Aceh Journal of Animal Science
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Correlation and regression analysis of the body measurements of the Doro Ncanga Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) reared extensively in the Savanna of Mount Tambora Dompu Regency, Indonesia
Full text linkThe objectives of the present study were examined the correlation and regression of body measurements of the Doro Ncanga buffaloes in the Savanna of Mount Tambora Dompu Regency, Indonesia. A total of 339 animals were used in this study. In female, body weight (BW) was found to be significantly (p0.05) correlated with body length (BL), the degree of correlation increased from 0-6 (r=0.319) to 13-24 months (r=0.394), thereafter decreased at 36 months (r=0.160). The BW was not significantly correlated with height at wither (HW) for all 5 age groups. However, BW and heart girth (HG) were highly correlated (p0.01) between age groups 0-6 (r=0.967) and 36 months (r=0.978). The BL was significantly (p0.01) correlated with HW from 0-6 to 13-24 months of age, except for 25-36 months of age. The correlation between BL and HG was highly significant (p0.01) at 0-6 (r=0.427) and 13-24 (0.371) months of age, then decreased with the increase of age. The HW had no strong correlation with HG at all groups. Regression model of BW changes with HG was predictable with R2 values ranged from 0.896 to 0.957. In male, BW had a strong correlations with HG for age groups 0-6 (r=0.979) and 7-12 months (r=0.972). The BL and HW were not highly correlated with BW at all groups. However, BW was significantly (p0.01) correlated with HG for age groups 0-6 (r=0.979) and 7-12 months (r=0.972). Their R2 values were 0.958 and 0.945, respectively. A highly significant (p0.01) correlations were also observed between BL and HW for age groups 0-6 months (r=0.677)and 7-12 months (0.462). The R2 values were 0.458 and 0.214 for the two different age groups, respectively. The estimates of coefficient of determinations and predictive equations show that HG alone could be used to predict BW of female and male Doro Ncanga buffalo at different age groups
Sheanut Vitellaria paradoxa cake as ingredient in the diet of West African Dwarf Sheep Capra ovis
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of different levels of SNC on feed intake, digestibility and growth in West African Dwarf sheep. Sheanut cake (SNC) is a waste product from the process of extracting shea butter from shea fruits. Sheanut cake (SNC) is a waste product from the process of extracting shea butter from shea fruits. Many authors have investigated the importance of this waste to the ruminant livestock production industry. Sheanut cake (SNC) contained 122.4 - 189.0 g kg-1of crude protein, 123.0 - 175.0 g kg-1ether extract, 92.3 g kg-1ADF, 100.7 g kg-1NDF, 41.6-53.0 g kg-1ash, 75.0- 138.0 g kg-1crude fibre, dry matter of 915.0 g kg-1and a metabolizable energy of 7.12 MJ kg-1. SNC also contained anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) (tannins, saponins, and theobromine) that reduced its use at a higher inclusion level in the diet of sheep. Varying levels of Sheanut cake (11.5 - 30%) were included in the diet of sheep to observe its effect on the performance of WAD sheep. It was observed that above 25% inclusion, feed intake, digestibility and average daily growth rate were depressed. No negative effect was reported in the haematology and blood biochemistry of sheep when SNC was included in the diet up to 25%. It has been established from this study that SNC contains appreciable levels of nutrient especially protein. However, the optimum inclusion level in the diet of WAD sheep is 25% beyond which feed intake, digestibility and growth is depressed
Evaluation of the haematology and biochemistry of the silver catfish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus as biomarker of environmental pollution in a tropical lagoon
Full text linkThe objective of the present study was to examine the haematological and biochemical parameters of the silver catfish, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, from the Makoko area of a polluted tropical lagoon such as Lagos Lagoon, to serve as a baseline data for the assessment of the health status of the fish and as reference point for future studies. The mean values of the haematological parameters analyzed were: blood haemoglobin, Hb (97.294.35g/L); pack cell volume, PCV (29.281.23%); red blood cell/total erythrocyte count, RBC (2.970.12T/L); white blood cell count, WBC (10.690.37g/L); mean cell volume, MCV (95.192.28fl); mean corpuscular haemoglobin, MCH (30.530.67pg), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, MCHC (33.320.38g/dl), and the differential leucocytes. While the mean values of the biochemical parameters were: aspartate transaminase, AST (66.066.12 IU/L); alanine transaminase, ALT (12.981.10 IU/L), and alkaline phosphatase, ALP (88.018.60 IU/L). The findings from this study gave an indication of stress on the health status of the fishes in this lagoon and there is need for proper management strategies to be adopted in monitoring the conditions of the faunal communities in the lagoon. The lagoon indeed showed signs of environmental stress, which eventually pose devastating effect on the health status of the fishes. These have an indirect effect on the coastal communities. There is therefore the need for periodic monitoring and enforcement of environmental laws by respective organisations to ensure health safety of the people especially in the coastal communities
Check list of the marine commercial and reef fishes of Belitung Timur, Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia
Full text linkMarine fish community is very sensitive to environmental changes. So the number of species, abundance, and biodiversity index can be used as a reference to assess the quality of the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to describe fish biodiversity in Belitung Timur, Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Three islands were visited i.e. Pekandis Island, and Keran Island, Gosong Semut (Gosong refers to sandbar) for reef fish survey and for the economical fish study we also visited fisheries landing sites (i.e. Teluk Pering, Tanjung Batu Pulas, and Pantai Burung Mandi). The underwater visual census was used for in situ surveys of reef fish, and the fish species landed in fisheries landing site also been checked. Forty-two families of economical fish that had been landed by local fishermen were identified, and ten families of reef fish were found in reef systems of research location. A total of 10 families were recorded fromthree islands in Belitung Timur Regency. In addition, 42 families of commercial fish were also observed in fish landing sites from the coastline of Belitung Timur Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands
Characteristics of nesting habitat of sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea in Lhoknga Beach, Aceh Besar District, Indonesia
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of nesting habitat of sea turtle in Lhoknga beach. The observation was conducted at three locations from January to March 2016. The study showed that the coastal slope average ranges 1.03 - 1.38 . The average of nest temperature was 28.05 C to 29.47 C (inside the nest) and from 28.77 C to 29.95 C (at the surface of the nest). The width beach at high tide ranges from 20.17 m to 21.83 m and 31 m to 33.83 m at low tide. The nest humidity ranges from 20.5% -24.15%. There were six species of coastal vegetation recorded during the study, where station 1 has higher of density and diversity of the coastal vegetation. In general, Lhoknga Beach is suitable for nesting of the sea turtle. A total of 13 sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) were nesting during the study, where station 1 had higher of nesting frequency
Site and depth influence on coral reef structure and composition in Seribu Islands, Jakarta
No full textThe coral reefs structure and composition are influenced by environmental condition and depth. Therefore, this study was conducted to find and examine the influence of depth against coral reef structures in Pramuka Island regions, Seribu Islands, located in the northern of Jakarta. The study was carried out from November to December 2016.The data was taken by using Line Intercept Transect Method which is laid 20 meters x 3 replication parallels with shoreline at the depth of 3 and 10 meters. There was a dominant of higher hard coral (HC) coverage recorded at the depth of 3 m and the lowest percentage located in West of Pramuka. Coral mortality index varied and ranged from 0.39 to 0.98. West of Pramuka Island dominant have the lowest value of average number of families, genera, and life form. Percentage of hard coral cover, coral mortality index, average number of family, genera, and life form differed significantly between sites. The different of depth only influencing the percentage of coral cover and average number of life form
Length-weight relationships and condition factors of the whitespotted grouper Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus in the coastal waters of Padang City, Indonesia
No full textThe whitespotted grouper Epinephelus coeruleopunctatus is one of the commercial marine fish species occurred in the coastal waters of Padang city, Indonesia. The population of the whitespotted grouper has been declining over last decade. Unfortunately, there was a lack of information on the biology of this species was available. Hence, the objectives of the study were to examine the length-weight relationships and condition factors of the whitespotted grouper harvested from coastal waters of Padang city, Indonesia. The fish sampling was carried out from April to October 2013. The fish samples were weighed for total body weight and measured for total length. The result showed that the male grouper has W = (3.1538 10 5) L 2.8613, while the female has W= (3.8617 105) L 2.8384. Both sexes male and female displayed the negative growth pattern
Seasonal variation of fish species and genotoxic effects as a result of human activities at the Ologe Lagoon, Nigeria
Full text linkThe fish abundance was determined by monitoring and recording the fish-catch data at the Otto Jetty in the Ologe lagoon. The diversity indices used for the purpose of this project were Species richness (S) and Shannon Weiner index (H). Three fish species from the lagoon were used for the micronucleus assay and nuclear aberrations; these are Tilapia guineensis, Sarotherodon melanoteron, and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus. Diversity indices (H) obtained for the months of June, July, August and September were 2.61, 2.54, 2.54, 2.61 respectively while evenness (J) for the months were 0.64, 0.60, 0.53, 0.44 respectively. Apart from the presence of micronucleus, the genotoxicity assay also showed the presence of binucleated nucleus and blebbed nucleus. These are evidence that Ologe lagoon has a certain level of pollution, though at a minimal level. As advanced by this research work, there is great variation in fish composition and abundance in Ologe lagoon in relation to changes in the physical and chemical state of the water in the lagoon during the months of this research and this is very crucial to the biological life of the lagoon. However, anthropogenic activities should be regulated so as to prevent the level of pollution from increasing beyond tolerable limits
Genotoxicity, haematological and growth performance of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed walnut Tetracarpidium conophorum leaves to substitute for rice bran
Full text linkA plant has become a preferred source of protein for fish species in aquaculture. A twelve-week feeding trial was carried out in order to assess the effect of feeding walnut leaves on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as the genotoxicity level on Clarias gariepinus fingerlings as a bio-indicator of their health status and overall response of the fish towards the experimental diets. One hundred and fifty fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus of mean weight 6.900.2g were stocked randomly as ten fish per tank (52.5 X 33.5 X 21 cm3) in triplicate. Fish were fed to satiation and the water changed every day to maintain good water quality. Five experimental diets with 40% crude protein each were formulated; the control, without the test ingredient and the other four diets (test diets1, 2, 3 and 4) contained 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% inclusion respectively. The Control diet had the highest mean weight gain (P < 0.05) (118.817.3) among the entire group. A similar pattern was observed in specific growth rate. The least significant (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio was recorded by the Control diet(0.680.03), the diet also recorded the best protein efficiency ratio (3.530.23).The genotoxicity test shows that some Micronucleus of the test diets were normal, lobed and binucleated nucleus compared to the Control diet. The fish fed with T. conophorum showed a significant difference in haematological values when compared to the values of fish fed the control diet. The fish fed with T. conophorum showed a significant difference in biochemical value when compared with control diet. There was a reduction in the biochemical values of the fish fed T. Conophorum with Cholesterol (2.200.05) Albumin (8.350.21) and Triglyceride (0.980.13) compared with the values of fish fed with the control diet with cholesterol (3.810.07) Albumin (12.352.33) and Triglyceride (7.297.02). It was concluded that using T. Conophorum leaves as feed for Clarias gariepinus enhances the growth of the fish. Therefore, partial replacement of feed T. Conophorum should be encouraged
Whistle sound detection and behaviour of male dolphin bottle nose (Tursiops aduncus) using noisy time domain modelling in captivity
Full text linkWhistle sound is a voice that is intended to echolocation, whistle sound is a major role in internal and inter-group communication. The objective research is to know the power spectral patterns and fluctuations in sound based on frequency of the sounds produced by dolphins and observing the position of dolphins. Noisy Time Domain (NTD) and behaviour using the underwater camera, and also comparing between time and sound spectrum. Data recording was taken at the Safari Park of Cisarua Bogor in Indonesia, by taking data in show pool. The results showed that salinity before feeding time in the show pool with replication 1,2, and 3 has salinity value that is equal to 30 . Data at the show pool before feeding with replications 1,2, and 3 has a salinity of 29 . Sound whistle 3 before feeding time of 28.03 dB with the frequency interval of 14 642 Hz-16000 Hz. F-test at the show pool before meals has heterogeneous value. Treat before meals at the show pool has a value of P 0.001 and P 0.001. Value Noisy Time Domain have differences with each other and have a lot of different sound patterns. In general, there are real differences are evidenced by F test on a range of time at each whistle on show pool in the time before meals. In general, there is a noticeable difference in the range of time at each whistle on show pool in the time before meals. The behaviour of dolphins have a habit that has the movement toward the surface of the pool and movement and position will be influenced frequency and intensity value