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VITAMIN D AND SEROTONIN’S ROLE IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
Full text linkAbstract
Vitamin D is known to play an active role in the development of nerve cells, as well as regulating the expression of one of the important genes in serotonin metabolism, namely THP2. Vitamin D and serotonin play an important role in the development of various neuropsychiatric diseases, Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Method: An article review was carried out by tracing various scientific literature relating to theories regarding the relationship of vitamin D and Serotonin, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders related to metabolic disorders and the production of vitamin D and serotonin. Results: The biological activity of vitamin D is mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The bonding complex between VDR and VDRE in the promoter of a gene will initiate the transcription process, one of which is TPH2, which plays an active role in the synthesis of brain serotonin. Serotonin has an important role as a neurotransmitter, hormone and morphogen for the brain. This neurotransmitter have important functions in the brain in controlling appetite, energy expenditure, sleep, body temperature, mood, and social cognition. Conclusion: Vitamin D plays an active role in the transcription of TPH2, which plays an active role in the synthesis of brain serotonin. Vitamin D facilitate tryptophan metabolism by increasing TPH2 to synthesize serotonin. Disruption of vitamin D levels will change serotonin levels and function in the brain, resulting in impaired behavior and executive brain function.
Keyword: Vitamin D, Serotonin, Autism, Autism Spectrum Disorde
THE EFFECT OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION TRAINING ON IMPROVING WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS MOTIVATION SAMBAS DISTRICT
Full text linkeffect of Achievement motivation training on improving the achievement motivation of Women Entrepreneurs in Sambas Regency. This research is quasi-experimental, research subject, Sambas Regency Women Entrepreneurs. This study uses population research as a research subject, so this study uses all members of the population as research subjects. The research instrument used a questionnaire of 30 items and had been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used SPSS 20. The results of the study after the Women Entrepreneurs were given achievement motivation training results obtained 5 Women Entrepreneurs with low motivation criteria, 29 Women Entrepreneurs with moderate motivation criteria and 14 Women Entrepreneurs with high achievement motivation criteria. Based on the results of the posttest, it can be seen that there is a decrease in the number of women entrepreneurs who have low achievement motivation from 19 women entrepreneurs to 5 women entrepreneurs, on the contrary, there is an increase in the number of women entrepreneurs who have a moderate achievement, from 21 women entrepreneurs to 29 women entrepreneurs. Criteria for Women Entrepreneurs High achievement motivation also increased from 8 women entrepreneurs to 14 women entrepreneurs.
Keyword: Achievement Motivation Training, Woman Entrepreneurs
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek dari pelatihan motivasi prestasi dalam meningkatkan motivasi pencapaian wirausahawan perempuan di Kabupaten Sambas. Penelitian ini adalah kuasi-eksperimental, subyek penelitian, pengusaha perempuan Kabupaten Sambas. Studi ini menggunakan penelitian populasi sebagai subyek penelitian, jadi studi ini menggunakan semua anggota dari populasi sebagai subyek penelitian. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner 30 item dan telah diuji untuk validitas dan kehandalan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan SPSS 20. Hasil penelitian setelah pengusaha perempuan diberi hasil pelatihan motivasi prestasi yang diperoleh 5 perempuan pengusaha dengan kriteria motivasi rendah, 29 perempuan pengusaha dengan kriteria motivasi moderat dan 14 perempuan pengusaha dengan kriteria motivasi prestasi tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil posttest, dapat dilihat bahwa ada penurunan jumlah perempuan pengusaha yang memiliki motivasi prestasi rendah dari 19 perempuan pengusaha menjadi 5 perempuan pengusaha, sebaliknya, ada peningkatan jumlah perempuan pengusaha yang memiliki prestasi moderat, dari 21 perempuan pengusaha menjadi 29 perempuan pengusaha. Kriteria untuk perempuan pengusaha prestasi tinggi motivasi juga meningkat dari 8 perempuan pengusaha menjadi 14 perempuan pengusaha.
Kata kunci: pelatihan motivasi prestasi, perempuan pengusah
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION FOR TODLER
Full text linkABSTRACT
This paper derived from the results of a study entitled Language Acquisition in 2.5-Year Old Children. At The age of 2.5, a normal child can utterance to phonemes, and limited words in accordance with with their environment and the objects around them. In addition, the words that came out were still fragmented and the words were still slipped. At The age of 2.3 to 2,5 years, the words produced have begun to increase and start from nouns and verbs. Treasury development has begun with abstract nouns. While nouns and verbs are also obtained as a result of repetition from the acquisition of either friends, Brothers, or parents. At The age of 2,5 years children can assemble simple words, ranging from one, two to three words, and finally make sentences.
Keywords: acquisition, Language, todler
ABSTRAK
Tulisan ini berangkat dari hasil penelitian yang berjudul Pemerolehan Bahasa Pada Anak Usia 2,5 Tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran bahwa pada umur 2,5 tahun, seorang anak yang normal sudah dapat mengucapkan fonem-fonem, dan kata yang terbatas sesuai dengan lingkungannya dan benda-benda yang ada di sekitarnya. Selain itu, kata-kata yang keluar adalah masih terpotong-potong dan ucapannya masih terpeleset. Pada umur 2,3 sampai 2,5 tahun, kata-kata yang diproduksinya sudah mulai bertambah dan mulai dari kata-kata benda dan kata kerja. Perkernbangan perbendaharaan bahasanya sudah mulai dengan kata-kata benda yang abstrak. Sementara kata-kata benda dan kata kerja juga bertambah diakibatkan oleh repetisi dari pemerolehan baik dari teman, kakak, maupun orang tuanya secara sadar maupun tidak sadar. Pada umur 2,5 tahun anak sudah bisa merangkai kata-kata secara sederhana, mulai dari satu, dua sampai tiga kata, dan akhirnya membentuk kalimat.
Kata Kunci: Pemerolehan, Bahasa, Ana
THE ROLE OF FAMILY IN DEVELOPING EARLY CHILDHOOD POTENSIAL
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the role of parents in developing children’s potential and indentify various problems faced. Parents are not only the instrument in developing children’s potential, but their presence as a place of first learning contributes to influence other factors such as schoold and the environment. By special study with descriptive qualitative research types, and strengthened by revelant literature to answer or confirm the research findings. The result of study indicate the stage of children’s education should be carried out in the womb up to six years old. Each child’s potential for development respectively, careful in understanding of the child’s potential will determine accuracy in facilitating their needs. Millenial era is a challange for parents in controlling child’s will especially in using gadget, as anticipation not having a bad impact but also doesn’t deny the great benefit
RELIGION GAP IN FAMILY (STUDY OF COMMUNITY OF SINGKAWANG CITY WEST KALIMANTAN)
Full text linkThere are so many social impacts in marriages of different religions and cultures. For example, the problem of education, or the religiousness of children which can change at any time and can not be controlled when the child faces social problems. This paper illustrates how the family life of the multicultural society in West Kalimantan in Singkawang City which is married in different religion but until the end of life remains harmonious. Using the communication psychology approach and the Psychological Theory of Piaget's Cognitive Development . Data obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. According to the research, the differences are caused by cultures brought down from generation to generation, the existence of relentlessness and the ability to adapt to change when the child has decided to choose a religion, parents of different religions tend to be prepared for the consequences of being different religious families. There is also unique finding from this study, that interpersonal communication is effective in establishing intimate and harmonious relationships but has not been able to reduce the inner conflict experienced by child informants as children of couples of different religious parent. In addition, harmonious relationships do not guarantee the success and effectiveness of children in making decisions.
Keywords: parents parenting, families of different religions, decision making
Ada begitu banyak dampak sosial dalam pernikahan dari berbagai agama dan budaya. Misalnya, masalah pendidikan, atau religiusitas anak yang dapat berubah setiap saat dan tidak dapat dikendalikan ketika anak menghadapi masalah sosial. Makalah ini menggambarkan bagaimana kehidupan keluarga masyarakat multikultural di Kalimantan Barat di Kota Singkawang yang menikah di berbagai agama tetapi sampai akhir hayat tetap harmonis. Menggunakan pendekatan psikologi komunikasi dan Teori Psikologis Perkembangan Kognitif Piaget. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Menurut penelitian, perbedaan itu disebabkan oleh budaya yang diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi, keberadaan tanpa belas kasihan dan kemampuan untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan ketika anak telah memutuskan untuk memilih agama, orang tua dari berbagai agama cenderung siap untuk konsekuensi. menjadi keluarga agama yang berbeda. Ada juga temuan unik dari penelitian ini, bahwa komunikasi interpersonal efektif dalam membangun hubungan yang intim dan harmonis tetapi belum mampu mengurangi konflik batin yang dialami oleh informan anak sebagai anak-anak dari pasangan pasangan orang tua yang berbeda agama. Selain itu, hubungan yang harmonis tidak menjamin kesuksesan dan efektivitas anak dalam membuat keputusan.
Kata kunci: pengasuhan orang tua, keluarga dari berbagai agama, pengambilan keputusa
Pendidikan Teman Sebaya (Peer Education) sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Perdagangan Manusia
Full text linkHuman trafficking has globally become the problems which is passed through border area in some countries. The crime does not merely have an impact on social aspects, but also on other aspects such as politics, social, and culture. Therefore, no wonder that the human trafficking case is on the top five of hugest crimes in the world. Then, it is really difficult to wipe out. Furthermore, the efforts to eradicate human trafficking have been undertaken on many ways. One of them is to enforce the strict laws for perpetrators. Nevertheless, this action has been considered ineffective to lessen the human trafficking case, even for some cases, this crime develops more. Moreover, the new model of slavery is still occured and has an effect on Human Rights cases. Therefore, peer education could be one of alternative solutions to fight for human trafficking. It is one of approaches in education using peer groups to educate and share information related to human trafficking
KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Full text linkData from the field shows that the number of violence against women, especially in the household continues to increase from time to time. Domestic violence (Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga [KDRT]) is one proof of gender equality and justice not being realized. It is generally understood that one of the important factors that support and even enrich the practice of domestic violence is religious teachings, especially Islamic teachings contained in the Koran and Hadith. The basic question raised in this paper is: is it true that the Qur'an and the hadith teach about domestic violence? By using the literature study method, it is found that there has been a interpretation of gender bias in interpreting the verses and hadiths related to hitting a wife who is indicative of nusyuz. The verses of the Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet do not justify committing acts of violence against wives and women in general. Thus, the source of domestic violence is not sourced from the Qur'an and the hadith of the Prophet. The source is the understanding of scholars (ulama) who are gender biased. Therefore, a new perspective is needed in interpreting the verses of the Qur'an and the traditions of the Prophet towards understanding the teachings of Islam with gender justice.
Data dari lapangan menunjukkan angka kekerasan terhadap perempuan, khususnya di dalam rumah tangga terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) merupakan salah satu bukti belum terwujudnya kesetaraan dan keadilan jender. Umum dipahami bahwa salah satu faktor penting yang mendukung bahkan menyuburkan praktik KDRT adalah ajaran agama, khususnya ajaran Islam yang terdapat di dalam Alquran dan hadis. Pertanyaan mendasar yang diajukan dalam tulisan ini adalah: benarkan Alquran dan hadis mengajarkan tentang KDRT? Dengan menggunakan metode kajian pustaka, ditemukan bahwa telah terjadi tafsir bias jender dalam memaknai ayat-ayat dan hadis yang terkait dengan memukul istri yang terindikasi nusyuz. Ayat-ayat Alquran dan hadis-hadis Nabi tidak membenarkan melakukan tindak kekerasan terhadap isteri dan perempuan pada umumnya. Dengan demikian, sumber perilaku KDRT bukanlah bersumber dari Alquran dan hadis Nabi. Sumbernya adalah pada pemahaman para ulama yang bias jender. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan cara pandang baru dalam memaknai ayat-ayat Alquran dan hadis-hadis Nabi menuju pemahaman ajaran Islam yang kerkeadilan jender
PERAN WANITA DALAM MASYARAKAT SAMBAS
Full text linkThis article discusses the role of women in the Sambas community, West Kalimantan. This study uses ethnographic methods, with a sociological-economic approach. The results of the study show that Sambas women have an important role in various sectors of life, such as households, society and customs activities. Age development brought changes in the role of Sambas women, not only about traditions that ended in wells, kitchens and mattresses, but many women had important roles in the outside world, both in politics and in customs.
[Artikel ini membahas tentang peranan wanita pada masyarakat Sambas, Kalimantan Barat. Kajian ini menggunakan metode etnografis, dengan pendekatan sosiologis-ekonomis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wanita Sambas memiliki peranan penting dalam berbagai sector kehidupan, seperti rumah tangga, masyarakat, dan kegiatan adat istiadat. Perkembangan zaman membawa perubahan dalam peran wanita Sambas, bukan hanya tentang tradisi yang berakhir di sumur, dapur dan kasur, namun sudah banyak wanita yang memiliki peran penting di dunia luar, baik dalam hal politik maupun dalam adat istiadat]
HALAQAH KELUARGA DI ERA MILENIAL PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI DAKWAH
Full text linkThe halaqah method in practice has been applied in various joints of human life, including in formal educational institutions to da'wah institutions. However, the application of the halaqah method in the home seems to be very rare. In terms of family law a strong bond between father and mother will be formed as da'i with mad'u (recipient of the message) who is also his children. The focus of his research is how halaqah is applied at home as an effort to strengthen family Islam. Through field research with the approach of psychological proselytizing, it was found that in family halaqah activities not only messages are easily absorbed, but mental contact between da'i to mad'u, even between mad'u and other mad'u will be absorbed well. In addition, in halaqah not only is the understanding of family Islam increasing, but the communication and intimacy of family members are increasingly well realized. Furthermore, from this study found a new formulation in strengthening Islamic through halaqah, namely: The house became the center of the formation of family quran personality, and the stronghold of negative social media, and the House as a medium of family counseling.
Keywords: Halaqah, and the Formation of the Soul Qur'ani
Metode halaqah pada praktiknya telah diterapkan di berbagai sendi kehidupan manusia termasuk di lembaga-lembaga pendidikan formal hingga di lembaga-lembaga dakwah. Namun penerapan metode halaqah dalam rumah nampaknya masih sangat jarang Padahal dalam halaqah keluarga akan terbentuk suatu ikatan yang kuat antara ayah dan ibu sebagai da’i dengan mad’u (penerima pesan) yang juga merupakan anak-anaknya. fokus penelitiannya adalah bagaimana halaqah diterapkan di rumah sebagai upaya penguatan keislaman keluarga. Melalui penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan psikologi dakwah, ditemukan bahwa dalam kegiatan halaqah keluarga tidak hanya pesan yang mudah diserap, tetapi kontak mental antara da’i terhadap mad’u, bahkan antar mad’u dengan mad’u yang lain akan terserap secara baik. Selain itu, dalam halaqah bukan hanya pemahaman keislaman keluarga yang meningkat, tetapi komunikasi dan keintiman anggota keluarga semakin terealisasi dengan baik. Selanjutnya dari penelitian ini ditemukan adanya formulasi baru dalam penguatan keislaman melalui halaqah, yaitu: Rumah menjadi pusat pembentukan kepribadian qur’ani keluarga, dan benteng arus negatif media sosial, serta Rumah sebagai media konseling keluarga.
Kata Kunci: Halaqah, dan Pembentukan Jiwa Qur’an
ANAK DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PELINDUNGAN KEKERASAN RUMAH TANGGA
Full text linkChildren are a very valuable asset, then maintain, protect and provide good education, both religious and social education that is good and right. So they grow and develop into a good child and become the light of parents, family, religion and society. The primary and first education starts from the family because all the children know from new birth are only parents and close family, then the surrounding environment. This is also one of the main factors determining the good and bad character and morals of children. Children are basically pure human beings who have just been chosen. But the reality is certainly there are still many children who do not get their rights, they do not get a proper education, there is no care, no care and other rights. Every child has the right to receive care from both parents, this is so that the child's mentality can develop properly. If the child is not well educated, deviant behaviors will arise, from this disobedient behavior law violations will emerge. We have to protect this child as well as possible. Nowadays, women are also often we with a lot of abuse and violence at home so that women must become priority to be protected so that they get legal protection properly.
Keywords: Women, Children, Protection, Violence, Protection
Anak merupakan harta yang sangat berharga, maka pelihara, lindungi dan berilah pendidikan yang baik, baik itu pendidikan agama dan sosial kemasyarakatan yang baik dan benar. Sehingga mereka tumbuh kembang menjadi anak yang baik dan menjadi cahaya orang tua, keluarga, agama dan masyarakat. Pendidikan utama dan pertama itu dimulai dari keluarga karena yang anak kenal dari baru lahir cuma orang tua dan keluarga dekatnya, selanjutnya baru lingkungan sekitarnya. Ini juga salah satu faktor utama menentuka baik buruknya akhlak serta moral anak. Anak pada dasarnya adalah manusia yang masih suci yang baru diliharikan. Namun kenyataannya yang pasti masih banyak anak yang tidak mendapatkan hak-haknya, ia tidak mendapatkan pendidikan yang layak, tidak ada yang mengasuh, tidak mendapat perawatan dan hak-hak lainnya. Setiap anak berhak mendapat asuhan dari kedua orang tuanya, hal ini agar mental anak dapat berkembang secara baik. Jika anak tidak dididik secara baik maka akan timbul perilaku-perilaku menyimpang, dari perilaku menyipang ini akan muncul pelanggaran-pelanggaran hukum. Hal ini anak harus kita lindungi sebaik-baik mungkin. Dewasa ini juga perempuan juga sering kali kita dengan banyak pelecehan dan kekerasan dirumah tangga sehingga perempuan harus menjadi perioritas untuk dilindungi sehingga mereka mendapatkan perlindungan hukum secara baik dan benar.
Kata Kunci: Perempuan, Anak, Pelindungan, Kekerasan, Perlindunga