Aceh Journal of Animal Science
Not a member yet
155 research outputs found
Sort by
Prevalence of internal and external parasites and their related diseases, during the rainy season: Evaluation for breed selection in a semi-arid wildlife zone
No full textExperimental research was done in Bubi district, a semi-arid region to find the prevalence of parasites and their related diseases during the rainy season. The research was done in order to identify the prevalence of both internal and external parasites of cattle kept in a wildlife zone and identify age and breed influence on hardiness. In a total population of 320 cattle, 36 cattle were sampled, considering the age and breed. Brahman, Angus, and Beef Master were used, at varying stages of growth namely calves, weaners, and cows and bulls. Veterinary assistance was sort in the identification of parasites, although literature was also used in the process. A high prevalence of external parasites was found in four identified hard ticks; the Rhipicephalus (boophilus) decloratus with an average of 27.44, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (10.50), A.variegatum spp (0.83) and Hyalomma (0.44). Internal parasites were identified from the following species; the Fasciola spp with an average of (1.89), Fasciola eggs (1.28), Trematode eggs (2.81), Strongyle eggs (2.50), and the Ascaris lumbricoides (0.14). The blood parasite found was Anaplasma spp (1.11 bacteria per ml). Weaners were more susceptible to parasitism. Beef master was the most resilient breed against parasites. Brahman and Angus had a high level of disease resistance due to their minimum mortality recorded. Both internal and external parasitic levels were major health threats although no relationship between wildlife-livestock disease interactions was found. Weaners require more attention in parasitic treatment since they were the most susceptible
Biochemical responses of painted spiny lobster Panulirus versicolor fed with molluscs meal and fish meal
Full text linkMolluscs are one of the most preferred ingredients for marine lobster feed because the mollusc has a higher protein content. Therefore, this material has the potential to substitute the fish meals and reduce the cost for feeding lobsters. The objective of the present study was to investigate digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of painted spiny lobsters fed with a combination of mollusc meal and fish meal in the diet. Four experimental diets were formulated to contain 20% sardine fish meal and 20% mackerel fish meal (Diet A). 10% Telescopium muscle meal (TMM) + 15% golden snail meal (GSM) + 15% scallops muscle meal (SMM) (Diet B). 15% TMM + 10% GSM + 15% SMM (Diet C) and 15% TMM + 15% GSM + 10% SMM (Diet D). A total of 24 juvenile painted spiny lobsters were distributed into twelve plastic tanks (two lobsters/tank) with a size of 60 45 60 cm and reared in a recirculating system for a 50-day rearing period. The lobster was fed only one time a day (05:00 pm) with a dosage of 3% biomass weight. The results showed that the enzyme activities of lobsters fed with combined mollusc meals were higher than the enzyme activity in the lobsters fed with the fish meal combination diet. The weight gain of the painted spiny lobster fed with mollusc meal was higher than the lobster fed with a fish meal diet. Based on results of enzyme activities and growth performance. It was concluded that the combination of mollusc meal in the formulated diet was more suitable than the combination of fish meal for optimum enzyme activities and growth performance of painted spiny lobste
Effects of dietary xylanase-treated rice husk on performance characteristics of West African Dwarf goats Capra hircus
Full text linkThe effect of feeding value ofAspergillus tubingensisxylanase-treated rice husk supplemented in the dietary treatment to improve nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen retention and body weight gain in WAD goats was investigated. Twenty (20) West African Dwarf (WAD) goats of four to six (4-6) months old with a live weight of 6.5 - 6.6 kg were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments and a control with two replicates comprising two animals in each treatment group in a completely randomized design (CRD). Crude xylanase produced was used for enzymatic degradation of rice husk which enhanced fibre digestion, increases nutritional values and improves performance of WAD goats. The rice husk was initially subjected to physical pre-treatment through milling to increase the surface area. Pre-treated rice husk was treated by spraying the xylanase onto the rice husk at 100g/0.2mL. Xylanase-treated rice husk (XTRH) was used with other ingredients in formulating WAD goat diets at treatment levels of 0 (control), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% (XTRH). The goat was fed on feeding trial for 56 days. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated. Crude protein intake and nutrient digestibility was significantly highest (p 0.05) for goats fed diet 4 with 30% inclusion level of xylanase-treated rice husk than for those fed at 10%, 20%, 40% or the control. Differences in feed nutrient intake and digestibility caused gradual improvement (p 0.05) in body weight gain from 16.07 (g/head/day) in the un-supplemented group to 42.88 (g/head/day) in goats fed at 30% (XTRH) inclusion level. Results showed that performance characteristics of goats fed diet 4 with 30% inclusion level of xylanase-treated rice husk was significantly (p0.05) higher than other treatment diets. The inclusion of xylanase-treated rice husk up to 30% in goats diet may haveincreased nutrients and dry matter digestion, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA's) and microbial protein production. The study concluded that xylanase-treated rice husk included at 30% in the diets of WAD goats improved feeding values of feed byincreasingthe rumen fermentation of fibrous diets and enhanced the growth performance of WAD goats
Ethanolic extract of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae for wound healing in mice (Mus musculus L.)
Full text linkThe Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) or BSF is one of a group of insects that has a length of 15-20 mm originating from America. The larvae of the BSF has a high protein content (44.26%), which has great potential in treating wound healing. This study investigated the wound healing potential of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) ethanolic extract on mice. The research aimed to determine the extract's content, its effect on wound closure percentage, and its impact on total DNA content in mice. Using a completely randomized design, 30 male mice were divided into 6 treatment groups: no treatment (K-1), placebo (K-2), povidone iodine 10% (K+), and BSFL ethanolic extract at 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations. Wounds were treated for 14 days, with measurements taken every 2 days. Results showed that the 20% BSFL extract was most effective in wound healing, with wound lengths comparable to the povidone iodine group. The highest total DNA content was observed in the 20% BSFL group (42.25 7.45 g/mL), indicating enhanced cell proliferation. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry analysis revealed high lauric acid content (44.27%) in the extract, known for its antibacterial properties. Organoleptic and homogeneity tests confirmed the ointment's suitability for topical application. The extract's efficacy is attributed to its high protein content, various amino acids, and minerals that play crucial roles in wound healing processes. The study concludes that BSFL ethanolic extract, particularly at 20% concentration, shows promising potential as a natural wound healing agent, offering antibacterial and tissue regeneration properties. These findings open new avenues for developing sustainable, insect-based wound healing treatments
Potential use of Spirulina sp. as fish feed : A mini review
Full text linkSpirulinasp. is one of the microalgae that is used as natural food for fish seeds or larvae. Spirulina sp. contains 6071% protein, 8% fat, 16% carbohydrates, and vitamins as well as 1.6% Chlorophyll-a, 18% Phycocyanin, 17% -Carotene, and 2030% -linoleaic acid from total fatty acids. Cultivation of Spirulina sp. can be done using organic media and inorganic media. The types of inorganic media that can be used are Urea, TSP, Zarrouk, Conwy and Walne, while the organic media that can be used are vermicompost, quail droppings, guano, liquid waste from banana stems, coconut husks, canna plants, fermentedAzolla pinnata, and bioslurry . The cultivated Spirulina can be used as fish feed in either fresh or dried form. Several research results show that giving Spirulina sp. flour had a significant effect (P0.05) on the growth and brightness of fish color with additional concentrations in the range of 1.2-10 grams/100 grams of fee
A Study of the Technical Aspects of Local Buffalo Rearing in West Aceh Regency
Full text linkThe research problem is whether the technical aspects of raising buffalo livestock in West Aceh Regency have been implemented properly and correctly in accordance with the DITJENNAK guidelinesof 1992by buffalo breeders in West Aceh Regency.This research aims to examine theimplementation oftechnical aspects of local buffalo rearing in West Aceh Regency. The research locations covered 25 villages(5 villageseach district), namelyin5 villages Johan Pahlawan,Mereubo,Kaway XVI and Samatiga District. This study used a survey method of 100 buffalo breeders using a questionnaire.The parameters were1)aspects of breeding and reproduction,2)food, maintenance management,3)health,4)cages and equipment. The sampling technique is random and the number of samples is determined deliberately taking into consideration the breeders who are willing to be interviewed. The data obtained is processed by calculating the percentage score and then compared with the categories set by the Directorate General of Livestock (1992). The results showed that the implementation of the technical aspects of raising buffalorearingin West Aceh District was 41.71%,including the application of technical aspects of breeding and reproduction 57.72%, aspects of food13.74%,aspects of maintenance management 38.58%, health aspects 67.27%, cage and equipment aspects 52.09%. It can be concluded that the implementation of technical aspects of buffalo farming in West Aceh Regency is poor category with the guidelines of the Directorate General of Livestock (1992). From these results it is recommended that the technical aspects of buffalo rearing in West Aceh Regency should be improved in the future
Effect of graded levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on growth, haematology and serum biochemistry of African catfish Clarias Gariepinus juveniles
Full text linkThe effects of the leaf meal ofMoringa oleifera(MLM) as a source of protein in the diet ofClarias gariepinususing growth, haematology and serum biochemistry as indicators were investigated. Four experimental diets MLM1, MLM2, MLM3 and MLM4 were formulated, withM. oleiferaleaf meal replacing fish meal at 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% levels of inclusion.The four diets were allotted to triplicate groups of one hundred and eighty (180)C. gariepinus(12.50.03g mean weight) randomly distributed into 12 plastic aquaria for 84 days at 3% body weight daily. Growth variables including Mean weight gain (MWG), Specific growth rates (SGR), Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and Survival were determined using standard procedures. Samples of blood were collected from randomly selected fish samples before and after the feeding trial for haematological and serum biochemical analysis. Results show that MLM has fat, crude protein, crude fibre and ash contents of 5.34%, 26.62%, 18.97% and 12.01% respectively. Mean weight gain was significantly higher in MLM1 and MLM2 groups (16.750.35g and 15.490.22g respectively), with these groups having superior FCR values. Survival rate was 95% across treatment. PCV and blood platelets were significantly higher (P0.05) in fish fed MLM diets.Creatinine and total protein showed significantly higher values in the control group with values ranging from 0.40 (MLM3) to 0.67 (MLM1) and 3.16 (MLM3) to 4.70 (MLM1) and respectively.The results indicate that the leaf meal ofMoringa oleiferacan only replace up to 10% fish meal inClarias gariepinusdiets when growth and haematological parameters are considered
Growth dimension and DNA analysis of Bulinus snail from River Wudil, Kano State Nigeria
No full textThe growth pattern and DNA yield and purity of Bulinus. globosus from River Wudil, Kano State, were investigated using standard methods. The mean ranges in mm from 7.92.9, 5.72.5, 4.81.8, 3.41.2, 1.50.2, 1.6 0.0, 2.4 0.2, 1.2 0.1, 1.4 0.1, 65.8 1.9 and 22.2 0.4 were recorded for length, width, aperture height, aperture width, height width ratio, height and aperture height ratio, height and aperture width ratio, width and aperture height ratio, aperture height and aperture width ratio, shell weight and flesh weight. About 33.7 % of weight of the snail is made up of flesh by weight. The value of b showed that B. globosus exhibited a negative allometric growth pattern while the correlation coefficient (r) in all the shell variables were below 1, indicating a weak correlation between the parameters. Mean DNA yield and purity were 120.03 5.10 ng/l and 1.81 1.21. The DNA yield in this study is well above the minimum standard and the pure extracts are good enough for further DNA analyses
Impacts of combination of onion bulb, holy basil and turmeric rhizome on shelf- life, flesh and microbial quality of smoked Clarias gariepinus
Full text linkThe increasing use of synthetic antimicrobials has created a situation leading to a pond ecological imbalance and enrichment of multiple multi-resistant pathogenic microorganisms. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of spices and natural preservatives using a mixture of Onion Bulb (OB), Holy Basil (HB) and Turmeric Rhizome (TR) on shelflife, flesh and microbial quality of smoked Clarias gariepinus during 56 days storage. Spices were added at the point of processing with five treatments of 8 fresh C. gariepinus (1.2-2kg) were distributed into experimental containers; the control (without Onion Bulb, Holy Basil and Turmeric Rhizome), (TR + OB)2, (TR+ HB)3, (OB +HB)4, (TR + OB + HB)5and the experiment were carried out in triplicates. Clarias gariepinus were smoked in a smoking kiln at 40C- 60C and 120-150C for 6 and 18 hours respectively. Proximate composition, biochemical parameters, organoleptic assessment, and microbial analysis were carried out using standard methods. The result showed that the crude protein of C. gariepinus was higher in the treated groups compared to the control. Also, the result shows that the biochemical parameters, organoleptic assessment and the microbial loads in smoked C. gariepinus were reduced in the treated groups than in the control at 1 day, 28 days and 56 days storage respectively. The results indicated that using onion bulb, holy basil, and turmeric rhizome in combination may be useful in improving the shelf life, consumer acceptability of smoked C. gariepinus and preventing bacteria pathogens in smoked C. gariepinus.Keywords:Catfish, Onion Bulb, Holy Basil, Microbial Loads, Turmeric Rhizom
Profile of morphological characters among male and female buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) populations in Kaliakah Village, Bali Province, Indonesia
Full text linkBuffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Kaliakah Village are exploited in the makepung lampit tradition, in addition to food and agricultural tools. However, the population of buffaloes in Kaliakah Village is very small hence information on their morphology is needed to inform conservation efforts. This study aimed to describe qualitative and quantitative characters in the morphology of male and female buffaloes in Kaliakah Village. This survey study was analyzed on 24 male buffaloes and 30 female buffaloes. Qualitative characters observed consist of body shape, body color, eye color, and horn shape, while quantitative characters measured consist of chest girth (CG), leg length (LL), body length (BL), head length (HL), neck length (NL), tail length (TL), and estimated body weight (BW). The study results revealed variations in body shape (stocky and fat), body color (black and albino), and eye color (black and reddish black) in both male and female buffaloes. Male buffaloes have a CG of 167 19.18 cm, LL of 57.63 5.23 cm, BL of 128.13 7.60 cm, HL of 31.38 3.50 cm, NL of 49.25 5.99 cm, TL of 61.88 6.53 cm, and BW of 740.79 198.59 kg. Female buffaloes had a CG of 160.40 16.53 cm, LL of 57.17 4.31 cm, BL of 127.39 7.55 cm, HL of 30.72 3.67 cm, NL of 72 5.46 cm, TL of 60.56 6.48 cm, and BW of 700.94 168.87 kg. Based on ANOVA (one-way) analysis, there was no significant differences between the quantitative characters of male and female buffaloes. Based on an analysis of correlation, there are differences in quantitative characters that are strongly correlated among male and female buffaloes