1955 research outputs found
Sort by
Gigmetar, an Instrument for Informing Policy: New Kind of Data for New Forms of Employment
No full textEntrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Serbia: Evidence from Different Fields of Study
Get PDFThis paper aims to examine entrepreneurial intentions to
anticipate future entrepreneurial behavior of undergraduate students
enrolled in two different fields of study at the same university. Following
the theory of planned behavior, empirical relationships between
entrepreneurial intention and its determinants are established. The data
were collected using an especially tailored survey questionnaire, while
students of business economics and electrical engineering were
attending their courses. Three antecedents were tested in relation to
entrepreneurial intentions. Correlation analysis confirmed that
attitudes toward entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control, and
subjective norms form positive and statistically significant associations
with entrepreneurial intentions. However, certain differences between
these two groups of students' stances related to the items that describe
the determinants of entrepreneurial intentions are confirmed. This
requires additional attention and remains for future research
Smoking patterns during COVID-19: Evidence from Serbia
Get PDFINTRODUCTION Recent research shows that in many countries, smokers who increased
smoking during the COVID-19 pandemic outnumbered those who decreased
it, despite higher exposure to COVID-19 severity and death. In this study, we
compared changes in smoking behavior in the initial and later stages of the
pandemic and factors associated with lower smoking intensity.
METHODS We conducted two survey rounds on representative samples, the first in
the initial stage of the pandemic (11–19 May 2020) and the second in the latter
stage (4–11 June 2021), in Serbia. Multinomial logistic regression was run to
estimate associations between smokers’ characteristics and lower smoking intensity.
In contrast to most studies that assess psychological factors affecting smoking in the
pandemic, we focused on factual determinants of the change in smoking intensity.
RESULTS The share of smokers who claimed to smoke more increased significantly,
from 22.7% in May 2020 to 35.2% in June 2021. The share of smokers who
reported a decrease in smoking only slightly increased, from 11.7% to 13.3%. The
persistence of the pandemic considerably increased intentions to cease smoking,
from 26.3% to 40%. Higher education (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=2.11; 95% CI:
1.08–4.13), income fall (AOR=2.14; 95% CI: 1.11–4.11), occasional smoking
(AOR=4.24; 95% CI: 2.26–7.96) and recovery from COVID-19 (AOR=2.38; 95%
CI: 1.23–4.60) increased the odds to reduce smoking during the pandemic.
CONCLUSIONS Most smokers are unaware that consuming tobacco products increases
exposure to health risks related to COVID-19, but those who get coronavirus
infected tend to reduce smoking. This research highlights that tobacco control
policy needs to be more proactive in creating public campaigns which demonstrate
the severity of COVID-19 impact on smokers’ health. Such campaigns should
mainly target those groups of smokers who are less able to curb their smoking
intensity
The Sources of Serbian Budgetary Imbalances in a Time of Transition, Crisis and Global Pandemics
Get PDFThis chapter evaluates the empirical relevance of specific cause-and-effect hypotheses
that govern the dynamic relationship between government revenues and primary
expenditures in the case of the Republic of Serbia after the year 2000. The results of
the structural VAR model show that the institutional separation hypothesis is the most
plausible explanation for the formation of structural budget imbalances in the case of
Serbia between 2001Q1 and 2021Q3
"Dva plana i dva maršala" u svetlu jugoslovensko-američkih odnosa (1947-1951)
Get PDFCilj ovog rada jeste da analizira jugoslovenski odnos prema programu ekonomskog oporavka evropskih zemalja koji je poneo ime američkog državnog
sekretara Džordža Maršala, ali istovremeno svojevrsnoj američkoj političkoj agendi u ranoj fazi Hladnog rata. Proklamovanje Maršalovog plana, koincidiralo je sa
periodom otpočinjanja Prvog petogodišnjeg plana privrednog razvitka Jugoslavije,
odnosno vremenom izrazitih potreba za ekonomskom pomoći iz inostranstva. Na poziciju Jugoslavije, smeštene „između dva Plana“, kao i na tok jugoslovensko-američkih odnosa tokom posmatranog razdoblja od 1947. do 1951. godine, bitno se odrazio
raskol maršala Tita i Staljina. Udaljavanje od bliskih političkih, ekonomskih i
ideoloških saveznika uticalo je na promenu jugoslovenske spoljne politike traženja
prostora u hladnoratovskom svetu. Uzimajući u obzir širok dijapazon objavljenih i
neobjavljenih, kako jugoslovenskih, tako i američkih izvora, a rasvetljavanjem karakteristika jugoslovenskog privrednog sistema u ovom radu će se pratiti neraskidive
veze između potreba ekonomije i diktata spoljne politike
Is there a Gender Gap in Financial Inclusion Worldwide?
Get PDFThis paper aims to examine the differences between men and women in 7 segments related to financial inclusion: 1) owning an account with a financial institution; 2) savings at a financial institution; 3) borrowing from a financial institution; 4) owning a credit card, 5) using a mobile phone or the Internet to access an account; 6) using the Internet to pay bills or to buy something online; 7) making or receiving digital payments. The research is based on the Global Findex Database 2017. The sample comprises 144 countries worldwide. The authors applied the nonparametric Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test using a 95% confidence interval. The Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks test showed statistically significant differences between men and women in all segments related to financial inclusion. Regarding this, policymakers of individual countries, especially Saudi Arabia, Kenya, Turkey, Hong Kong, Italy, Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, and Bahrain, should develop financial inclusion strategies by focusing on measures to increase and improve women’s financial inclusion, especially in the segments related to making or receiving digital payments and owning an account with a financial institution
Business process innovations in family firms: evidence from Serbia
Get PDFPurpose – This paper aims to explore the innovation performance of Serbian family firms, the differences in
the innovation performance between family and non-family firms as well as different family firms, and the
relationship between business process innovation and customer satisfaction among family firms.
Design/methodology/approach – The sample consists of 207 valid responses from young Serbian
companies from various industries founded in 2015 that published their financial statements in 2017. The
statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, independent samples t-test, one-way
ANOVA, and correlation analysis.
Findings – The study results indicate that family businesses in Serbia are innovation-oriented and that they
introduced a number of innovations in business processes related to the production and distribution of goods or
services and the development of products and business processes. The results also suggest that family and nonfamily firms are equally committed to introducing innovations in business processes. In addition, the study did not
confirm significant differences in the performance of business process innovations among family firms in the
manufacturing, trade, and service sectors. Finally, the results demonstrate that introducing business process
innovations is positively associated with customer satisfaction and customer retention rate in Serbian family firms.
Originality/value – This paper presents the first comprehensive analysis of the innovation performance of
Serbian family firms and can help policymakers assess the contribution of innovation to economic goals
Planned behaviour, gender, and attitudes towards entrepreneurship among business economics and electrical engineering students
Get PDFThis paper examines entrepreneurial intentions in the
context of life course transitions among undergraduate
students enrolled in the economics and electrical engineering faculties of the University of Belgrade. The entrepreneurial intention model is built upon the theory of planned
behaviour, examining the associations between students’
willingness to become an entrepreneur, their attitudes and
perceptions about the importance of subjective norms,
and perceived behavioural control variables. The data
comes from a self-administered survey. The results show
that attitudes towards entrepreneurship and behavioural
control factors form positive and statistically significant
associations with students’ future entrepreneurial orien�tation, while subjective norms and risk-willingness add a
little explanatory power to the initial regression models.
In order to better understand the initial stage of life course
transitions among the students, single regressions are
estimated. All the factors appear as statistically significant
with meaningful coefficient values, further showing that
entrepreneurial prediction is highly gendered and depends
on what faculty the student attends. This paper reveals for
policy practitioners the main characteristics of young entrepreneurs-to-be and their understanding of the process
of creating a business venture
IoT Application Model in Secondary Education
No full textThe implementation of certain smart classroom services in the educational process makes it possible to increase the efficiency and quality of the teaching process, as well as the level of competence of students, with low financial investments and a short process of teacher training. The application of the Internet of Things and mobile technologies improves the quality of teaching, making it more interesting for students, thus technologies have significant potential for improving teaching and learning in all educational sectors. The advantage of this way of working is in the application of mobile technologies that students already use. Organizing the teaching process in smart learning environments enables quality and faster communication of students with teachers, active participation of students, and a better type of teaching as well as the efficient exchange of information in the teaching process. The research presented in the paper aims to point out the possibilities of improving the learning process in secondary education by applying pervasive technologies. The proposed model was evaluated with secondary school students
Economy-environment nexus in developed European countries: Evidence from multifractal and wavelet analysis
No full textThe relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth has become a prominent topic in recent decades, increasing multidisciplinary approaches across a wide range of studies. Analyzing the economyenvironment nexus is significant because most countries attempt to limit environmental deterioration while pursuing economic growth. This paper studies the non-linear cross-correlations between economic growth and environmental degradation on a sample of five developed European countries - France, Germany, Spain, Norway,
and the United Kingdom. The study is performed using two approaches: multifractal detrended crosscorrelation analysis and wavelet-based analysis. According to the empirical tests, there are non-linear crosscorrelations between economic growth and environmental degradation in all five countries. For each country,
multifractal metrics such as Hurst exponents, scaling exponents, and multifractal spectra are computed to
show the significance of all time-series pairs. The strongest multifractal features have been observed in France,
Norway, and Spain. Shuffling the series suggests that multifractality in the cross-correlations arises both from a
broad probability density function and from different long-term correlations. Wavelets are applied to detrend
all data sets before computing the cross-correlation. Moreover, the wavelet coherence is computed as a measure
for analyzing interdependencies across time and frequencies. Except for France and Spain, Wavelet-detrended
cross-correlation values are considerably lower than cross-correlation values of the raw data sets, which indicates that the interdependence between growth and environmental degradation is rather long-term. In terms
of wavelet coherence, results vary among the countries, with France and Spain showing the highest and most
persistent coherence values