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Growth Evaluation of In-Vitro Propagated Embryo of Morinda Citrifolia L. Seeds
Full text linkThe dormant nature of Morinda citrifolia seeds is a limitation to its
efficient in-vitro plantlet multiplication. Hence, the use of embryo
culture for successful in-vitro culture initiation. Matured embryo of
freshly collected noni seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog basal
medium supplemented with kinetin (Kn) and Benzyl amino purine (BAP) in
the range of A: control (no addition); B: 0.5 mg/l Kn+1.0 mg/l BAP; C:
1.0 mg/l Kn+2.0 mg/l Bap; D: 1.5 mg/l Kn+3.0 mg/l BAP and E: 2.0 mg/l
Kn+4.0 mg/l BAP. The results at 4 weeks after inoculation (WAI) showed
that germination was faster from medium A without hormone whereas
highest percentage germination was obtained from both medium D and E
with 80 %. Medium B and C had 65 % each while medium A gave the least
(40 %). The development of the plantlets showed that longest shoot (3.9
cm) from medium A was closely related to 3.58 cm from Medium B while
root lengths (2.28 cm) and number of adventitious roots (26) from
medium A were significantly higher than other media at 12 WAI. Highest
number of nodes (2.25) obtained from medium D was comparable to Media C
and B while medium A had the least at 12 WAI. Number of leaves obtained
was similar between the media at 12 WAI. These results indicated that
using embryo is reliable for fast in-vitro propagation and shoot
development of noni plant with optimum cytokinins (0.5/1.0 mg/l Kn/BAP)
application
Investigation of Bulb Extracts of Crinum jagus for Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities
Full text linkThis study investigates the bulb extracts of Crinum jagus for
antimicrobial activities. The bulb samples were dried, ground and
subjected to successive extraction using hexane, ethylacetate and
methanol. The extracts were screened for activity against
Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Bacillus subtilis ,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella typhi , Klebisidlae pneumonae,
Candida albicans , Aspergillus niger , Penicillium notatum and
Rhizopus stolonifer at concentrations between 6.25 and 200 mg/ml.
Antimicrobial assays werecarried out using agar diffusion method. The
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts was determined.
The percentage yields obtained for the hexane, ethylacetate and
methanol extracts of the bulbs are 0.28 %, 0.44% and 24.68 %
respectively. Results showed that the methanolic extract had better
antibacterial and antifungal activities than the other extracts. The
methanol extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against S.
aureus with a zone of inhibition of 28 mm at 200 mg/ml. Also, the
methanol extract showed the highest antifungal activities against C.
albicans, A. niger and P. notatum with a zone of inhibition of 20 mm at
200 mg/ml. The hexane and ethylacetate extracts had no activity against
the microorganisms at 6.25 mg/ml.The methanol extract had the lowest
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 2.50 mg/ml against S. aureus,
E. coli, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and S. typhi. The methanol extract
could be a source of potent antimicrobial compounds
Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth of Senecio biafrae (WOROWO) OLIVE & HIERN
Full text linkSoils have shown a negative balance in nutrient budget which poses a
great threat to sustainable soil management for increase in growth and
crop yield. This study thus investigated the effects of organic and
inorganic fertilizers on the growth of Senecio biafrae (Oliv.
&Hiern). Topsoil, organic (poultry manure) and inorganic
fertilizers (NPK 15:15:15) were used. The fertilizers were weighed and
applied to the soil at 5g, 10g, 15g each; control topsoil without
application of fertilizers and were replicated five times. Growth
parameters including height, number of leaves and stem diameter were
taken weekly for the period of the experiment. Application of poultry
manure and NPK fertilizer had significant effects on all the growth
parameters considered. The application of poultry manure resulted into
significant increase in the growth parameters towards the latter part
of the study. This study has shown that organic manure has great
potential for improving soil productivity and plant growth
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Analysis of Fadogia andersonii Robyn Plant Extract
Full text linkMedicinal plants extracts are now generally considered as effective
medicines that play a major role in modern pharmacy. The plant Fadogia
andersonii belonging to the Family Rubiaceae, which is used in
ethno-medicine was studied. Preliminary phytochemical analyses of the
whole plant revealed the presence of the following metabolites:
Saponins, terpenes, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac
glycosides and carbohydrates. Anthraquinones was found to be absent.
Antimicrobial screening of the methanol plant\u2019s extract carried
out (in vitro) on Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli ,
Salmonella typhi , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bacillus cereus ,
Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus
pyogenes , Candida albican and Aspergillus flavus showed that the
extract has activity on the tested microorganisms. However, it showed
no inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli. The extract was found to
inhibit the growth of S. aureus, B. cereus, S. pyogenes and C. albican
at 25mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at 50mg/ml. S. typhi and S.
pneumonia were inhibited at 50mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at
100mg/ml. It also inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia
and A. flavus at 100mg/ml with a corresponding MBC at 200mg/ml. The
observed antimicrobial effects were believed to be due to the presence
of active principles which were detected in the phytochemical
screening
Evaluation of the Impacts of Taurine on Oxidative Stress Indices in Sera and Brain of Rats Exposed to Cypermethrin
Full text linkCypermethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide applied for pest control on
animals and the environment. Taurine is a putative antioxidant and
bioprotective amino acid. The purpose of the research was to evaluate
the impacts of taurine on oxidative stress indices in the sera and
brains of rats exposed to cypermethrin. Forty rats were assigned to
five groups of eight rats each. Distilled water was given to the first
group, while the second group received soya oil (2 ml/kg). Cypermethrin
(20 mg/kg) was administered to the third group. The
Taurine50+Cypermethrin group received taurine (50 mg/kg) and
cypermethrin, while the Taurine100+Cypermethrin group was administered
with taurine (100 mg/kg) and Cypermethrin. The treatments were given
once daily by oral gavage for 35 days. Sera were obtained from the
blood samples of the rats after the completion of the study for the
determination of the oxidative stress indices (malondialdehyde
concentration and the activities of antioxidant enzymes). Oxidative
stress indices were analysed in the brains. Taurine significantly
(P< 0.05) augmented the superoxide dismutase activity in the sera.
However, other oxidative stress indices were not ameliorated by taurine
in the sera and the brains. Cypermethrin (20 mg/kg) did not overtly
evoke oxidative stress in the sera and the brains of the rats in this
study, probably because it is a moderately toxic insecticide. This is
the first study that has investigated the effects of taurine on
cypermethrin toxicity. Further research is warranted to expound the
mechanisms of action of taurine and cypermethrin in biological systems
FIELD PERFORMANCE OF Shrunken-2 MAIZE HYBRIDS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH GENETIC DISTANCE OF THEIR INBRED PARENTS
Full text linkMaize ( Zea mays L.) is an important crop in West and Central Africa,
where flint and dent types are the widely cultivated and used as food,
feed and raw materials in industries. Sweet maize, the generic term
used for maize types with elevated levels of sugar in their kernels, is
increasingly popular in Nigeria and other countries of West Africa.
This study evaluated the field performance of some super-sweet
shrunken-2 (sh-2 ) maize hybrids and determined its relationship with
SSR-based genetic distance of their inbred parents. A total of 21
shrunken-2 maize hybrids and seven shrunken-2 maize hybrid checks were
evaluated. Analysis of variance was carried out on data collected and
correlation analysis between the genetic distance of parental lines and
agronomic traits of their hybrids. There were significant differences
(P < 0.01) among the hybrids for all agronomic traits studied. Field
emergence ranged from 28.2 to 97.4%; while fresh cob weight and husk
cover (1-9) ranged from 0.05 to 0.17 and 2.7 to 6.7 g plant-1,
respectively. Among the hybrids, UI1 x UI75 was the most promising,
combining high emergence with high fresh cob yield, good husk cover,
resistance to endemic foliar diseases, good plant aspect and moderate
ear aspect. Genetic distance between parental inbred lines was not
useful for predicting hybrid performance among the sets of shrunken-2
inbred lines considered. The parental lines, however, have potential
for use in shrunken-2 maize breeding programmes.Le ma\uefs (Zea Mays L.) est une culture importante en Afrique de
l\u2019Ouest et du Centre, o\uf9 les types de silex et dent\ue9
sont largement cultiv\ue9s et utilis\ue9s comme aliments, aliments
pour animaux et mati\ue8res premi\ue8res dans les industries. Le
ma\uefs doux, le terme g\ue9n\ue9rique utilis\ue9 pour les
types de ma\uefs avec des niveaux \ue9lev\ue9s de sucre dans
leurs grains, est de plus en plus populaire au Nigeria et dans
d\u2019autres pays d\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Cette \ue9tude
a \ue9valu\ue9 la performance au champ de certains hybrides de
ma\uefs super-doux shrunken-2 (sh-2) et a d\ue9termin\ue9 sa
relation avec la distance g\ue9n\ue9tique bas\ue9e sur le SSR de
leurs parents consanguins. Au total, 21 hybrides de ma\uefs
shrunken-2 et sept t\ue9moins hybrides de ma\uefs shrunken-2 ont
\ue9t\ue9 \ue9valu\ue9s. Une analyse de variance a
\ue9t\ue9 effectu\ue9e sur les donn\ue9es recueillies et une
analyse de corr\ue9lation entre la distance g\ue9n\ue9tique des
lign\ue9es parentales et les caract\ue8res agronomiques de leurs
hybrides. Il y avait des diff\ue9rences significatives (P < 0,01)
entre les hybrides pour tous les caract\ue8res agronomiques
\ue9tudi\ue9s. L\u2019\ue9mergence au champ variait de 28,2
\ue0 97,4 %; tandis que le poids de l\u2019\ue9pi frais et la
couverture de l\u2019enveloppe (1-9) variaient de 0,05 \ue0 0,17 et
de 2,7 \ue0 6,7 g plante-1, respectivement. Parmi les hybrides, UI1 x
UI75 \ue9tait le plus prometteur, combinant une \ue9mergence
\ue9lev\ue9e avec un rendement \ue9lev\ue9 en \ue9pis frais,
une bonne couverture de brou, une r\ue9sistance aux maladies
foliaires end\ue9miques, un bon aspect de la plante et un aspect
mod\ue9r\ue9 de l\u2019\ue9pi. La distance g\ue9n\ue9tique
entre les lign\ue9es consanguines parentales n\u2019\ue9tait pas
utile pour pr\ue9dire les performances hybrides parmi les ensembles
de lign\ue9es consanguines shrunken-2 consid\ue9r\ue9es. Les
lign\ue9es parentales, cependant, ont un potentiel
d\u2019utilisation dans les programmes de s\ue9lection de ma\uefs
Shrunken-2
INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE-BASED EVALUATION OF AMBACHI TUBEROUS PLANT AS A FUTURE FAMINE FOOD CROP FOR DARFUR STATE, SUDAN
Full text linkMalnutrition and associated diseases are major challenges in the
semi-arid Sahelian zone of Africa, where rainfall is <600 mm per
annum. The objective of this study was to document indigenous knowledge
on the significance and management of Ambachi ( Dioscorea hispida ) in
East Darfur State, Sudan. A total of 101 respondents was interviewed
using a semi-structured questionnaire in Bahr Alarab Locality, located
in East Darfur State. Additionally, key informants and group
discussions were held with local leaders to supplement data collection.
The results revealed that Ambachi plant is fairly plentiful in East
Darfur state, and grows naturally in the wild. All respondents were
knowledgeable about Ambachi plant\u2019s appearance, growth cycle,
usage and storage processes. Generally, Ambachi tubers are stored in
various types of natural and synthetic containers, and for varied
periods of time. However, up to 78% of the respondents reported Shawwal
(made of plastic material), as the most preferred container for storage
of dry tubers. Virtually all households (99%) attested to consuming
Ambachi-based foods particularly during famine periods. Up to 98% of
Ambachi plant tubers are soaked before cooking to remove the bitter
taste; and two thirds of interviewees were familiar with the cooking
process of Ambachi foods. Lastly, Ambachi plant tubers are tradable in
different local markets across the region; although it was mainly sold
in Abu matareg market located in Bahar Alara locality.La malnutrition et les maladies associ\ue9es sont des d\ue9fis
majeurs dans la zone sah\ue9lienne semi-aride de l\u2019Afrique
o\uf9 la pr\ue9cipitation est inf\ue9rieure \ue0 600 mm par an.
L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait de documenter les
connaissances autochtones sur l\u2019importance et la gestion
d\u2019Ambachi (Dioscorea hispida) dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour
oriental, au Soudan. Au total, 101 r\ue9pondants ont \ue9t\ue9
interrog\ue9s \ue0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un questionnaire
semi-structur\ue9 dans la localit\ue9 de Bahr Alarab, situ\ue9e
dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour oriental. De plus, des informateurs
cl\ue9s et des discussions de groupe ont \ue9t\ue9 organis\ue9s
avec les dirigeants locaux pour compl\ue9ter la collecte de
donn\ue9es. Les r\ue9sultats ont r\ue9v\ue9l\ue9 que la
plante Ambachi est assez abondante dans l\u2019\uc9tat du Darfour
oriental et pousse naturellement \ue0 l\u2019\ue9tat sauvage. Tous
les r\ue9pondants connaissaient l\u2019apparence, le cycle de
croissance, l\u2019utilisation et les processus de stockage de la
plante d\u2019Ambachi. G\ue9n\ue9ralement, les tubercules
d\u2019Ambachi sont stock\ue9s dans divers types de contenants
naturels et synth\ue9tiques, et pendant des p\ue9riodes de temps
vari\ue9es. Cependant, jusqu\u2019\ue0 78 % des r\ue9pondants
ont indiqu\ue9 que Shawwal (fait de mati\ue8re plastique)
\ue9tait le conteneur le plus pr\ue9f\ue9r\ue9 pour le stockage
des tubercules secs. Pratiquement tous les m\ue9nages (99%) ont
attest\ue9 de consommer des aliments \ue0 base d\u2019Ambachi, en
particulier pendant les p\ue9riodes de famine. Jusqu\u2019\ue0 98
% des tubercules de la plante d\u2018 Ambachi sont tremp\ue9s avant
la cuisson pour \ue9liminer le go\ufbt amer ; et les deux tiers des
personnes interrog\ue9es connaissaient le processus de cuisson des
aliments d\u2018 Ambachi. Enfin, les tubercules de la plante
d\u2019Ambachi sont commercialisables sur diff\ue9rents march\ue9s
locaux de la r\ue9gion ; bien qu\u2019il ait \ue9t\ue9
principalement vendu sur le march\ue9 d\u2018 Abu Matareg situ\ue9
dans la localit\ue9 de Bahar Alara
FACTORS DETERMINING INTENSITY OF CAMEL ADOPTION IN SEMI-ARID NORTH-EASTERN UGANDA
Full text linkIntegration of camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) production in the
traditional livestock systems is increasingly gaining significance as a
strategy for household adaptation to prolonged and recurrent droughts
in African arid and semi-arid lands. There is increasing interest in
promoting camels as a strategy to mitigate the effects of prolonged
droughts in communities where camels have not been reared before.
However, the intensity of camel adoption and the factors that drive
camel adoption process in semi-arid Uganda are not clear. The objective
of this study was to determine the level of intensity and
socio-economic factors influencing the intensity of camel adoption in
Karamoja sub-region in Uganda. Econometric results show that age the of
a household head was significantly associated with the intensity of
camel adoption; whereas household size, credit access and crop area
cultivated significantly decreased with the intensity of camel adoption
in the region. Increasing camel adoption was possible with increasing
access to capital; as well as carefully balancing the competition for
labour with crop cultivation.L\u2019int\ue9gration de la production de chameaux (Camelus
dromedarius) dans les syst\ue8mes d\u2019\ue9levage traditionnels
prend de plus en plus d\u2019importance en tant que strat\ue9gie
d\u2019adaptation des m\ue9nages aux s\ue9cheresses
prolong\ue9es et r\ue9currentes dans les regions arides et
semi-arides d\u2019Afrique. Il y a un int\ue9r\ueat croissant pour
la promotion des chameaux comme strat\ue9gie pour att\ue9nuer les
effets des s\ue9cheresses prolong\ue9es dans les communaut\ue9s
o\uf9 les chameaux n\u2019ont pas \ue9t\ue9 \ue9lev\ue9s
auparavant. Cependant, l\u2019intensit\ue9 de l\u2019adoption des
chameaux et les facteurs qui motivent le processus d\u2019adoption des
chameaux dans la r\ue9gion semi-aride de l\u2019Ouganda ne sont pas
clairs. L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait de
d\ue9terminer le niveau d\u2019intensit\ue9 et les facteurs
socio-\ue9conomiques influen\ue7ant l\u2019intensit\ue9 de
l\u2019adoption de chameaux dans la sous-r\ue9gion de Karamoja en
Ouganda. Les r\ue9sultats \ue9conom\ue9triques ont montr\ue9
que l\u2019\ue2ge du chef de m\ue9nage \ue9tait
significativement associ\ue9 \ue0 l\u2019intensit\ue9 de
l\u2019adoption de chameaux ; tandis que la taille des m\ue9nages,
l\u2019acc\ue8s au cr\ue9dit et la superficie cultiv\ue9e ont
consid\ue9rablement diminu\ue9 avec l\u2019intensit\ue9 de
l\u2019adoption de chameaux dans la r\ue9gion. L\u2019augmentation
de l\u2019adoption de chameaux \ue9tait possible avec un acc\ue8s
accru au capital; ainsi que d\u2019\ue9quilibrer soigneusement la
concurrence pour la main-d\u2019\u153uvre avec la culture des
plantes
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND CASSAVA GENOTYPE ON THE DEVELOPMENT, FECUNDITY AND REPRODUCTION OF Bemisia tabaci SSA1
Full text linkThe Bemisia tabaci complex is currently recognised as key agricultural
pests that cause economic damage globally. Temperature is the most
important driver of changes in behaviour, abundance and distribution of
insect pests, including the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The objective of
this study was to evaluate the development, fecundity and reproduction
of B. tabaci SSA1 on cassava genotypes under a range of temperatures. A
laboratory study was conducted using three cassava genotypes (Alado
alado, NAROCASS 1 and NASE 14) at five constant temperatures (16, 20,
24, 28 and 32 \ub0C). The parameters assessed included development
duration, survival, fecundity and population parameters for B. tabaci
SSA1. Temperature had significant effects (P<0.001) on development
time, survival and fecundity of B. tabaci; while cassava genotype had
no effect (P>0.05). An inverse relationship was observed between
development time and temperature for all stages across all cassava
genotypes. The total life cycle was 63.8 days at 16 \ub0C and 17.9
days at 32 \ub0C on NAROCASS 1. Survival for each stage throughout
the entire life cycle increased with temperature and was highest at 32
\ub0C, although this was not significantly different from that at 28
\ub0C. Fecundity increased with temperature and was highest at 32
\ub0C on all cassava genotypes. For all cassava genotypes, the
intrinsic rate of increase (rm), finite rate of increase (\u3bb) and
net reproductive rate (Ro) increased with temperature, while mean
generation time (T) reduced following a similar pattern. At 32 \ub0C,
rm, Ro, \u3bb and T were 0.2, 48.7, 1.2 and 22.6 days, respectively;
compared to 0.01, 1.9, 1.0 and 71.2 days at 16 \ub0C on Alado alado.
Therefore, the ideal development temperature for B. tabaci SSA1 is 32
\ub0C. Thus, there is a risk of accelerated future expansion of B.
tabaci SSA1 populations globally, with global warming and climate
variability.Le complexe Bemisia tabaci est actuellement reconnu comme un ravageur
agricole cl\ue9 causant des dommages \ue9conomiques \ue0
l\u2019\ue9chelle mondiale. La temp\ue9rature est le facteur le
plus important des changements de comportement, d\u2019abondance et de
r\ue9partition des insectes ravageurs, y compris l\u2019aleurode
(Bemisia tabaci). L\u2019objectif de cette \ue9tude \ue9tait
d\u2019\ue9valuer le d\ue9veloppement, la f\ue9condit\ue9 et
la reproduction de B. tabaci SSA1 sur des g\ue9notypes de manioc sous
une gamme de temp\ue9ratures. Une \ue9tude en laboratoire a
\ue9t\ue9 men\ue9e en utilisant trois g\ue9notypes de manioc
(Alado alado, NAROCASS 1 et NASE 14) \ue0 cinq temp\ue9ratures
constantes (16, 20, 24, 28 et 32 \ub0C). Les param\ue8tres
\ue9valu\ue9s comprenaient la dur\ue9e du d\ue9veloppement, la
survie, la f\ue9condit\ue9 et les param\ue8tres de population
pour B. tabaci SSA1. La temp\ue9rature a eu des effets significatifs
(P<0,001) sur le temps de d\ue9veloppement, la survie et la
f\ue9condit\ue9 de B. tabaci, tandis que le g\ue9notype du manioc
n\u2019a eu aucun effet (p>0,05). Une relation inverse a
\ue9t\ue9 observ\ue9e entre le temps de d\ue9veloppement et la
temp\ue9rature pour tous les stades dans tous les g\ue9notypes de
manioc. Le cycle de vie total \ue9tait de 63,8 jours \ue0 16
\ub0C et de 17,9 jours \ue0 32 \ub0C sur NAROCASS 1. La survie
pour chaque \ue9tape tout au long du cycle de vie entier augmentait
avec la temp\ue9rature et \ue9tait maximale \ue0 32 \ub0C.
Cependant, la survie \ue0 28 \ub0C n\u2019\ue9tait pas
significativement diff\ue9rente de celle observ\ue9e \ue0 32
\ub0C. La f\ue9condit\ue9 augmentait avec la temp\ue9rature et
\ue9tait maximale \ue0 32 \ub0C sur tous les g\ue9notypes de
manioc. Pour tous les g\ue9notypes de manioc, le taux
d\u2019accroissement intrins\ue8que (rm), le taux
d\u2019accroissement fini (\u3bb) et le taux net de reproduction (Ro)
ont augment\ue9 avec la temp\ue9rature, tandis que le temps de
g\ue9n\ue9ration moyen (T) a diminu\ue9 selon un sch\ue9ma
similaire. A 32 \ub0C, rm, Ro, \u3bb et T \ue9taient
respectivement de 0,2, 48,7, 1,2 et 22,6 jours ; contre 0,01, 1,9, 1,0
et 71,2 jours \ue0 16 \ub0C sur Alado alado. Par cons\ue9quent,
d\u2019apr\ue8s cette \ue9tude, la temp\ue9rature de
d\ue9veloppement id\ue9ale pour B. tabaci SSA1 est de 32 \ub0C.
Ainsi, il existe un risque d\u2019expansion future
acc\ue9l\ue9r\ue9e des populations de B. tabaci SSA1 \ue0
l\u2019\ue9chelle mondiale, avec le r\ue9chauffement climatique et
la variabilit\ue9 climatique
SIGNIFICANCE OF SWEET SORGHUM AS A MULTI-PURPOSE CROP FOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Full text linkThere is great interest in sweet sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) for
promoting resilience in rural livelihoods in Sub- Saharan Africa (SSA).
Unlike other crops, sweet sorghum is a multi-purpose crop for grain,
feed, fodder, chewing, syrup and biofuel production. The objective of
this paper is to analyse information on the diversity within the crop,
its adaptation and plant breeding efforts in SSA. We also discuss
opportunities that exist in SSA that make the crop an attractive
alternative. It is clear from the review that the crop has a wide
genetic base, hence significant improvements can be made on a number of
preferred traits. The review further outlines four possible production
models for the economic development of the sweet sorghum industry in
Sub-Saharan Africa; which are (i) production for supply to urban
chewing markets, (ii) syrup production, (iii) biofuel production and
(iv) fodder production. Although current research focuses on production
of ethanol for biofuel, other potential uses such as production for
chewing, syrup and fodder cannot be overlooked for most SSA farmers. A
lot has to be done on the research front before biofuel production from
sweet sorghum can be profitable and technically feasible. Future plant
breeding efforts can be tailor made to deliver cultivars with peculiar
traits for various end-uses.Il existe un grand int\ue9r\ueat pour le sorgho doux (Sorghum
bicolor L.) pour promouvoir la r\ue9silience des moyens de
subsistance ruraux en Afrique subsaharienne (ASS). Contrairement \ue0
d\u2019autres cultures, le sorgho sucr\ue9 est une culture
polyvalente pour la production de c\ue9r\ue9ales, d\u2019aliments
pour animaux, de fourrage, de mastication, de sirop et de biocarburant.
L\u2019objectif de cet article est d\u2019examiner les informations
sur la diversit\ue9 au sein de la culture, son adaptation et les
efforts de s\ue9lection v\ue9g\ue9tale en ASS. Il traite
\ue9galement des opportunit\ue9s qui existent en ASS et qui font de
cette culture une alternative attrayante. Les r\ue9sultats de
l\u2019examen montrent que la culture a une large base
g\ue9n\ue9tique, ce qui permet d\u2019apporter des
am\ue9liorations significatives \ue0 un certain nombre de
caract\ue8res pr\ue9f\ue9r\ue9s. L\u2019examen d\ue9crit en
outre quatre mod\ue8les de production possibles pour le
d\ue9veloppement \ue9conomique de l\u2019industrie du sorgho
sucr\ue9 en Afrique subsaharienne\ua0; qui sont (i) la production
pour l\u2019approvisionnement des march\ue9s urbains de mastication,
(ii) la production de sirop, (iii) la production de biocarburants et
(iv) la production de fourrage. Les questions cl\ue9s \ue9mergeant
de la discussion sont les suivantes\ua0; la recherche actuelle se
concentre sur la production d\u2019\ue9thanol pour le biocarburant,
bien que ce soit une bonne priorit\ue9 pour la recherche, cela ne
devrait pas \ue9clipser d\u2019autres utilisations potentielles de
la culture telles que la production pour la mastication, le sirop et le
fourrage qui peuvent \ueatre la seule option pour la plupart des
agriculteurs d\u2019ASS. Beaucoup reste \ue0 faire sur le front de
la recherche avant que la production de biocarburants \ue0 partir de
sorgho sucr\ue9 puisse \ueatre rentable et techniquement
r\ue9alisable, en particulier pour les petits exploitants agricoles
dans la plupart des pays d\u2019ASS. Par cons\ue9quent, les futurs
efforts de s\ue9lection v\ue9g\ue9tale peuvent \ueatre
adapt\ue9s pour fournir des cultivars avec des traits particuliers
pour diverses utilisations finales