Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
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KAJIAN KEAMANAN PEMAKAIAN OBAT ANTI-HIPERTENSI DI POLIKLINIK USIA LANJUT INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RS DR SARDJITO
Get PDFIncreasing age is generally followed by increasing chronic diseases so that the elderly needs much therapy using drugs for therapy of numerous diseases they have. Hyper-tension is one of diseases of which its prevalence increases along with increasing age.Most of the elderly diagnosed as having hypertension finally take therapy using anti-hypertension drugs. Physiological changes that happen to the elderly lead to use ofdrugs for side effect diseases of which their consumption should be considered while having anti-hypertension drugs. Changes in biological system to the elderly will af-fect the process of drug molecular interaction, which finally affects clinical efficacyand pharmacotherapeutic safety. Meanwhile, minimizing the problem of drug use insecurity is one of good prescription demands in the implementation of clinical pharmacy. To identify and study safety of anti-hypertension drug use at the elderlypolyclinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital Outpatient Installation by identifying and evalu-ating contraindication, interaction and side effect of anti-hypertension drugs. This was a descriptive study with data taken prospectivelly from 80 patients of the elderly polyclinic of Dr. Sardjito Hospital Outpatients Installation from November 14 to December 13, 2005. Data were obtained from medical records, interviews and ques-tionnaires. The study on contraindication, interaction and side effect of drugs whichhappened was based on a guideline book. There was 27.5% of patients took anti-hypertension drugs which were not beneficial to patients’ clinical condition, so the that use of antihypertension drugs needs monitoring. As much as 41.3% of patients took combined drugs potential to cause interaction, 8.7% of which had clinical symp-toms presumed to be related with possibility of increasing drug interaction effect. Asmuch as 33.8% of patients had at least one drug side effect considered to be related or possibly related with anti-hypertension medication. Use of anti-hypertension drugsamong the elderly had not been relatively safe because there was drug combination potential of causing interaction, light drug side effect and the possibility of contrain-dication due to use of anti-hypertension drugs which was not beneficial to patients’clinical condition so that monitoring to use of anti-hypertension drugs was needed.Keywords: elderly, hypertension, contraindication, interaction, drug side effect
PENGARUH KONSELING TENTANG TERAPI OBAT TBC TERHADAP KEPATUHAN PENDERITA TBC PARU PADA TERAPI OBAT PERIODE FEBRUARI-MEI 2007 DI KELURAHAN PANCORAN MAS-DEPOK
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to know the patients’ characteristics, antituber-culosis drug use, and to analyzed the influence of counselling about tuberculosis therapy on patient’s adherence in Pancoran Mas-Depok. This study was quasiexperiment design (non randomized control group pretest-postest design). The in-clusion criteria were the people with tuberculosis who took antituberculosis drugsfrom February – May 2007 in Pancoran Mas-Depok, and followed pretest and postest.Total samples were fifty two respondents. Respondents were divided into two groups, intervention group and control group. Both of groups were given questionnaire (pre-test). After that, intervention group were given counselling about tuberculosis therapy.A month later, both of groups were given a similar questionnaire (postest). Data was analysed with t-test. The result of this study showed that majority of respondents inintervention and control group were productive aged, low education, employee, but majority of intervention group were women and majority of control group were men.The results of this study showed that there was a significant different of adherence to tuberculosis therapy between intervention group and control group (p value = 0,007).There was influence of conselling on patient’s adherence to tuberculosis therapy.Keywords : counselling, adherence, tuberculosis
PENDEKATAN FARMAKOGENOMIK DALAM PENGEMBANGAN OBAT BARU
Get PDFThe human population is heterogeneous and consists of populations of immense ethnic diversity. There are considerable allelic differences between human popula-tions as well as individuals within each ethnic group as a result of molecular hetero-geneity of the genome. This, in turn, is responsible for differential allelic expression of genes endowing them with polymorphic characters. The molecular diversity within genes is responsible amongst others, of disease resistance or susceptibility or for that matter drug response. Pharmacogenomics is the key to the understanding of differ-ential drug response in different patients in relation to genetic constitution. The revelation of such information at the molecular level would assist the pharmaceuti-cal industry to address a therapy directed to each individual. The objective of this article is to understand the nuances of the genetic repertoire and correlate it with disease gene identification, genes that have been or can be used as drug targets,identify candidate genes for drug development and recent trends in drug discovery
KEPUASAN PASIEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN RESEP DI APOTEK KOPKAR RUMAH SAKIT BUDHI ASIH JAKARTA
Get PDFThe pharmaceutical services at a dispensary are prescription dispensing, self-medication and drug information. Patient's satisfaction is an essential factor in improving medicines sale at dispensary. The objective of survey is to know the patient's satisfaction who get the prescription service at Kopkar dispensary. Cross sectional study is conducted by collecting data from 100 adult patients who get the prescription service at Kopkar dispensary on November 2003 by questioner. Respondent are selected by the systematic random sampling. Data were analyzed by comparing between the perception of reality service and the perception of need service using correlation index. The result of this study are: (1) The patients have high satisfaction to the empathy and the cleaning waiting room, (2) The patients have moderate satisfaction to the drug service, the cashier service, the drug information, the drug completed, the drug price, the desk in waiting room, the fan and air conditioning service, and (3) the patients have low satisfaction to the television service. Key words : satisfaction, the dispensary's service
STUDI PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIKA PADA PENDERITA RAWAT INAP PNEUMONIA (PENELITIAN DI SUB DEPARTEMEN ANAK RUMKITAL DR. RAMELAN SURABAYA)
Get PDFPneumonia is an infectious disease that was caused inflammation of acute parenchy-mal compression of the lungs and bacterial exudate from lung tissue on the main fromStreptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy and rational will determine the treatment to avoid the occurrenceof bacterial resistance. In addition it is also possible the use of other drugs that can increase the chances of Drug Related Problems (DRP). Pattern of antibiotic use in Rumkital Dr. Ramelan Surabaya has never been done. Studying the pattern use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients with pneumonia in the Sub Department of Pedi-atric Rumkital Dr. Ramelan and related the dose, other therapies, as well as identifythe DRP. This research is a method descriptive survey research in the form of a retrospective and descriptive study. Materials research is the Medical Records pa-tients hospitalized with the final diagnosis of pneumonia, starting January 1, 2004until April 30, 2006 that meet inclusion criteria. Of the study population who account for 50 found 41 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Antibiotics single most widely accepted patients without comorbidities were ampicillin iv 26.92%(14 patients) and iv sefotaksim 21.15% (11 patients), while the antibiotic combina-tion widely accepted patients is ampicillin iv / po + kloksasilin iv / po 13.46% (7 patients) and kloksasilin iv + ceftriaxone iv 5.77% (3 patients) and the rest otherantibiotic combinations. DRP study found 56.9% patients received appropriate anti-biotic dose literature and 43.1% patients receiving doses underdose. Use of antibioticsabove is already in accordance with reference and other therapies. Single antibiotic or combination of 2 antibiotics penicillin and cephalosporin classes often used to treatpneumonia.Keywords: Pneumonia-antibiotics-DUS
RELEVANSI PERATURAN DALAM MENDUKUNG PRAKTEK PROFESI APOTEKER DI APOTEK
Get PDFOne of pharmacy’s duty is being the place of pharmacist to serve patient profesionally.The fact, it was many report in mass media that pharmacist ‘s performance is not good enough. Many pharmacy regulation already issued, this review report and discuss pharmacy regulations related to pharmacy. Regulation that have issued by goverment about pharmacy ie: St. No.419 in 1949, Goverment regulations (PP) No.25 in 1980, Rule of Minister of Health (Permenkes) No.26 in 1981, Kepmenkes No. 278, 279 and 280 in 1981, Permenkes No.240 in 1990, Kepmenkes No.347 in 1990, Permenkes No.922 in 1993, Act (UU) No.5 in 1997, UU No.22 in 1997, PP No.72 in 1998, UU No.8 in 1999, Kepmenkes No.1332 in 2002, UU No.29 in 2004, Kepmenkes No.1027 in 2004, and Permenkes No.384 in 2007. Pharmacyregulations are enouh and relevance to support pharmacist practice, commitment to adhere the regulations and enforcement its implementation still required.Key words : regulation, pharmaceutical care, pharmacy
UJI MUTAGENISITAS DAN ANTI KANKER EKSTRAK ASETON DAN N-HEKSANA DARI KULIT BATANG SESOOT (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.)
Get PDFMutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of the acetone and n-hexane extracts of Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.bark have been studied by Ames method using Salmonella typhimurium TA 97, TA 98 TA 100, TA 102, dan Escherichia coli WP2. The results showed that the two extracts had a positive effect. It can be concluded that the acetone and n-hexane extracts of Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq. bark have anticancer activity
PEMANFAATAN OBAT TRADISIONAL DENGAN PERTIMBANGAN MANFAAT DAN KEAMANANNYA
Get PDFHerbal medicines in general are safer than modern drug. This matter is caused by the less side effect of herbal medicines than modern drug. Side effects of herbal medicines can be reduced with the used of right materials, accurat dose, accurat usage time, accurat way of usage, accurat analyze information, and without abusing of herbal medicines itself. Accuracy of materials determine the effect of herbal medicines. Dose measuring in set of gram can lessen possibility the happening of effect which do not be expected. Information which is not supported by adequate basic knowledges and enough study can make traditional drug return to endangering. Key words : herbal medicine, reduce side effect
OPTIMASI BIOTRANSFORMASI TOTAL STEROL LIMBAH TAHU MENGGUNAKAN MYCOBACTERIUM PHLEI DSM 43286 MENJADI 1,4-ANDROSTADIEN-3,17-DION, DENGAN PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR A, A’- DIPIRIDIL
Get PDFIsolation of total sterol from waste product of soy bean cake has been conducted, followed by biotransformation to 1,4-androstadien-3,17-dione (ADD). The waste product consist of; β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, kaemfesterol, which are isolated by column chromatography technique using silica gel as stationary phase and chloroform as mobile phase. Biotransformation was conducted by using Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 in the present of α, α’- dipiridil as an inhibitor with concentration of 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2,0 mM. The main product of biotransformation were ADD and pregnenolon. The optimum yield of ADD 0,48% is achieved by adding 1,5 mM α, α’- dipiridil are two hours after addition of substrate and 72 hours of incubation time. Key Words: Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286; α, α’- dipiridil concentra- tions
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI KOMPUTER PENGOLAH DATA KONSENTRASI OBAT DALAM PLASMA UNTUK STUDI PEMODELAN PARAMETER FARMAKOKINETIK
Get PDFA computer application named Farmakomatic 1.0 had been developed to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters from plasma drug concentration data following intravenous and oral administration with one and two compartment model using a program application Microsoft® Visual Basic 6.0®. The application was evaluated using two plasma drug concentration data. Calculation results of the Farmakomatic 1.0 and manual calculation using Microsoft® Excel 2003® were not different. Key words : Computer application, Pharmacokinetic, Compartment model, Pharmacokinetic parameter