Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo Scientific Journal
Not a member yet
2985 research outputs found
Sort by
Penggunaan Alat Bukti Sekunder dalam Menjatuhkan Tuntutan Pidana Berdasarkan Asas Kepastian Hukum
No full textThe use of circumstantial evidence in criminal cases has raised legal debate. Judges in some cases consider circumstantial evidence because there were no eyewitnesses who saw the criminal event directly. This is contrary to the Criminal Code which limits valid evidence in Indonesian criminal procedure law. The use of circumstantial evidence that is not regulated in the Criminal Code has the potential to cause normative conflicts, legal uncertainty, and violations of human rights. It is necessary to examine the criteria for circumstantial evidence that is permitted in the Indonesian criminal procedure law system and has a legal standing in line with the principle of legal certainty, as well as the legal consequences of using circumstantial evidence in imposing criminal charges based on the principle of legal certainty using normative legal research methods with a statutory approach and case studies. The results show that the criteria for circumstantial evidence that is justified in the Indonesian criminal procedure law system and has a legal standing in line with the principle of legal certainty is when the use of circumstantial evidence is prioritized for proving cases where there are no eyewitnesses who saw it directly, its use must be complementary, cannot stand alone (not used as the sole basis for imposing a criminal sentence), its use must meet the elements of accountability, relevance, authenticity, validity, proportionality, not violating human rights, used as complementary evidence that supports the proof and used as part of the consideration of proof, especially in the form of instructions or letters to strengthen the judge's conviction. The legal consequences of the use of circumstantial evidence in imposing criminal charges based on the principle of legal certainty remain normatively legal. As long as the use of circumstantial evidence is in accordance with its position, its use remains in line with the principle of legal certainty as one of the fundamental principles in the Indonesian legal system
Pelaksanaan Restrukturisasi Kredit terhadap Penyelesaian Perjanjian Kredit Perbankan
No full textThis study discusses the implementation of credit restructuring in the settlement of banking credit agreements in Indonesia. Credit restructuring is a corrective effort undertaken by banks for debtors experiencing difficulties in fulfilling their obligations, as regulated in the Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No.11/POJK.03/2015 and No.40/POJK.03/2019, as well as Bank Indonesia Regulation No.14/15/PBI/2012. The research employs a descriptive analytical method, which involves detailed explanations of the topics under discussion The research was conducted at a state-owned bank in Indonesia, which is kept confidential to protect the institution’s privacy. The legal materials used consist of primary and secondary legal sources; primary materials include statutory regulations arranged hierarchically and legally binding in society. The results indicate that the implementation of restructuring involves multiple stages, ranging from credit monitoring, feasibility analysis, to the formulation of the restructuring agreement as part of efforts to rescue problematic credit. Restructuring may involve interest rate reductions, term extensions, principal or interest arrears reductions, additional credit facilities, or conversion of credit into equity participation. Findings also reveal that open communication, transparency, and good faith between debtor and creditor are key to successful restructuring. Furthermore, the success of restructuring is measured by smooth installment payments after restructuring, while failure may result in collateral auction. This study is expected to provide both conceptual and practical contributions to the development of banking law and enhance public understanding of rights and obligations in credit restructuring
ANALISIS ALIH MEDIA NASKAH KUNO DI PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFPenelitian ini menganalisis proses alih media naskah kuno di Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta sebagai upaya pelestarian koleksi bernilai sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan alih media upaya ini sangat membantu dalam melindungi koleksi dari kerusakan dan memudahkan pengguna dalam mengakses secara digital. Alih media yang dilakukan oleh Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta mengacu pada Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) yang dibuat. Tahapan alih media yang dilakukan dalam alih media koleksi ke dalam bentuk digital dilakukan mulai dari pengelompokan, identifikasi koleksi, proses alih media dan penyimpanan. Beberapa masalah yang muncul dalam proses alih media adalah scanner yang kadang bermasalah, ruangan yang kurang memadai, dan dari sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam proses alih media
Praktik Jual Beli Sayuran Sistem Untingan dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah (Studi Kasus Di Pasar Gambar Wonodadi Blitar)
Get PDFABSTRACTThe practice of buying and selling vegetables using the "untingan" system refers to a type of transaction where goods are bundled into small groups. The aim of this research is to analyze the Islamic economic perspective regarding the practice conducted at the Gambar Wonodadi Blitar market, where each bundle (per bundle) is not weighed, but only estimated. The approach used is a phenomenological approach with field research employing a descriptive qualitative method. Primary data sources were obtained through direct observation, interviews, and documentation. This primary data was supported by secondary data sourced from books, scientific journals, and other relevant information. The results of the study indicate that the buying and selling practice fulfills the necessary conditions, namely: 1. There are sellers and buyers involved in the transaction; 2. There is an object being traded, in this case, vegetables; 3. The transaction has a good intention and purpose; 4. There is an agreement (Ijab Kabul) between both parties without coercion and without causing harm to either party. The practice is also free from prohibited aspects, including haram li dzatihi (prohibition due to the nature of the object being sold), since vegetables are not haram objects. It is also free from haram li ghoirihi (prohibitions related to other factors besides the object being traded), such as: 1. Tadlis (misrepresentation); 2. Ihtikar (monopoly); 3. Ba’i najasy (manipulation of prices); 4. Riba (usury); 5. Maysir (gambling); and 6. Gharar (excessive uncertainty). In this transaction, the untingan system used falls under the category of gharar qalil (slight uncertainty), which, according to scholars, is permissible as long as the conditions and terms of the transaction are fulfilled. According to the urf (customary practice) principle, this practice is also allowed because it does not violate any rules. In this transaction, the urf principle is met, as: 1. It brings logical benefits; 2. It is common in society or at least among most people; and 3. It does not contradict any established religious texts (nash). In Islamic economics, selling without weighing or estimating (ba’i jizaf) is permitted as long as it meets the following requirements: 1. The object being sold must exist and be visible to both parties; 2. Both parties (the seller and buyer) do not know the exact measurement or weight; 3. The estimation process must be carried out by someone who is skilled or experienced in it; and most importantly, 4. It does not harm either party. Therefore, it can be concluded that the practice of buying and selling using the untingan system at the Gambar Wonodadi Blitar market is a valid transaction according to the Islamic economic perspective. ABSTRAKPraktik jual beli sayuran sistem untingan merupakan jual beli yang memiliki arti diikat kecil-kecil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tinjauan ekonomi islam terkait praktik yang dilakukan di pasar Gambar Wonodadi Blitar dikarenakan dalam setiap untingan (ikatan) yang dibuat tidak dilakukan penimbangan melainkan hanya dikira-kira. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan fenomenologis dengan jenis penelitian lapangan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data primer diperoleh dari terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk melakukan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data primer didukung oleh data sekunder yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan berbagai informasi lain yang memiliki korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik jual beli sudah memenuhi rukun yakni: 1. terdapat penjual dan pembeli yang melakukan transaksi; 2. Terdapat obyek yang ditransaksikan berupa sayuran; 3. Memiliki maksud dan tujuan yang baik; 4. Terdapat kesepakatan ijab Kabul antara kedua belah pihak tanpa paksaan dan tidak merugikan salah satu pihak. Praktik jual beli juga terbebas dari hal-hal yang dilarang yaitu haram li dzatihi atau keharaman dari zat obyek yang dijual, dalam hal ini sayuran bukanlah obyek yang haram. Kemudian juga terbebas dari aspek haram li ghoirihi atau hal-hal yang dilarang diluar dari zat obyek yang ditransaksikan antara lain yaitu: 1. Tadlis; 2. Ihtikar; 3. Ba’I najasy; 4. Riba; 5. Maysir; dan 6. Gharar. Dalam traksaksi ini sistem untingan yang digunakan tergolong ke dalam gharar qalil (kecil) dimana menurut para ulama hal ini diperbolehkan asalkan rukun dan syaratnya terpenuhi. Menurut kaidah urf (adat/ kebiasaan) hal ini juga diperbolehkan dikarenakan tidak melanggar. Pada transaksi ini sudah memenuhi kaidah urf yakni: 1. mengandung kemaslahatan yang logis; 2. berlaku umum pada masyarakat atau minimal di kalangan sebagian besar; dan 3. tidak bertentangan dengan nash. Dalam ekonomi islam sendiri, jual beli tanpa timbang atau taksiran (ba’i jizaf) diperbolehkan asalkan memenuhi syarat yakni obyek yang dijual harus ada wujudnya dan dapat dilihat oleh kedua belah pihak, Kedua belah pihak (penjual dan pembeli) tidak mengetahui secara pasti kadar takarannya, Proses taksiran harus dilakukan oleh orang yang sudah ahli (terbiasa), dan yang paling utama adalah tidak merugikan salah satu pihak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktik jual beli sistem untingan di pasar Gambar Wonodadi Blitar adalah transaksi yang sah menurut perspektif ekonomi islam.Kata Kunci : Jual Beli, Ba’i, Untingan, Ba’i Jizaf, Urf, Ekonomi Islam
Tinjauan Ekonomi Islam atas Perilaku Konsumen Muslim dalam Pembelian Produk UMKM: Studi Kasus pada RN Buket
Get PDFThis study examines Muslim consumer behavior in selecting and purchasing products from RN Buket MSME through the lens of Islamic economics. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews with the business owner and 13 Muslim consumers. The findings reveal that consumer purchase decisions are shaped by a combination of rational, emotional, and religious considerations. Products are evaluated based on aesthetics, price, functionality, and alignment with Islamic values. The application of Sharia principles by the business owner, including ensuring product halalness, price transparency, and honesty in promotion, significantly influences consumer trust and satisfaction. Furthermore, the commitment to avoid riba, gharar, and maisir strengthens the MSME’s image as a trustworthy business adhering to Islamic economic principles. The trust cultivated fosters consumer loyalty, reflected in repeat purchases and product recommendations. Overall, implementing Islamic economic principles not only promotes blessings in business practices but also serves as an effective strategy for enhancing trust and loyalty among Muslim consumers toward MSME product
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan E-commerce bagi UMKM di Desa Cileng: Pelatihan dan Implementasi
No full textPengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) di Desa Cileng, Kecamatan Poncol, Magetan dengan melatih mereka menggunakan e-commerce untuk perluasan pasar dan peningkatan pendapatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan pengembangan komunitas berbasis aset (ABCD), dengan fokus pada aset manusia, sosial, fisik, dan ekonomi. Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari identifikasi aset, perencanaan partisipatif, pelaksanaan pelatihan, serta evaluasi dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pelatihan e-commerce telah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan UMKM secara signifikan dalam menjalankan toko online. Hasilnya hampir 90% peserta mampu mendirikan toko online sendiri, sementara sekitar 60% melaporkan peningkatan penjualan pada bulan pertama. Tantangan yang harus diatasi termasuk infrastruktur yang tidak memadai dan kurangnya pengetahuan teknis. Untuk keberlanjutan program, diperlukan pendampingan berkelanjutan, pengembangan infrastruktur digital, dan kemitraan dengan berbagai institusi. Dapat disimpulkan dari penelitian ini bahwa memanfaatkan e-commerce akan menjadi cara yang efektif untuk memberdayakan UMKM di pedesaan, namun hanya jika semua pemangku kepentingan mendukung dan bekerja sama dalam masalah ini
Instant Gratification Vs Etika Syariah : Studi Psikologi Keuangan Dalam Penggunaan Fintech Oleh Generasi Z Muslim
Get PDFPerkembangan financial technology (fintech) telah mengubah pola perilaku keuangan Generasi Z Muslim, di mana kemudahan transaksi instan berpotensi memperkuat kecenderungan instant gratification yaitu kebutuhan untuk mendapatkan kepuasan sesaat tanpa mempertimbangkan konsekuensi jangka panjang. Namun, fenomena ini bertentangan dengan prinsip etika Syariah, seperti larangan riba, gharar, dan maysir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesenjangan antara instant gratification dengan nilai-nilai keuangan Islam dalam penggunaan fintech, serta mengidentifikasi faktor psikologis dan sosial yang memengaruhi pengambilan keputusan keuangan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan literature review dengan analisis tematik terhadap sumber sekunder, termasuk jurnal, laporan, dan regulasi terkait fintech Syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendahnya literasi keuangan Syariah dan pengaruh budaya digital memperparah kecenderungan instant gratification pada Generasi Z Muslim. Di sisi lain, fintech Syariah menawarkan solusi alternatif dengan prinsip keuangan syariah, meskipun masih menghadapi tantangan dalam inovasi dan sosialisasi. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, diperlukan pendekatan multidisiplin yang mencakup penguatan regulasi, edukasi berbasis digital, dan pengembangan produk fintech Syariah yang kompetitif.The development of financial technology (fintech) has changed the financial behavior patterns of Generation Z Muslims, where the ease of instant transactions has the potential to strengthen the tendency for instant gratification, namely the need to get instant satisfaction without considering long-term consequences. However, this phenomenon is contrary to Sharia ethical principles, such as the prohibition of usury, gharar and maysir. This research aims to analyze the gap between instant gratification and Islamic financial values in the use of fintech, as well as identifying psychological and social factors that influence financial decision making. This research method uses a literature review with thematic analysis of secondary sources, including journals, reports and regulations related to Sharia fintech. The research results show that low Sharia financial literacy and the influence of digital culture exacerbate the tendency for instant gratification in Generation Z Muslims. On the other hand, Sharia fintech offers alternative solutions based on sharia financial principles, although it still faces challenges in innovation and socialization. To overcome this, a multidisciplinary approach is needed which includes strengthening regulations, digital-based education, and developing competitive Sharia fintech products
Kualitas Pelayanan Publik Dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Daring di Tengah Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019
Get PDFDuring the current COVID-19 pandemic, every element of the community was askedto be able to adjust their activities by paying attention to the principles of physical distancing. Responding to this, the Government then made a policy on Large-Scale Social Restrictions, one of the implications is that both parties from government and non-governmentelementsareobligedtoworkfromhome.Nevertheless,thegovernment administration process must be ensured to continue to run effectively and optimally so thatthepublicservicesprovidedremainofhighquality.Thisstudyaimstoexaminethe literatureone-learningaspartoftheimplementationofe-governmentthatcanprovide quality services during a COVID-19 pandemic situation. This study uses a qualitative approachtothetypeofliteraturestudyresearch.Incollectingresearchdata,researchers utilize some literature both literature research and field research, which are primary or secondary. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of e-government is not only done in the realm of government but can also be applied in Higher Education, namely by the application of e-learning in the process of teaching andlearningactivities.Ofcourse,ifthise-governmentpracticecanworkwell,thenthe stakeholders in Higher Education can also feel a great benefit so that it can have an impact on improving the quality of public services in the field of Education. This research can be concluded that online learning as part of the implementation of e- government can make a positive contribution in the process of teaching and learning activities, and become a relevant medium for creating optimal service quality to students
Strategi Pelayanan Publik yang dilakukan Desa Ngunut, Kecamatan Babadan, Kabupaten Ponorogo
Get PDFThe village head has an important role in realizing quality public services for the community. The village head and village government apparatus have made efforts to realize public services and good governance with innovative programs and activities. However, the level of community welfare has not experienced a more significant increase. This research aims to describe the strategy of village heads to realize good public services. This type of research uses qualitative research with a descriptive qualitative research design. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis test was carried out using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The data that has been collected is tested for validity by using triangulation of techniques and sources. The results of this study can be concluded that the village head in realizing public services is quite good. In improving public services, the strategy of the Ngunut village head is to apply a disciplined attitude to place village officials according to their abilities and main tasks, to uphold solidarity and transparency, to improve service facilities and infrastructure. The village head always strives to carry out his duties and functions as a leader in the village government and strives to improve the quality of service for the community through the performance of the village head and village government officials.Strategy; Village Head; Public Service
Exploring Policies to Reduce Stunting in Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam: A Literature Review
Get PDFStunting is a global problem that occurs in developing countries. Stunting policies in developing countries have different implementation trends. This research aims to explore and describe stunting policies through Indonesian government programs with the governments of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The selection of country objects is determined based on the average stunting prevalence rate based on the Asian Development Bank in 2022, namely 2 countries above the average stunting prevalence in Southeast Asia (Indonesia and the Philippines) and 2 countries below the average stunting prevalence rate (Vietnam and Malaysia). This research was conducted using a literature study method on 80 main articles from international journals with a publication range of 2019-2024. The findings were analyzed with indicators of successful policy implementation: Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure which serve to assess the role and success of the policy. This research shows that there are similarities and differences in the policy implementation framework in each country. Similarities are caused by culture, socio-demographics, and poverty which are the dominant factors for stunting. The differences that arise are caused by the approach chosen by the government to overcome stunting. As a recommendation, the government needs to make the stunting handling program a national priority. In supporting the success of stunting management policies, it is necessary to strengthen coordination between institutions, build commitment between implementers, and align the policy agenda between stakeholder