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Repeatability coefficient for the fruit production and selection of Bertholletia excelsa (Bonpl.) in natural stands of Acre state
No full textMais de 95% da produ\ue7\ue3o brasileira de
castanha-da-amaz\uf4nia \ue9 oriunda da coleta extrativista sendo
poucos os plantios para produ\ue7\ue3o comercial. Buscando
contribuir com informa\ue7\uf5es b\ue1sicas para o melhoramento
gen\ue9tico da castanheira, este estudo teve por objetivos: estimar
os coeficientes de repetibilidade para o n\ufamero de frutos (NFP);
determinar o n\ufamero adequado de medi\ue7\uf5es para uma
eficiente sele\ue7\ue3o de matrizes; e, selecionar castanheiras
promissoras em dois castanhais nativos, no Estado do Acre. O estudo foi
realizado em parcelas permanentes no Filipinas (Resex Chico Mendes,
Epitaciol\ue2ndia-AC) e Cachoeira (PAE Chico Mendes, Xapuri-AC). O
n\ufamero de frutos por planta (NFP) foi avaliado em 140 castanheiras
no Filipinas, no per\uedodo de 2002 a 2014 (13 anos), enquanto no
Cachoeira foram 175 castanheiras de 2009 a 2014 (seis anos). As
an\ue1lises gen\ue9tico-estat\uedsticas foram feitas com base na
metodologia de modelos mistos, utilizando-se o software
Selegen-REML/BLUP, Modelo 63. Foram selecionadas 20 matrizes, sendo 08
no Filipinas e 12 no Cachoeira. Em ambos os castanhais, a
vari\ue2ncia fenot\uedpica permanente (Vfp) representou a maior
porcentagem da vari\ue2ncia fenot\uedpica individual (Vf). O
coeficiente de repetibilidade foi considerado moderado para o Cachoeira
e alto para o Filipinas. Considerando um coeficiente de
determina\ue7\ue3o de 90%, seriam necess\ue1rios sete anos de
avalia\ue7\ue3o do NFP para o Cachoeira e seis anos para o
Filipinas. O banco de dados existentes para a produ\ue7\ue3o de
frutos das castanheiras \ue9 suficiente para se realizar a
sele\ue7\ue3o de matrizes com alta produ\ue7\ue3o de frutos.
Com base nos valores estimados espera-se que a nova popula\ue7\ue3o
apresente uma produ\ue7\ue3o m\ue9dia de 465,3 frutos.arv-1,
indicando um ganho na produ\ue7\ue3o de frutos cerca de 2,4 vezes
para o Cachoeira e 4,2 para o Filipinas.More than 95% of Brazil nut production in Brazil comes from the
extractive collection, with few plantations for commercial production.
To contribute with Brazil nut tree genetic improvement, this study
aimed to estimate number of fruits (NFP) repeatability coefficients;
determine the appropriate number of measurements for efficient
selection; and select Brazil nut promising trees from two Brazil nut
stands in the state of Acre. The study was carried out in permanent
plots in Filipinas (Resex Chico Mendes, Epitaciol\ue2ndia-AC) and
Cachoeira (PAE Chico Mendes, Xapuri-AC). The number of fruits per plant
(NFP) was estimated at 140 Brazil nut trees from 2002 to 2014 (13
years), while in Cachoeira there were 175 Brazil nut trees from 2009 to
2014 (six years). Genetic-statistical analyzes were performed based on
the mixed model methodology, using the Selegen-REML/BLUP Model 63.
Twenty matrices were selected, 08 in Filipinas and 12 in Cachoeira. In
both Brazil nuts stands, the permanent phenotypic variance (Vfp)
represented the largest percentage of the individual phenotypic
variance (Vf). The repeatability coefficient was considered moderate
for Cachoeira and high for Filipinas. Considering a 90% coefficient of
determination, it would take seven years of NFP assessment for
Cachoeira and six years for Filipinas. The existing database for the
Brazil nut production is sufficient to make selection for matrices with
high fruit production. Based on the estimated values we expect the new
population to have an average yield of 465.3 fruits.arv-1, indicating a
gain in fruit production of about 2.4 times for Cachoeira and 4.2 for
Filipinas
Analysis of the temporal, spatial and trend incidence of fire in biomes and conservation units of Brazil
No full textO Brasil tem extensas forma\ue7\uf5es vegetais ao longo do seu
territ\uf3rio que s\ue3o afetadas por ocorr\ueancias de
queimadas, necessitando de um monitoramento espa\ue7o-temporal e de
estudos que relacionem a sua atua\ue7\ue3o nos biomas e nas
\ue1reas protegidas do pa\ueds. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente
estudo foi analisar o comportamento temporal e espacial das
ocorr\ueancias de fogo de 2003 a 2017 nos biomas brasileiros:
Amaz\uf4nia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Mata Atl\ue2ntica, Pantanal e
Pampa, incluindo as incid\ueancias nas \ue1reas de Unidades de
Conserva\ue7\ue3o, verificando poss\uedveis padr\uf5es da
distribui\ue7\ue3o dos focos, assim como a tend\ueancia
estat\uedstica das suas ocorr\ueancias. Foram utilizados dados
geoespaciais de 2003 a 2017 do sat\ue9lite de refer\ueancia
AQUA_M-T obtido no Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, e das
Unidades de Conserva\ue7\ue3o disponibilizados pelo Minist\ue9rio
do Meio Ambiente. Estatisticamente, foi aplicado o algoritmo Kernel
para analisar a distribui\ue7\ue3o espacial a partir da m\ue9dia
da s\ue9rie temporal estudada, e o teste n\ue3o param\ue9trico de
Mann-Kendall, considerando tamb\ue9m a sua Persist\ueancia de Longo
Alcance para verificar a tend\ueancia de ocorr\ueancia. Observou-se
que os biomas Amaz\uf4nia e Cerrado possuem, respectivamente, os
maiores focos de fogo, com o Cerrado tendo maior \ue1rea queimada.
Consequentemente, as Unidades de Conserva\ue7\ue3o localizadas
nestes biomas tiveram maior quantidade de focos detectados. A
an\ue1lise da tend\ueancia estat\uedstica indicou que o
crescimento da ocorr\ueancia de fogo possui sazonalidade em todos os
biomas, com o Pampa sendo caracterizado por uma condi\ue7\ue3o
natural. Portanto, o estudo permitiu identificar e quantificar,
espacialmente, os maiores focos de queimadas nos Biomas brasileiros,
bem como nas Unidades de Conserva\ue7\ue3o em cada respectivo bioma
para a s\ue9rie estudada, servindo como base para medidas de
preven\ue7\ue3o e controle do fogo principalmente nas Unidades de
Conserva\ue7\ue3o que possuem maiores ocorr\ueancias no
pa\ueds.Brazil has extensive plant formations throughout its territory that are
affected by burning occurrences, necessitating space-time monitoring
and studies that relate its performance to the biomes and protected
areas of the country. Therefore, the objective of the present study was
to analyze the temporal and spatial behavior of the occurrences of
fires from 2003 to 2017 in the Brazilian biomes: Amazonia, Caatinga,
Cerrado, Mata Atl\ue2ntica, Pantanal and Pampa, including incidences
in the areas of Conservation Units, possible patterns of distribution
of forest fire outbreaks, as well as the statistical trend of its
occurrence. Geospatial data were used from 2003 to 2017 of the AQUA_M-T
reference satellite obtained from the National Space Research Institute
and from the Conservation Units provided by the Ministry of the
Environment. Statistically, the Kernel algorithm was applied to analyze
the spatial distribution from the mean of the time series studied, and
the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, also considering its Long Range
Persistence to verify the tendency of the occurrence. It was observed
that the Amazon and Cerrado biomes have, respectively, the largest
fires, with the Cerrado having a larger area burned. Consequently, the
Conservation Units located in these biomes had a higher amount of
fires. The tendency statistical analysis indicated that the growth of
the occurrence of fire has seasonality in all the biomes, with the
Pampa being characterized by a natural condition. Therefore, the study
allowed to quantify and to identify, spatially, the largest fires in
the Brazilian Biomes, as well as in the Conservation Units in each
respective biome for the studied series, serving as a basis for fire
prevention and control measures, mainly in which that have the highest
occurrences in the country
Diversidade gen\ue9tica de duas esp\ue9cies de Eucalyptus usando marcadores ISSR
No full textHere, we deployed a genetic diversity analysis using ISSR markers in
two <taxon genus="Eucalyptus" species="" sub-prefix=""
sub-species=""><sp>Eucalyptus</sp></taxon>
species, as a fundamental step toward breeding strategies. The selected
species were <taxon genus="Eucalyptus" species="urophylla"
sub-prefix="" sub-species=""><sp>Eucalyptus</sp>
<sp>urophylla</sp></taxon> and Eucalyptus microcorys,
both with economic potential in forestry. The studied individuals
belong to a species and the provenance test that was installed in 1974
and until now remains exempt from silvicultural treatments. Nine
universal ISSR primers were used in the analyses. Intra and
interspecific variation through the polymorphism percentage,
polymorphism information content (PIC) and Euclidean distances among
individuals were computed. The Euclidean distance among the individuals
was used to perform a principal coordinate analysis (PCoA), as well as
the permutation analysis of multivariate dispersion (PermDisp),
followed by the Tukey\u2019s test. A high percentage of polymorphic
bands were detected, with 57.14% for Eucalyptus microcorys and 80.95%
for Eucalyptus urophylla. PIC values were higher than 0.5 for four
primers (UBC827, UBC835, UBC841, and UBC842). The genetic variability
was significantly higher within the Eucalyptus urophylla population
than in Eucalyptus microcorys, which may be associated with the greater
ability of Eucalyptus urophylla to naturally hybridize, therefore,
enabling the introduction of new alleles to their populations.Visando fornecer informa\ue7\uf5es que sirvam de base para estudos
de melhoramento gen\ue9tico de <taxon genus="Eucalyptus"
species="" sub-prefix=""
sub-species=""><sp>Eucalyptus</sp></taxon> foi
realizada a an\ue1lise da diversidade gen\ue9tica usando marcadores
ISSR. As esp\ue9cies estudadas foram <taxon genus="Eucalyptus"
species="urophylla" sub-prefix=""
sub-species=""><sp>Eucalyptus</sp>
<sp>urophylla</sp></taxon> e Eucalyptus microcorys,
ambas com potencial econ\uf4mico florestal. Os indiv\uedduos
estudados pertencem a um teste de esp\ue9cies e proced\ueancias
instalado no ano de 1974 e permanecem isentos de tratos silviculturais.
Para as an\ue1lises foram utilizados nove primers ISSR universais. A
partir dos resultados avaliou-se a exist\ueancia de
varia\ue7\ue3o intra e interespec\uedfica por meio da porcentagem
de polimorfismo, conte\ufado de informa\ue7\ue3o polim\uf3rfica
(PIC) e dist\ue2ncia Euclidiana entre indiv\uedduos. A fim de
analisar a dist\ue2ncia Euclidiana entre os indiv\uedduos foram
feitas a an\ue1lise de coordenadas principais (PCoA) e an\ue1lise
permutacional de dispers\ue3o multivariada (PermDisp) seguida pelo
teste de Tukey. Observouse elevada porcentagem de polimorfismo (57,14%
para Eucalyptus microcorys e 80,95% para Eucalyptus urophylla).
Considerando todos os grupos avaliados, os valores de PIC foram
superiores a 0,5 para quatro primers (UBC827, UBC835, UBC841). A
variabilidade interna foi significativamente maior na
popula\ue7\ue3o de Eucalyptus urophylla em rela\ue7\ue3o \ue0
Eucalyptus microcorys, o que pode estar associado \ue0 maior
capacidade do Eucalyptus urophylla em hibridizar naturalmente
Limiting factors in the management of non-timber forest products in Guaratuba\u2019s EPA
No full textO \u201cacesso livre\u201d aos produtos florestais
n\ue3o-madeireiros vem gerando uma s\ue9rie de quest\uf5es
cr\uedticas para o governo e para o setor florestal. Nesse contexto,
a explora\ue7\ue3o sustent\ue1vel dos produtos florestais
n\ue3o-madeireiros \ue9 apontada como uma importante
estrat\ue9gia para a conserva\ue7\ue3o da biodiversidade e
tamb\ue9m para a gera\ue7\ue3o de renda e qualidade de vida das
popula\ue7\uf5es rurais. O munic\uedpio de Guaratuba \ue9
composto em sua totalidade pela \uc1rea de Prote\ue7\ue3o
Ambiental (APA) de Guaratuba, onde vivem popula\ue7\uf5es
tradicionais que t\ueam o extrativismo intr\uednseco aos seus
costumes. Assim, este trabalho visa identificar os fatores limitantes
da gest\ue3o dos produtos florestais n\ue3o-madeireiros da Mata
Atl\ue2ntica do litoral do Estado do Paran\ue1. A coleta de dados
foi baseada em entrevistas com 70 fam\uedlias moradoras da APA de
Guaratuba, das quatro unidades de gest\ue3o: Morro Grande, Estrada do
Castelhano, Caovi-Cubat\ue3o e Baia de Guaratuba. Os dados foram
submetidos \ue0 an\ue1lise SWOT. Como principais resultados, cada
comunidade mostrou-se heterog\ueanea no seu sistema produtivo de uso
e comercializa\ue7\ue3o de produtos florestais
n\ue3o-madeireiros. A avalia\ue7\ue3o das fortalezas e fraquezas
dos sistemas de produ\ue7\ue3o avaliados indicam que a regi\ue3o
de estudo se mostra adequada para o desenvolvimento de atividades com
produtos n\ue3o-madeireiros. Conclui-se que a sustentabilidade da
atividade n\ue3o madeireira na regi\ue3o est\ue1 longe de ser
alcan\ue7ada. Programas de conserva\ue7\ue3o devem reconhecer que
existe, nas \uc1reas de Prote\ue7\ue3o Ambiental, um alto grau de
ocupa\ue7\ue3o humana em que oportunidades de
capacita\ue7\ue3o, supera\ue7\ue3o de car\ueancia de recursos
econ\uf4micos e b\ue1sicos de sa\ufade e infraestrutura devem ser
sanados com urg\ueancia. Dessa forma, a atividade n\ue3o
madeireira, na forma como est\ue1 sendo gerida, n\ue3o pode ser
considerada como estrat\ue9gia de desenvolvimento para as
comunidades, no entanto, se observadas as quest\uf5es levantadas
neste estudo, podem tornar-se atrativas.The \u201cfree access\u201d to non-timber forest products raises
several critical issues for both government and industry. In this way,
a sustainable management of non-timber forest products is referred as
an important strategy for the biodiversity conservation as well for
income generation and a life quality enhancer of rural populations. The
municipality of Guaratuba is encompassed by the Guaratuba Environmental
Protection Area (EPA), where the traditional population lives and
carries out the extractivism activity that is intrinsic to their
customs. Therefore, this work aims to identify the limiting factors for
the management of the non-timber forest products in the Atlantic Forest
biome, on the coast of the state of Paran\ue1. The data collection
was based on interviews with 70 families living in Guaratuba\u2019s
EPA, from the four management units: Morro Grande, Estrada do
Castelhano, Caovi-Cubat\ue3o and Baia de Guaratuba. The data was
submitted to SWOT analysis. Each community is heterogeneous in its
productive system of use and commercialization of non-timber forest
products. The evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the
evaluated production systems indicates that the region of study is
suitable for the development of activities with non-timber forest
products. It is concluded that the sustainability of non-timber
activity in the region is far from being achieved. Conservation
programs should recognize that in the Environmental Protection Areas
there is a high degree of human occupation, where opportunities for
training, overcoming the lack of economic and basic health and
infrastructure resources must be solved as a matter of urgency. Thus,
non-timber activity, in the way it is managed, cannot be considered as
a development strategy for the communities, however, if the issues
raised in this study are addressed, the activity can become attractive
Effect of geotextile and agrotextile covering on productivity and nutritional values in lettuce
No full textIn order to optimize the lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) production in
greenhouses and to evaluate how a usage of mulching and covering plants
with woven agrotextile affects its yields, N content, nitrate, Zn and
vitamin C in lettuce leaves, a 2-yr experiment was established. In the
experiments, black and white plastic foils were used for mulching
before planting, and woven agrotextile for plant covering after
planting. The effect of each, as well as combination of them, on
lettuce growth and productivity was evaluated. The experiment involved
six treatments: control (without mulch), polyethylene black plastic
mulch, polyethylene white plastic mulch, polyethylene black plastic
mulch and woven agrotextile, polyethylene white plastic mulch and woven
agrotextile, and woven agrotextile. In the first growing season the
yield was 23% higher when polyethylene black plastic mulch was used
compared to the control. In the second growing season the yield was 29%
higher when polyethylene black plastic mulch was used compared to the
control. Nitrogen content decreased 9% when the woven agrotextile was
used compared to the control. Polyethylene black plastic mulch and
polyethylene black plastic mulch with agrotextile reduced Zn content
compared to the control. Vitamin C content increased 21% when woven
agrotextile was used compared to the control. The overall effect of
mulching and covering plants with woven agrotextile showed positive
effect on lettuce production. The results obtained could assist lettuce
growers in selecting most effective production technologies in order to
achieve highest yield and nutritional value in this crop
Chemical composition, toxicity, and repellence of plant essential oils against Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
No full textDiaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is an invasive species
in America and is the main vector of the pathogen associated with
Huanglongbing, a deadly disease of citrus plants in the world. The
management of such a problem includes the intensive use of insecticides
to reduce vector populations and risk of pathogen transmission. As an
alternative to synthetic insecticides to control D. citri, the present
study determined the chemical composition of diverse plant essential
oils and assessed the toxicity and repellency of oil extracts against
D. citri. Their chemical composition and abundance were determined by
gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Adults and nymphs were
exposed to leaf citrus discs treated by spraying or immersion with
different oil extract concentrations. Repellency was assessed by
exposing adults to treated leaves in experimental arenas and
determining the number of insects remaining on the leaf after different
time periods compared with the control. The main oil compounds in the
tested plants were anethole, verbenone, 4-ethyl-4-methyl-1-hexene,
4-allylanisole, and trans-tagetone. Oils from Rosmarinus officinalis
L. and Schinus molle L. caused no repellent or insecticide effects on
D. citri. In contrast, oil extracts from the Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
and Tagetes species were toxic and/or repellent for both adults and
nymphs. There was a positive relationship between toxicity and
concentration. Oil extracts from Tagetes lucida , T. coronopifoliai,
and T. terniflora were repellent (> 92%) at 40 mg mL-1; this was
correlated with the concentration and decreased over time. Essential
oils extracts from the Tagetes species could represent a potential
defense that could be integrated into the management of D. citri
Laboratory assays of the insecticidal activity of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid on Brevicoryne brassicae , Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) pests species and a biological control agent Chrysoperla defreitasi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
No full textCyantraniliprole has a broader insecticidal spectrum than the
previously developed diamides. Because cyantraniliprole also targets
hemipteran pests, it could provide an alternative to neonicotinoids
like imidacloprid. However, there is limited information concerning how
its broad-spectrum activity affects biological control agents. Toxicity
of cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid to green peach aphid (Myzus
persicae [Sulzer, 1776]), cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae
[Linnaeus, 1758]) and greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum
[Westwood, 1856]) nymphs was determined using both systemic and direct
spray exposure. In addition, the direct spray activity of
cyantraniliprole and imidacloprid on larvae of green lacewing,
Chrysoperla defreitasi Brooks, 1994, was studied. Estimated LC50 values
indicated that M. persicae, B. brassicae and T. vaporariorum were more
susceptible to the systemic exposure to cyantraniliprole than to direct
spray (0.148 vs. 24.284, 0.004 vs. 11.004, and 0.268 vs. 30.832 mg L-1,
respectively). Similarly, susceptibility of M. persicae, B. brassicae
and T. vaporariorum to imidacloprid was more pronounced when exposed
systemically than through direct contact (0.018 vs. 1.149, 0.006 vs.
0.514, and 0.249 vs. 6.419 mg L-1, respectively). Hence, the population
of B. brassicae was 40-fold more susceptible to cyantraniliprole than
M. persicae when exposed to its systemic activity, and 2.2-fold more
susceptible to cyantraniliprole's direct spray activity than M.
persicae. Interestingly, T. vaporariorum was less susceptible to the
direct spray activities of cyantraniliprole compared to that of
imidacloprid by 4.8-fold, but both insecticides were equally toxic for
this species after systemic exposure. Crysoperla larvae were less
susceptible to direct exposure to cyantranaliprole in comparison with
imidacloprid (640.295 vs. 26.974 mg L-1). In comparison to
imidacloprid, direct spray insecticidal activity of cyantraniliprole
was less toxic to these hemipteran pests and to chrysoperla larvae.
This suggests that the selectivity of cyantraniliprole towards C.
defreitasi, as measured by direct spray only, could decline if its
concentration is increased to target these hemipteran pests by foliar
sprays
Effect of post-emergence herbicides on stress indicators in quinoa
No full textThe impact of herbicide application on the accumulation of secondary
metabolites and photosynthesis as stress indicators in the quinoa
(<taxon genus="Chenopodium" species="quinoa" sub-prefix=""
sub-species=""><sp>Chenopodium</sp>
<sp>quinoa</sp></taxon> Willd.) crop is unknown. The
objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two
post-emergence herbicides on production, total polyphenol content, and
chlorophyll fluorescence in quinoa. The experiments were conducted for
two consecutive seasons using a completely randomized block design with
seven treatments, including two herbicides and three commercial product
rates, as well as a control without herbicide application. Production
parameters, yield components, and stress indicators were evaluated.
Yield was affected (P < 0.05) by herbicide application in some
treatments; control and treatment with only one bentazon application
varied from 1851.23 to 1235.03 kg ha-1, respectively. Yield affected
the number of grains per plant (P < 0.05); control and treatment
with only one bentazon application decreased yield from 3984.60 to
2040.94 kg ha-1, respectively. Total polyphenol content and percentage
of germination in quinoa grains were not affected by stress caused by
herbicide application (P > 0.05). The herbicide fomesafen did not
affect the maximum quantum yield, while the herbicide bentazon had a
significant effect (P < 0.05) during the application. Three
sequential applications of bentazon and fomesafen in the absence of
weeds were sufficient to achieve a yield that was equal (P > 0.05)
to the control
Relationships between grain yield and agronomic traits of rice in southern China
No full textField experiments were conducted to evaluate the grain yield and
agronomic traits of inbred and hybrid rice (<taxon genus="Oryza"
species="sativa" sub-prefix=""
sub-species=""><sp>Oryza</sp>
<sp>sativa</sp></taxon> L.)
\u2018Yuxiangyouzhan\u2019 and \u2018Shenliangyou 58
xiangyouzhan\u2019 at 11 different planting sites during 2013-2017 in
Southern China. The grain yield, growth period, panicle number m-2,
productive tiller percentage, plant height, panicle length, grain
number per panicle, filled grain number per panicle, filled grain
percentage, and grain weight were evaluated. Results indicated that
\u2018Shenliangyou 58 xiangyouzhan\u2019 produced higher grain yields
than \u2018Yuxiangyouzhan\u2019 which was attributed to high grain
weight and panicle length. Grain yield showed an increasing trend
during 2013-2017 and the yield gaps among different years were
attributed to differences in plant height, filled grain percentage and
grain weight. The differences in grain yield among sites were mostly
due to the combination effect of the agronomic traits which was greatly
affected by the different climate conditions. The grain yield was
significantly and positively correlated with the plant height, grain
number m-2, filled grain number per panicle, filled grain percentage
and grain weight. Moreover, principal components analysis (PCA)
suggested that grain number per panicle and filled grain number per
panicle are critical parameters attributed to grain productivity.
Therefore, flowering and post-flowering stage is the most critical in
this regard to improve the grain number and filled grain number per
panicle to get better yields in the agro-climatic conditions of
southern China
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the rhizosphere of Piliostigma reticulatum and Guiera senegalensis shrubs in Senegal
Full text linkPiliostima reticulatum and Guiera senegalensis shrubs constitute
\u201cislands of soil fertility\u201d in the rhizosphere, with better
availability of water and more intense biological activity in the
Sudano-Sahelian agro-ecosystems. There is, however, paucity of
information on diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) fungi,
which have a wide ecological range of associations with a variety of
vegetation. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of AMF
in the rhizospheres of P. reticulatum and G. senegalensis shrubs in
Senegal. Soil samples were collected from around the shrubs in Keur
Matar Arame and Keur Ndary Ndiaye in 2019 after a rainy season.
Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi spores were isolated by the wet sieving
method and identified based on their morphological characteristics
(shape, size, colour, attached hyphae, and spore ornamentation). Four
types of AMF were identified, namely Glomus aggregatum, Sclerocystis
rubiformis, Gigaspora margarita and Scutellospora gregaria. In
addition, the density of spores was more abundant in the soil outside
the shrub canopy compare to the soil beneath the shrub.Les arbustes Piliostima reticulatum et Guiera senegalensis
constituent des \uab \ueelots de fertilit\ue9 \ubb dans la
rhizosphere des sols, avec une meilleure disponibilit\ue9 en eau et
une activit\ue9 biologique plus intense dans les
agro-\ue9cosyst\ue8mes soudano-sah\ue9liens. Cependant, Il y a
peu d\u2019informations sur la diversit\ue9 des champignons
mycorhiziens arbusculaires (CMA) qui peuvent s\u2019associer avec une
large vari\ue9t\ue9 de plantes. Le but de cette \ue9tude est
d\u2019identifier les types de CMA dans les rhizosph\ue8res des
arbustes P. reticulatum et G. senegalensis au S\ue9n\ue9gal. Des
\ue9chantillons de sol ont \ue9t\ue9 collect\ue9s autour des
arbustes \ue0 Keur Matar Arame et Keur Ndary Ndiaye en 2019
apr\ue8s la saison des pluies. Les spores de champignons mycorhiziens
arbusculaires ont \ue9t\ue9 isol\ue9es par la m\ue9thode de
tamisage humide et identifi\ue9es en fonction de leurs
caract\ue9ristiques morphologiques (forme, taille, couleur, hyphes
attach\ue9s et ornementation des spores). Quatre types de CMA ont
\ue9t\ue9 identifi\ue9s, \ue0 savoir Glomus aggregatum,
Sclerocystis rubiformis, Gigaspora margarita et Scutellospora gregaria.
De plus, la densit\ue9 des spores \ue9tait plus abondante dans les
sols hors couvert que dans les sols sous-couvert des arbustes