Austrian Academy of Sciences

Elektronisches Publikationsportal der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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    Die institutionelle Versorgung von Menschen mit Behinderungen in Oberösterreich 1918-1938. Schwerpunkt: Behinderung(en)

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    This article scrutinises institutional care for disabled people in Upper Austria duringthe time of the First Republic (1918-1938). From a disability history perspective, theauthor describes the construction of disability and ableism in care and education in itsdifferent institutional settings. Segregation from the majority society as well as withindisabled people was a structuring principle: the lodging of ‘unworthy’ disabled peopleand segregated education and rehabilitation for the ‘worthy’ disabled persons. Becausetaking care of disabled people was neglected in the Monarchy and in the FirstRepublic, the Catholic and Protestant churches were strongly involved in the task.Therefore, grace and mercy were the main guidelines and motives of care. Life in theinstitutions was marked by hierarchical and authoritarian paternalistic structures andsubordination, big groups, excessive demands on staff, a lack of resources andadequate training

    Vereinsnachrichten. Schwerpunkt: Medizin und Religion

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    Komplementäre Heilweisen und Sexualleben – ein diffiziles Verhältnis im Zeitraum von 1880–1930. Schwerpunkt: Alternative und komplementäre Heilmethoden in der Neuzeit Konzepte sexueller Gesundheit vom Mittelalter bis zum 21. Jahrhundert

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    Complementary healers had been key figures in debates over sexual emancipation in Germany between 1880 and 1930, but today sexology seems to be out of scope for naturopaths or homeopaths. For several decades, concepts of complementary medicine were considered to be a kind of “soft medicine” instead of surgical therapies in academic medicine. Moreover, complementary healers were important members of the “Living Reform Movement” in Germany. But when pharmaceutical trusts, medical bureaucracy and doctors introduced new therapies and laws, naturopaths lost the right to heal “sexual” illnesses

    Holzschuh, Lizzi (Lizzy, eig. Alice Michaela, verh. Kern)

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    * 3.1.1908 Wien, † 23.7.1979 Baden/NÖ. Sängerin (Soubrette), Schauspielerin

    Der Erste Weltkrieg „in“ den Patientenakten von Kieferschussverletzten der Österreichisch- Ungarischen Landstreitkräfte. VIRUS - Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin|VIRUS. Beiträge zur Sozialgeschichte der Medizin Band 10|

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    The specific fighting and trench warfare of the First World War resulted infacial injuries, the extent of which shocked doctors. As a result, military leadershipdecided to reform the medical support provided in order to treat the facial injuriesmore efficiently. Confronted with a new situation, maxillofacial doctors developedtreatment methods that made the largest number of soldiers fit for battle as quickly aspossible. From that point, medical support was used as a quantifiable resource and wasactively integrated in warfare. The pressure exerted by the military defined the scopeand therapeutic goal of treatment of facial injuries. Simultaneously, doctors withoptimistic forecasts turned wounded soldiers into calculable resources for the military.The potential ethical conflict of the instrumentalization of medicine during the warwas not addressed. In fact the doctors discussed the benefits of war to the scientificand practical achievements in the area of maxillofacial surgery

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    Elektronisches Publikationsportal der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften is based in Austria
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