Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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THE POTENTIAL VARIABLES OF FIRST CHILD’S ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS FROM 1994 TO 2012
Get PDFAim: This study aimed at comparing predictor variables associated with the environmental quality of first child. Since the beginning of 1987, Indonesian National Family Planning Board (BKKBN) has been discouraging early first marriage (marrying before 20 for females and before 25 for males). In 2016, BKKBN recommended ideal ages of marriage for females and males as old as 21 and 25 respectively. Methodology and Results: This study was a retrospective analysis involving 5 groups of data reported within the period of 1994-1997 (n=34,225), 1997-2000 (n=34,227), 2001-2004 (n=33,088), 2005-2009 (n=40,701), and 2009-2012 (n=45,607). Data were collected from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey datasets (SDKI [Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia]). Data were analyzed using chi-square tests. Results indicated several variables that significantly contributed to the first child’s environment quality: (1) residential area (p value<0.05); (2) mother’s educational background (p value<0.05); (3) mother’s exposure to information media (p value<0.05); (4) mother’s employment status (significance were only found in two groups of data: 1994-1997 and 1997-2000 with each p value<0.05); (5) father’s educational background (p value<0.05). Conclusion, significance and impact of study: In conclusion, there was an inconsistency with regard to strong and weak potential factors of first child’s environment quality within an eighteen-year period. It is recommended to reassess the predictors. It is also important to develop strategies to improve marriage quality and family formation.
TRENDS IN URBAN MORPHOLOGICAL DATA CAPTURE: A REVIEW OF THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON UTILITY OF GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY
Get PDFAim: The purpose of this paper is to review the trends in the application of geospatial technology in urban morphology data capture and studies. Methodology and Results: This review was guided by critical thinking research approach, which involves analysis of relevant literature on a phenomenon to enable to draw conclusion(s) on whether a claim is true, sometimes true, partly true or false and using methods to applied in critical thinking include broad intellectual criteria such as clarity, credibility, accuracy, precision, relevance, depth, significance and fairness. The results show that increasing urbanization and sub-optimal locations of urban amenities and utilities has resulted in many cities facing environmental, land use and socio-economic challenges. This can be mitigated by the implementation of cost-effective urban development plans and policies together with an in-depth understanding of the interactions existing between urban natural and human systems, an undertaking reliably aided by geospatial technologies notably Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems, Global Positioning System and Photogrammetry. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: This paper is therefore anchored on an understanding of urban morphology, factors determining its changes over time and demonstrated achievements of the utility of geospatial technology in the study of the same with policy implications for the applications of the geospatial technology in urban studies
THE CURRENT STATUS AND STEPS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF PESHAWAR-PAKISTAN
Get PDFAim: This article was meant to review the current status and limitations of treating municipal solid waste (MSW) by the developing countries with a case study from Peshawar-Pakistan. Methodology and Results: The city is divided into 4 towns and used a stratified sampling and survey to inspect MSW management from collection to final disposal. The results show food contributes to 14.3% of the total waste, followed by plastic waste 4%, paper, 2.7%, glass 1.2%, wood 1.1%, and metals/rubber 0.6%. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: About 60% of the wastes at collection points make the air difficult for breathing. There are several treatment options for the sustainable management of MSW, including composting, incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, biological treatment, and recycling. The developed countries had strictly imposed regulations to increase waste recycling and material recovery. In contrast, in the developing countries, the lack of proper legislation, planning, and awareness regarding waste reduction has worsened the MSW related problems. In this article, the essential steps needed in formulating the strategy for sustainable MSW management and assessment in terms of sustainability in the developing countries have been considered
STUDY ON EFFECTIVE NOISE BARRIER AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL (SMAN 02) CIBINONG
Get PDFAim: The aim of this study is to design noise barrier shapes and to investigate its effectiveness in reducing traffic noise at one public school in Indonesia. Methodology and Results: Two types of barriers were designed on a laboratory scale using plywood materials and the noise level was measured using Noise Analyzer Briiel and Kjaer Type 2250. Noise reduction was analyzed by using the Insertion Loss method based on the difference of the noise level before and after implementing the barrier. The results show that the barrier Type II with a length of 200 cm, a receiver height of 30 cm, and a curved shape of 45° angle (Type L) is more effective in reducing the noise than the other variation of barrier shape and length. Barrier Type L (Type II) can reduce the noise at high frequency between 1–8 kHz with an Insertion Loss value of 6.9–27.9 dB. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The noise barrier Type II, with specifications of 20 m length, 3 m height, and barrier material of reinforced concrete, is recommended to be used at the high school to reduce the road traffic noise
THE PROSPECT OF DIGITALLY ENHANCED COLORIMETRY AS AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR WATER QUALITY DETERMINATION
Get PDFAim: This study aims to observe the potential implementation of analytical methods based on digital image processing as an alternative method of colorimetric analysis that can be implemented in site. Methodology and Results: Pt-Co standard series solutions at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 concentration units (CU) were measured by spectrophotometric method and digitally enhanced colorimetric (DEC) method to obtain a response in the form of absorbance (Abs) and area under curve (AUC) value. Absorbance measurement was carried out at 317.5 nm (λ max). The AUC value was obtained from the 3-point RGB value measurements, made average so that a color band is produced, then quantified by translating the color band intensity into the response curve in ImageJ software. The Abs and AUC values of artificial samples are processed into CU values with linear equations resulting from linear regression test. The results of the calculation of CU values from the two measurement methods were tested using independent t test method to examine significant differences between the two measurement methods. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Coefficient of determination (R2) plot CU VS AUC = 0.8638, in independent t test was obtained p-value = 0.4246 at the 95% confidence level. Therefore, it can be concluded that digitally enhanced colorimetric could be used to determine water quality, especially color parameter in site measurement