Aceh Journal of Animal Science
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Heterosis and Reciprocal Effect For Body Weight and Leather Properties in Hybrid Goats
Full text linkIdentification and evaluation of economically important traits in livestock is central to genetic improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate heterosis and reciprocal effects for bodyweight and leather properties among progenies of pure and reciprocal crossing of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Red Sokoto (RS) goats. Bodyweights of 96 kids were recorded at birth, weaning and yearling. Skins collected from slaughtered goats at yearling were processed to leather using vegetable tanning approach. The leathers were subjected to physical analysis to determine Thickness, Percentage Elongation (PE), Surface Area, weight and grain properties comprising Load at Crack, Load at Tear, Distension at Crack and Distension at Tear. Heterotic effect for bodyweight was negative at birth (-8.99%) and weaning (-11.15%) but positive at yearling (6.64%). Specific heterosis for bodyweight at yearling was higher for progenies of WAD does serviced with RS bucks. General and specific heterosis were positive for all the leather traits except PE. Specific heterosis was higher when RS does were serviced with WAD bucks. Reciprocal effects for bodyweight reduces with increase in goats age (Birth Weaning Yearling: 9.88 6.28 5.62).Reciprocal effects for grain properties were generally higher than other leather traits. This study concluded that WAD and RS goats are dissimilar in leather traits and bodyweight at different ages, and that choice of sire or dam for successful crossbreeding programme is trait dependen
Check list of marine fishes from Simeulue Island waters, Aceh Province, Indonesia
Full text linkThe objective of the present study was to inventory the marine commercial fishes in Simeulue waters, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted on August 2017. The sampling was conducted in fish landing and direct sampling by using handline hooks and casting net. A total of 77 species of marine commercial fishes belong to 7 orderS, 26 families and 54 genera were recorded during the study. Serranidae was a predominant family with 14 species followed by Lutjanidae with 13 species and Carangidae 9 specie
The Effectiveness of the Jones/Davis Type By-Catch Reduction Device (BRD) to Reduce Unintended Catch of Trawl Fisheries
Full text linkReduction by-catch of commercial fishing are become major concern, especially prawn trawl fisheries. By-catch reduction device developed to address that issue. However, there were trade-off problems regarding the implementation the BRD in trawl fisheries that is the effectiveness of the BRD. The performance of BRD was questionable on the effectiveness in term of reduction the by-catch and maintenance amount of target catch. This essay examines the performance of Jones-Davis type BRD to reduce by-catch and its impact to prawn catch in Cleveland Bay. An experimental fishing has been conducted (control-net and BRD-net; Pair-trawl method) to assess the effectiveness of by-catch reduction which examined with Wilcoxon Rank Test. The result shows that trawl equipped by BRD significantly reduce by-catch by 22.2% (Z = -4.6406, p-value = 0.0001) and retained prawn catch which was no significant difference inprawn catch between BRD and control nets (Z = -1.9218, p-value = 0.0546). Therefore, that evidence could be argued to convince about the BRD benefits to commercial prawn trawl fisheries
Dietary effects of Cissus populnea and Securidaca longepedunculata aqeous leave extracts on reproductive, haematological and biochemical parameters of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) brood stocks
No full textSixty Clarias gariepinus broodstocks were fed with varying inclusion levels of Cissus populnea (CP) and Securidaca longepedunculata (SL). Diet 1 (control, 0 ml plant extract), Diet 2(0.5ml/kg CP), Diet 3 (1.0ml/kg CP), Diet 4 (0.5ml/kg SL), Diet 5 (1.0ml/kg SL), Diet 6 (0.5ml/kg CP + 0.5ml/kg SL) were fed for 90days to evaluate gametes quality, haematological and biochemical parameters. The results of haematocrit and red blood cell of treated groups were relatively similar to the control. The white blood cell and haemoglobin values were lower than the control group while the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin were significantly difference across treatments however; an elevated glucose level was recorded in the treated groups. Also, the mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width were relatively similar across treatments. The serum testosterone, progesterone and estrogen were found to be higher in fish fed diet 2 (0.5ml/kg CP). C. populnea at 0.5ml/kg significantly (p0.05) improved eggs weight, fecundity, gonadosomatic index, % fertilization and hatchability. Male brood stocks fed on diet 2 (0.5ml/kg CP) recorded the highest values for sperm motility (56.67 0.33%), milt count and volume (820.33 0.33106/ml and 1.80 0.05ml respectively) across all groups. Similarly, diet 2 (0.5ml/kg CP) had the highest values for eggs weight (283.7102.4g), fecundity (168,286 57157), gonadosomatic index (32.59 2.72), fertilization (62 20.4%) and hatchability (62.92 19.75%).The dietary supplementation of 0.5 ml/kg C. populnea extract highly enhanced the reproductive profiles of male and female C. gariepinus brood stocks
Exploration and prevalence of gastrointestinal worm in buffalo from West Java, Central Java, East Java and Lombok, Indonesia
Full text linkThe studies of parasites in buffaloes have not been widely explored. The aim of the present study was to explore the prevalence of gastrointestinal worm infection in buffaloes. The fresh faecal samples were collected from 89 buffaloes and observed by a modified McMaster technique. The faecal of buffaloes were collected in Bogor, Demak, East Java, and Lombok. The results of identification on gastrointestinal parasites show that there were one cestode and eight nematode. The total prevalence and infestation of cestodes and nematodes was found highest in Bogor. The prevalence and infestation of differences in geographical conditions were found highest in Bogor. The prevalence of gastrointestinal worm in males were highest than female, whereas for larger was found in females. The prevalence of gastrointestinal worms was found at age 1 year, whereas a larger infestation was found at the age of 1-5 years. The calculation of FEC in Bogor was 840 EPG, in Demak 375 EPG, in East Java 570 EPG and in Lombok 13 EPG. This study informed that there were nine genera of gastrointestinal worm found in Java and five genera in Lombok. Types larvae were found six i.e Strongyloides, Haemonchus, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum, Bunostomum and free living larvae
Antibacterial activity of Actinomycetes symbiont with seaweeds: a prosperous agent of animal antibacterial
Full text linkCirculation of synthetic antibacterial chemicals which is used continuously can cause resistance to bacteria. Alternative synthetic antibiotics research then comes up as an urgent need. Recently, the discovery of new antibacterial agents is looking for Actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are one of the active marine bacteria which produce secondary metabolites that could be used as antibacterial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of Actinomycetes symbiont with Halimeda macroloba, Gelidiella acerosa, and Turbinaria ornata in Pangandaran beach, Indonesia. A total of 41 Actinomycetes were isolated from 3 species of seaweed. Rep PCR amplification method was used to characterize and identify the relationship between samples. Primer BOX A1R (5- CTACGGCAAGGCGACGCTGACGCTGACG-3), 27F (5'-AGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3') and 1492R (5'- TACGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3') was used in amplification 16s DNA. Six isolates from the representative cluster dendogram were selected for secondary metabolites extraction using ethyl acetate solvent, meanwhile agar diffusion method was used as Antibacterial activity assay using E. coli, Proteus sp., and Enterobacter sp. as the bacterial test. The results showed that the activity of secondary metabolite extracts of Actinomycetes symbiont with Halimeda macroloba presented the highest inhibition zone on 3 bacterial tests. In the future, it could be a potential antibacterial agent against animal pathogenic bacteria
Fish stock estimation in Sikka Regency Waters, Indonesia using Single Beam Echosounder (CruzPro fish finder PcFF-80) with hydroacoustic survey method
Full text linkSikka regency waters including fishery management with a high utilization status so that the necessary stages of an intensive monitoring and research potential of fish resources. This study aimed to obtain the estimated value of stock biomass and density of fish resources with the acoustic method. Quantitative data obtained will be a source of current information on the state of fish resources in the Sikka regency waters, Indonesia. The research was conducted in May 2015. Acoustic data retrieval, using instruments CruzPro fish finder PcFF-80 with sound velocity of 1516 m / s, power 2560 Watt, and method in survey acoustic use hydroacoustic long transect. The horizontal distribution shows a fluctuation striking at research location has the highest salinity levels in the range of 29.3-29.8 psu. Total biomass of fish in this study showed more the number is at a depth of 11-20 m that is 2,008 tons/km and at a depth of 1-10 m have the total fish biomass is 12.33 tons/km, single detection is done using a single target hydroacoustic show more dominance at a depth of 11-20 m in Sikka regency waters, MTB, Indonesia in May 2015. Number of data from results obtained by looking at the relationship between the number of the data with the total biomass in 1-10 m depth has equation Y = 0.0967x + 0.0486 with R2 is 0.0464 (4%) , while at a depth of 11-20 m has a regression equation is Y = 0.0003x + 0041 with the R2 is 0.0091 (0.9%). Variations in the data or the detection of single targets have variations over the data that is at a depth of 11-20 m with the lowest regression is 0.9%.Keywords: Hydroacoustic, Salinity, Biomass, Stock estimation, Sikka regency waters
Effects of ammonia toxicity on growth performance, cortisol, glucose and hematological response of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Full text linkAmmonia is a production limiting factor in the aquaculture media affecting fish production. A study was designed to scrutinize effects of ammonia on growth performance, survival, cortisol and hematological parameters of Tilapia fish. The study examined effects of 96 h-incubation of male and female Tilapia with 3 mg ammonium chloride per a liter of water compared to control. The study has been carried out in the physiology laboratory of the department of animal and fish production, Alexandria University. Fourteen aquaria were used (6 control and 8 ammoniated). Each aquarium contained 6 fish (half the population males and the other have females). Duration of the control reared fish was 30 days, however the duration for ammoniated group was 4 days. In all stressed fish, there found decreases in final body weight, average daily gain and specific growth rate as compared to controls. Hematological parameters revealed increases (P0.05) in total leukocyte counts in both males and females exposed to stressors. There were significant decreases (P0.05) in red blood cell, hematocrit value and hemoglobin concentration in both males and females. There were non-significant differences (P0.10) in these parameters between males and females. Exposing both male and female tilapia to ammonia, resulted in increases (P0.05) in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) didnt change in male tilapia, while females expressed increased MCH values in the ammonia condition. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) decreased (P0.05) under ammonia with no differences between males and females. Differential leukocyte count exhibited increases (P0.05) in neutrophils in ammonia-exposed males and females and decreases (P0.05) in eosinophils and monocytes in males, but not in females. However, lymphocytes decreased (P0.05) in both females and males exposed to ammonia. Cortisol level increased (P0.05) by about 2 folds in both sexes of fish exposed to ammonia (2.95 and 2.72 vs6.40 and 6.48 ng/ml in control males and females vs ammonia-exposed males and females).Rearing tilapia fish in media containing high level (3mg/l water) of ammonium chloride not only deteriorated growth rate but it also negatively affected the health wellbeing
The preliminary study on feeding behavior of male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in mangrove and rice field habitats based on peck frequency
Full text linkThe objective of the present study was to study the differences in feeding behavior from peck frequency and type of diets, between male and female little egret (Egretta garzetta) in two different habitats, mangrove and rice fields of Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia. Focal animal sampling was used to study the feeding behavior of randomly selected birds from 07.00 AM to 06.00 PM in July 2015. Statistical analysis was conducted using t-test to test for differences between male and female peck frequency and habitats. For the combined data of both males and females, the average peck frequency of little egret (E. garzetta) observed in the mangrove and rice fields was 238.8 and 226.2 respectively. Male E. garzetta peck frequency observed was 240 pecks in mangrove habitat while female peck frequency was 225 pecks in rice field habitat. The results of our study showed that there is a significant difference in the peck frequency of little egrets observed in the two habitats (mangrove and rice fields) and between male and female E. garzetta