1955 research outputs found
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Categorizing enterprises through advanced operating profit margin metrics
Get PDFThe research objective is to test the potential for overcoming limitations in the interpretation of ratios,
with a focus on Operating Profit Margin (OPM). The research examines the OPM values of 43 enterprises
over five consecutive accounting periods. It uses Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to determine the
range of OPM values and assess financial performance more dynamically. The methodology focuses on
calculating the OPM for each enterprise, followed by a categorization into successful, neutral or bankrupt
based on the financial results derived from the financial reports. This research not only challenges
traditional financial ratio analysis, but also contributes to strategic financial management by allowing a
more detailed categorization of enterprises based on their operational profitability, thus providing a robust
tool for financial decision making and predictive analysis
Right before your eyes, yet unnoticed: A comparison of the growth of online labour in various countries in Southeast Europe
No full textThis paper focuses on the increasing prominence of digital labour platforms in the labour markets of Southeast Europe, and compares the supply of online labour from nine selected countries: Serbia, Romania, Hungary, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, North Macedonia, and Bulgaria. Digital labour platforms, as an innovative business model, play an important role in today’s labour markets by linking the demand and supply of digital work. Southeast Europe is no exception to this trend, and has become an important supplier of online labour. With the impact of the Covid–19 pandemic, this and other new forms of employment further increased both globally and in Southeast Europe. Despite this trend, online labour often remains invisible and under the radar of national policymakers and regulators, as well as national statistical agencies, due to the globalised nature of online platforms. This paper aims to shed light on the development of online labour in the countries studied, based on publicly available data collected through Gigmetar, a web scraping tool designed to monitor trends on the number, gender, incomes, and occupations of online workers. The paper compares online labour from nine countries active on the most significant general digital labour platforms (Upwork, Freelancer, and Guru) from February 2022 to October 2022. The criteria for the comparison include occupations, gender and income. The analysis is based on the data of approximately 80% of the total number of active digital workers on the platforms under investigation.
The paper points out the similarities and differences in online labour between the countries of Southeast Europe. For example, the number of online workers increased in all the countries, with creative services and multimedia and software development comprising the most dominant occupations in each country. Moreover, men are more commonly represented in these digital markets than women
Left Behind in COVID-19 Times: The Effect of Income Support Measures on Vulnerable Groups in Serbia
No full textThe chapter analyses the effects of income support measures implemented during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic on poverty and income inequality in Serbia and proposes more efficient alternatives. Results indicate a decrease in poverty and inequality in 2020, compared to 2019, with much of the observed reduction due to the universal cash transfer to the adult population (UCT). However, UCT had high expenditures and contributed to the between-group inequalities increase. The second main measure: transfer to pensioners and social assistance recipients was poorly targeted, as pensioners had below-average poverty rates before the pandemic. Children and the unemployed, who had the highest pre-pandemic poverty rates, were not targeted by specific support measures. In the case of future extreme events, when formulating income support measures, the government should consider pre-crisis differences in income distribution and assess the impact of the crisis on different groups
Financing Start-Up Projects in Circular Economy: Does Crowdfunding Fit?
No full textFinancing a green and circular economy is a multi-level problem for entrepreneurs, businesses, local governments, and nations worldwide. Alternative methods of finance have become increasingly popular as a means of obtaining necessary funds due to the advancement of modern technology. Crowdfunding is one example of such a capital network. This chapter emphasizes the role of crowdfunding in financing start-ups oriented towards sustainable, green, or circular projects, exploring their likelihood of success. We hypothesized that start-up projects that use circular economy principles have a better chance of raising the desired amount of money from the crowd. We collected data for the study from the “Kaggle.com” open-source repository. Our findings show that campaigns oriented to the concept of circularity differ from others in several parameters. Campaigns with circularity elements target higher amounts of funds and raise more money. They are also more often chosen as a staff pick. Along with this, the results of econometric estimates support the conclusion that campaigns with circular orientation are more likely to be successful
Importance of the Agro-Food System for Economic Development in Selected LMICs
Get PDFPrimary agricultural production and the food industry jointly represent the
agro-food system of one country. This system has an important role in the economic development of the Republic of Serbia, which according to the World
Bank classification, belongs to the group of LMICs. The aim of this paper is to
validate the strategic role of the agro-food system in the economic structure
of low- and middle-income countries and its contribution to overall economic development. Applied criteria for selecting the countries for the analysis
were: gross national income per capita, territorial affiliation (geographical
position), and CEFTA agreement. Based on such criteria, the sample countries include Serbia, Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, and North Macedonia.
Indicators of the contribution to economic development are created using
secondary data and divided into four categories: employment indicators, activity indicators, population indicators, and economic indicators. The period
covered by this analysis is from 2013 to 2018
Is There a Relationship Between Country Development and Citizens’ Level of Digital Skills?
Get PDFThis paper examines the relationship between citizens' level of digital skills and country development. Country development is measured by Gross National Income per capita (GNI p.c.), while digital skills are measured by the World Economic Forum. Data were gathered from the World Bank databases for 2019 from 135 countries worldwide. Correlation analysis was used for the analysis. The results of the correlation analysis show a significant strong positive linear relationship between digital skills and GNI p.c., indicating the importance of country development in developing adequate levels of the crucial skills of the 21st century – digital skills and vice vers
The influence of the number of patents on the economic growth of the country – evidence from Serbia and Hungary
Get PDFBackground: One of the indicators of a country's innovation is the total number of registered patents. This
paper analyzes the number of registered patents and the impact they can have on the country's economic
growth and innovation. .
Purpose: The paper aims to determine whether there is a positive impact of market verification of the results of
research and development activities, measured by the number of patents per million inhabitants, on economic
growth and the growth of innovation in the country.
Study design/methodology/approach: Quantitative research design was applied in the analysis since the
task was to investigate the influence of the number of patents on the economic growth of the country. The
empirical research covered two countries - Serbia and Hungary. It used secondary data from the international
databases of the World Bank and World Intellectual Property Organization, covering the period from 2008 to
2018.
Finding/conclusions: The results of the empirical research showed that the increase in the number of patents
per million inhabitants contributes only to the innovation index's growth in Hungary. On the other hand, in the
case of Serbia, there is no statistically significant relationship between the number of patents per million
inhabitants and the country's innovation index, or the number of patents per million inhabitants and GDP per
capita.
Limitations/future research: The limitations are: the small number of analyzed countries and the number of
indicators analyzed. Therefore, in the framework of future research, it would be desirable to expand the analysis
to more countries and establish the impact of patents on more indicators of innovation
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on international trade flows in Serbia
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the global business
environment, and these consequences have been heterogeneous across
countries. This work contributes to the scarce literature that has been
published considering the COVID-19 pandemic’s impacts on Serbian foreign
trade. We analyzed the structure of Serbian imports and exports over the
period 2019-2020, with a particular focus on the manufacturing sector
being the most significant contributor to the Serbian international trade
flows. The analysis shows that the structure of Serbian imports and exports,
after the initial volatility following the outbreak of the pandemic in 2021,
has stabilized and remained resilient to the impact of the COVID-19
pandemic, with very few exemptions
