Aceh Journal of Animal Science
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Dietary Feed Additive Microencapsulation Synbiotic on Physical Quality of Broiler Chicken Meat
Full text linkThis research aimed to investigate the microencapsulation of synbiotics that combine probiotics, Bacillus subtilis, with prebiotic MOS for poultry diet to influence the physical quality of poultry meat. The material used in this study was 100 one-day-old unsexed broilers Cobb 500. The birds were randomly divided into the following 4 experimental groups, with five replications: The treatments were (T1) basal diet (control) without microencapsulation Synbiotic, T2, T3, and T4 supplementation basal diet with 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% of microencapsulation synbiotics of Bacillus subtilis and MOS, respectively. The variables were physical qualities of poultry meat, including acidity (pH), cooking losses, water holding capacity (WHC), and hardness. The basal diet was formulated to meet completely the nutrient requirements broilers based on NRC (1994) recommendations. The dietary treatments were based on corn grain-soybean meal and balanced with other nutrients. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using the Statistical Package for Social Science or IBM SPSS Statistics version 26, significant differences among the means were determined by using Duncans multiple range test at P0.05. The results showed that the treatment groups did not have a significant effect (P value0.05) on the physical qualities of broiler meat, which are acidity (pH), cooking losses, water holding capacity (WHC), and tenderness. To conclude, supplementation of microencapsulation synbiotic has no negative effects on the physical qualities of the meat reflected in the value of all variables, which are in the normal range of the physical quality of broiler meat
Pig Management and Biosecurity Measures against African Swine-Fever (ASF) Disease: After the outbreak in Lagos State
Full text linkThis study identified management and biosecurity measures taken against ASF disease before and after the outbreak. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) pig farmers from fifteen communities represented the sample population in Lagos State. A structured questionnaire was used to gather information from farmers, and the data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that about 34% of respondents experienced the disease outbreak for the first time, while 66% had previously witnessed an outbreak. However, only 53.3% of the total respondents had experienced an ASF outbreak within the last three years. Management-wise, the majority of farms (90.8%) practiced an intensive management system, while the remaining 9.2% practiced a semi-intensive system. Most farmers (69.7%) sourced their water from boreholes. For health and safety, 35.5% of farmers reported burying their waste. Thirty-eight percent (38%) of respondents claimed occasional use of veterinary services for their livestock. It can be deduced from this study that a lack of adequate knowledge and training on biosecurity, the indiscriminate purchase of stock without quarantining, and reliance on water sources other than boreholes predisposed farmers to the disease. In conclusion, farmers are encouraged to establish strict biosecurity protocols, consistently use veterinary services, and ensure appropriate waste disposal to prevent contracting and spreading the disease
Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Cost-Efficiency of Broiler Chickens Administered Higher Doses of Yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe) and Larvacide
Full text linkThe use of plant-based additives has helped in the improvement of feed utilization, performance, and poultry welfare. Yohimbe is a botanical additive that could be used to achieve these objectives. A total of 225 broiler chickens were randomly into five (5) treatment groups. The group includes: T1 = Control, T2 = 5mg/kg Larvicide, T3 = 240 mg/kg Yohimbe, T4 = 300mg/kg Yohimbe, T5 = 360mg/kg Yohimbe was further divided into 3 replicates. All replicate groups had 15 chickens each with relatively similar live weights. Feed was served to chickens ad libitum at the starter and finisher phases, while data were collected on intake, growth, and later, feed digestibility. Results showed that chickens served 300mg/kg Yohimbe diet had better digestion of carbohydrates, energy, crude fiber, and livability, while other performance parameters were unaffected. It is therefore concluded that Yohimbe can be included up to 300 mg/kg, above which there was a decline in the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens
Gastrointestinal Parasites in Birds at Taman Rusa, Aceh Besar
Full text linkCaptive animals are not immune to infectious diseases, including parasitic infections that can be fatal. Prolonged periods of captivity can increase the likelihood of transmission between animals and humans. This study was conducted to identify and document the parasites that infect birds housed at Taman Rusa in the Aceh Besar District. The collected fecal samples were placed in labeled sample bottles containing formalin and stored in ice boxes. Fecal samples were collected, preserved in 10% formalin, and examined using flotation, sedimentation, formol-ether, and modified Ziehl-Neelsen techniques. The data obtained from the examination of the fecal samples were tabulated and descriptively analyzed. The results of fecal sample examinations carried out on 60 birds (representing 28 species) indicated that 39 birds (19 species) were infected with parasites. The nematode class included Heterakis sp. (3.33%), Capillaria sp. (13.3%), Trichuris sp. (6.67%), and Strongyloides sp. (8.3%). The cestode class included Hymenolepis sp. (10%), while the trematode class included Neodiplostomum sp. (1.67%). Additionally, the class Conoidasida protozoa included Eimeria sp. (33.3%) and Isospora sp. (1.67%). The highest prevalence of helminth infection was observed in Capillaria sp. infection (13.3%), while Eimeria sp. exhibited the highest prevalence of protozoan infection (35%). The findings deliver valuable guidance for veterinary health management, disease surveillance, and biosecurity strategies in avian conservation facilities. The identification of parasites with established pathogenic and zoonotic potential, including Strongyloides sp. and Capillaria sp., highlights the significance of these results for both avian health and potential public health risks
Effectiveness of Green Feed and Tofu Dregs Mixture on Rectal Temperature, Heart Rate and Respiratory Frequency of Sheep
No full textSheep feed sources can be provided in the form of forage and tofu dregs, and the most important thing is feed that meets the needs of protein, carbohydrates, fat, and vitamins and minerals. This study aims to determine the effect of feeding between forage and tofu dregs on rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate. This study was conducted from October to November 2024. The design used in this study was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The results of the study can be concluded that the effect of providing different forage and tofu dregs showed no significant difference (P 0.05) on rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate of sheep. The highest average rectal temperature was seen in treatment D, which was 37.740C and the lowest average was in treatment B, which was 37.640C. The highest average heart rate was seen in treatment D, which was 64.84 times/minute and the lowest average was in treatment B, which was 58.04 times/minute. The highest average respiratory frequency was seen in treatment D, namely 71.93 times/minute and the lowest average was seen in treatment A, namely 66.49 times/minute
Impact of Antidepressant Fluoxetine on Female Fertility Using Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an Experimental Model
Full text linkAquatic ecosystems are increasingly contaminated by pharmaceutical pollutants, including antidepressants such as fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Detected in water-bodies, wastewater, and fish, fluoxetine poses potential risks to environmental and reproductive health. This study investigates the impact of fluoxetine exposure on zebrafish fertility, as SSRIs are known to influence reproductive function in humans. Five adult male-female zebrafish pairs were maintained in 10-litre tanks at 28C under a 14-hour light and 10-hour dark cycle and fed a high-protein diet thrice daily. To establish baseline fertility, each pair was initially spawned once, and the resulting eggs were discarded. The experiment was conducted over three cycles. In Cycle-1, pairs were separated for five days with daily water changes and allowed to spawn on Day-6. Total eggs and live eggs (clear and transparent) were recorded, with dead eggs (cloudy and opaque). In Cycle-2, both sexes were exposed to 3.2 g/L fluoxetine daily for five days before spawning. In Cycle-3, the same protocol as Cycle-1 was repeated without fluoxetine to observe delayed effects. Mean egg-counts were 231(14) in Cycle-1, 427(57) in Cycle-2, and 442(31) in Cycle-3. Significant difference (p0.05) between Cycle-1 vs Cycle-2 and Cycle-1 vs Cycle-3 was observed, while no significant difference was found between Cycle-2 and Cycle-3 (p0.05). Similarly, the proportion of live eggs declined across cycles: 47%(543/1155) in Cycle-1, 33%(704/2139) in Cycle-2, and 29%(641/2212) in Cycle-3. The decline was statistically significant between Cycle-1 vs Cycle-2 and Cycle-1 vs Cycle-3 (p0.05), but the difference between Cycle-2 and Cycle-3 was not significant (p0.05). A strong negative correlation was observed between total egg output and the proportion of live eggs. These findings suggest that fluoxetine enhances egg production while reducing egg viability. This underscores the reproductive toxicity of environmental fluoxetine exposure in aquatic species, with potential implications for human health. The study highlights pharmaceutical pollutions interconnected ecological and reproductive impacts
Sexual Dimorphism in Scavenging Muscovy Ducks (Cairina moschata): Differences in their Growth Traits, Physiological and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters
Full text linkThe Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a widely distributed domestic waterfowl species known for its adaptability and scavenging behaviour. This study investigates the impacts of sex on growth traits, physiological, and haemato-biochemical parameters in scavenging adult Muscovy ducks. 100 adult Muscovy ducks (27 males and 73 females) were sampled from free-ranging scavenging populations. Data were collected on growth traits, physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters. The data collected were subjected to t-test and correlation analyses. The results showed significant sexual dimorphism in growth traits, with male Muscovy ducks consistently outperforming females. Body temperature and rectal temperature did not show a significant (p0.05) difference. Significant (p0.05) differences in heartbeats and respiratory rates were observed. Males exhibited higher mean values for PCV, RBC, Hb, WBC, and MCHC. Females demonstrated higher mean values for platelets, MCV, MCH and Neutrophils. Serum biochemical parameters showed no significant effect (p0.05) in all the variables except in urea, in which males had a higher value. Sex-related variations are essential for optimizing management practices, assessing health status, and increasing the productivity of Muscovy ducks
New Distribution Record and Genetic Relationship of Bottlenose Wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae) Found in the Waters of Meulaboh, West Aceh
Full text linkBottlenose Wedgefishes are fish that belong to the subclass Elasmobranchii, which are cartilaginous fish. West Aceh waters are one of the areas directly connected to the Indian Ocean. Bottlenose Wedgefish can be found in the Indian Ocean. Some information on Bottlenose Wedgefish DNA has now developed molecular approaches, which provide a fast and precise alternative to identify species. This research activity aims to report the presence of Bottlenose Wedgefish sharks (Rhynchobatus australiae) and analyze the relationship between Bottlenose Wedgefish sharks found in West Aceh with other regions. This research was conducted from October to December 2021. The specimens were taken from the Ujong Baroh Fish Landing Site (PPI), West Aceh, and analyzed at the Laboratory of Genetics and Aquatic Biodiversity, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The results of the study resulted in several conclusions, namely the Query Cover value of Meulaboh 1 and Meulaboh 2 samples of 93%. The Ident value of 99.70%-99.85% indicates that the same species is R. australiae. Thymine (T) nucleotide composition is 30.8%, Cytosine (C) is 24.9%, Adenine (A) is 27.4%, and Guanine (G) is 16.9%. Based on the results of phylogenetic tree reconstruction, the relationship between Rhynchobatus australiae Meulaboh samples 1 and 2 has a close kinship with Rhynchobatus australiae from India1, India2, India3, Malaysia1, Indonesia3, and Indonesia5. This research confirms the presence of Rhynchobatus australiae in West Aceh and establishes a close genetic link to regional populations
Abundance, Morphometrics, Length-Weight Relationship, and Condition Factors of Lola Snails (Rochia Niloticus L) in the Waters of Sarang Island, Belakang Padang, Batam
Full text linkLola snails (Rochia niloticus) are biota that are widely consumed by coastal communities in Batam waters. Even though it is not a favored commodity, exploitation that does not consider sustainability can lead to population scarcity in nature. This research aims to collect comprehensive data regarding the abundance, morphometrics, and weight-length relationship of Lola snails in the waters of Sarang Island, Batam. Sampling was carried out at 3 locations, including Kajang, Piring, and Layang Islands. The Lola snail sampling method was carried out using purposive sampling. Water quality measurements are carried out in situ. Morphometric data were collected by measuring the body dimensions of Lola snails using digital calipers. Abundance was determined based on the number of individuals per unit area, and the length-weight relationship was analyzed using linear regression to determine growth patterns. The research results show that the condition of the aquatic environment still meets the environmental quality standards set by the Ministry of Environment No. 51 of 2004. The abundance of Lola snails was in range of 0.22- 0.97 ind/m2, and the highest was found on Kajang Island. The results of morphometric measurements showed that the highest shell length, weight, and shell width were observed in Lola snail samples from Kajang Island with values of 48.40 25.28 mm, 68.77 101.55 mg, and 44.42 23.28 mm. There is a relationship between the growth patterns of Lola snails caught at three stations which have negative allometric growth patterns, where Kajang Island, Piring Island, and Layang Island have negative allometric growth patterns (b3) with exponential values of 0.9685, 1.5121, and 2.5471, respectively. The value of relative weight condition factor (Wr) shows a value close to 100 on Kajang, Piring, and Layang Island, namely 102.753 and 104.812, 99.654, which indicates that Lola snails were in good condition during the research
Effect of Fermented Cassava Peel with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in the Diet on the Performance of Indigenous Chicken
Full text linkoai:jurnal.usk.ac.id:article/48964Feed cost is a major challenge in poultry production, prompting the need for alternative feed resources to reduce dependency on conventional ingredients. Cassava peel, an abundant agro-industrial by-product, offers potential as a feed ingredient. This study aimed to determine the effect of fermented cassava peel (FCP) flour using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the growth performance of indigenous chickens. A total of 100 day old chicks were allocated to five dietary treatments with four replications in a completely randomized design (CRD): Control (T0) (0% FCP), T1 (15% FCP), T2 (20% FCP), T3 (25% FCP), and T4 (30% FCP). Data on feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were collected over eight weeks and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncans Multiple Range Test at 5% significance. Results show that the inclusion of FCP up 40% had no significant effect (P0.05) on FI, BWG, and FCR. These findings indicate that FCP flour can replace conventional feed ingredients in indigenous chicken without compromising growth performances. Further research is recommended to optimize feed formulation by balancing nutrient content and selecting effective fermenting microorganisms to fully harness the benefit of FCP in poultry production systems