en)
No full textThe article wants to demonstrate that parameters used today in the disability legislationhave been already applied on a large scale during World War I and the years after 1918.Developed in the 1880s in association with the legislation on workers' compensationinsurance, the concept of the reduction of earning capacity for example, was now usedto categorize the disabled veterans, who - together with the bereaved of the war -represented a considerable group of needy persons after the war. The state had toadopt an efficient system to support these persons, who - no longer invalid professionalsoldiers, but recruited civilians - were supposed to go back to their professions andto contribute to their earning as much as they could. The article arranges the remarksalong three chapters: First, a glimpse on the definition of terms shows a shift from anolder term (invalid) to a newer one (war disabled). Second, the concept of the reductionof earning capacity is presented, and at last, with a view to the contemporary statisticsthe problem is shown that too less was known on the quantity and the composition ofthe group of disabled veterans
Introduction with a Fictional Scenario. Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|The Ontological Nature of Part-Whole Oscillations Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse 523. Band|
No full textAltern und Pflege in pallottinischen Gemeinschaften: Erste Befunde eines Beratungsprojekts für die Pallottiner. Schwerpunkt: Orte des Alters und der Pflege – Hospitäler, Heime und Krankenhäuser
No full textThe background of the analysis was an examination of aging in religious orders, particularly within the Pallottine communities. The focus was laid on demographic changes, according to nurse-related, social and spiritual-religious challenges. The research question was how aging is designed and how it could be further developed. Instruments und methods: In the beginning, a systematic literature research with the focus on aging, nursing and care in religious communities was conducted. Additionally, quantitative and qualitative interviews were realized.Results: First findings show that individual solutions should be made possible for each community. A general solution does not make sense. Outlook: In the context of the project, a “task force” of Pallottines und scientists has been established, operating as a counseling and support group
