Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATERSHED CHARACTERISTICS IN BALI PROVINCE FOR SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Get PDFAims: This research will provide an overview of the comparative analysis of watershed characteristics in Bali which are differentiated from watersheds flowing to the north, and watersheds flowing to the south of Bali Province. The aim is to determine the characteristics of each, and proper sustainable management for each watershed. Methodology and Results: This is a descriptive, quantitative research that analyzes and compares the characteristics of the Saba watershed and Unda watershed, where the characteristics analyzed are morphometric and hydrological. From the analysis, it was observed that the Unda watershed, which has a flow direction to the south of the island of Bali, and the Saba watershed, flowing to the north of the island of Bali, possess several differences and similarities. The similarities include rainfall patterns, high temperatures, and the comparison values between Qmax and Qmin is significant. Meanwhile, the differences include the Saba watershed slope being steeper than the Unda watershed, and the Saba has young geomorphic features, while the Unda watershed possesses advanced geomorphic features. Conclusion, significance, and impact of study: Differences in watershed characteristics lead to differences in the management carried out. Furthermore, in terms of hydrology, where there are lesser differences, the sustainable management of the Saba and Unda Watershed also require conservation in form of a reservoir (weir or dam). This is to enable the storage of water in the rainy period for the dry season.
A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT IN BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFAim: This study aims to assess the entire process of septage management comprising regulation, operational procedures, finance, community involvement, and water quality analysis to maximize the initial and hugest human fecal sludge treatment called Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant (IPLT) in Yogyakarta. Methodology and Results: The Modified EHRA (Environmental Health Risk Assessment) method was applied which focused only on wastewater treatment aspect. Several regulations including standard quality methods (SNI) were utilized and made a comparison between baseline rules and obtained results. Furthermore, quality assessment was accomplished by observation and interview. The results showed that the human sector needs to improve not only the amount of operators but also urgently put up protective personal equipment during the suction process. The dissemination of attractive information about sludge suction service done by PUPKP as a representation of the local government among the dwellers ought to upgrade a lot. Technologies employed which are carriage transportation and vacuum machine, are good enough. Contrarily, septage treatment plants require extra-effort to enhance it as most water quality parameters barely meet the standard quality. BOD, COD, ammonia, total coliform, oil and grease do not meet the third class of water quality (Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 82/2001). Subsequently, the effectiveness of each unit i.e. anaerobic tank and stabilization ponds are under 50% and the loading rate has a maximum capacity of 87.5m3/day, and 60m3/day minimum capacity. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Therefore, almost all aspects of septage management in Bantul Yogyakarta are required to improv
COMMUNITY GARDENING AND THE CAPACITY TO ENRICH SOCIAL BONDING IN URBAN NEIGHBOURHOODS
Get PDFAim: The aim of this concept paper is to identify a conceptual framework to investigate the level of social bonding/social attachment amongst participants of community gardening activity. It is estimated that more than 50% of the population would be living in urban areas by 2050. One of the drivers is the urban migration, where people are relocating themselves to new neighbourhoods, cities or countries often with the hope of better economic opportunities and social infrastructure, therefore changing the landscape of the new society and the place they reside. It is worrying as these people might not receive enough social support due to their limited social network. It could further escalate to social well-being problems such as individualism and social isolation and could later manifest mentally or psychologically as loneliness. Methodology and Results: This paper argues that the selection of the type of urban green spaces to be integrated into urban neighbourhoods is critical in addressing the well-being problems. Community gardens, as part of urban green spaces, offer meaningful social interaction opportunities, often being missed in the context of modern societies and urban lifestyle. Therefore, there is a need to review the effects of community gardening activities as an intervention strategy to strengthen the degree of social bonding to identify its capacity in integrating isolated people back into community life. Conclusion, significance and impact study: As a conclusion, urban designers and policymakers are suggested to adopt community gardens as a safe open space in cities to encourage more people-people-places interaction
RAW WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS TO DISCOVER THE CAUSE OF PIPELINE SCALLING PROBLEM IN PT. X (ICE PRODUCTION COMPANY)
Get PDFPT. X is one of the ice companies in which its largest company is located in Bali, more precisely in the Pidada area, North Denpasar. Based on field observations the area is an area that has a calcareous soil structure. The water source of PT. X was extracted from the groundwater. From the field observation, it was found that the pipeline network, that connected the inlet water to water treatment system and ice production units, was severely covered by faint white scale. In order to discover the origin of this scale, water quality testing need to be carried out. From the results, it was found that the total hardness in the inlet water, taken from the groundwater tap, was 162.85 mg/l with calcium concentration of 2.15 mg/l and iron 3.83 mg/l. Water quality testing was also carried out in the water treatment unit consisting of resin softener where the total hardness surprisingly increased into 279.81 mg/l, calcium concentration was 2.96 mg/l, iron concentration was 0.55 mg/l. Even after being treated in softener resin, the total hardness increased sharply to 483 mg/l, which categorized as extreme hardness. The increase in total hardness indicates that there was a failure in the operation of the water treatment system, even it also contributed to the higher hardness and calcium concentration. This over-year’s treatment failure has been causing accumulation of hardness and calcium concentration in the compartment of both water treatment system and ice production unit that inflicts a higher hardness level in the effluent
PRIVATIZATION OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Get PDFAim: The fundamental rationale for a systematic literature review is to examine opportunities and challenges in the privatization of solid waste management, and share knowledge to spark and inspire a process that will usher in public private partnership to ensure cities are kept clean for habitability. Methodology and Results: A systematic review of the literature using information obtained from different sources was performed. The Google Search Engine was used to search for these articles. During the search numerous combinations of words and phrases were used to ensure articles reflect the most recent knowledge and scholarly works. Only peer-reviewed articles published after 2000 were selected, except extracts perceived to be of fundamental mileage to the study. However, articles published by staunch international organizations working in privatization of solid waste management for years which had produced indefatigable knowledge in the field were stealthily appraised. The privatization of solid waste management has resulted in some successes which include, but not restricted to: effectiveness, cost saving, timely service delivery, access to funding and expansion, quality services, partnership and community participation, cleanliness and healthy environment, jobs creation and better income, elimination of public monopoly and promotion of competition, new technologies and innovative techniques, public sector concentration on supervision, resources conservation and protection from risks; less bureaucracy and prompt action regarding concerns and complaints. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: With a well-thought model and proper public supervision, the privatization of solid of waste management can deliver habitable cities, though not without negative impacts and obstacles
HYBRID ANAEROBIC BAFFLED REACTOR FOR REMOVAL OF BOD AND PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION IN DOMESTIC WASTEWATER
Get PDFHybrid Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (HABR) is a development technology from the Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR), which was already known as a technology that is successful in treating domestic waste. Aims: The objectives of these studies were to investigate the efficiency of reducing BOD and phosphate levels in HABR with zeolite (ZE) and activated carbon (AC) media. Methodology and Results: HABR reactor made of acrylic material with a size of 90 cm x 20 cm x 30 cm. The reactor designed has 7 compartments, with details the first 5 compartments are suspended growth microorganism reactors and the next 2 compartments are attached growth microorganism reactors. Conclusion, significance, and impact of study: The result of the research showed that the efficiency of reducing BOD concentration in the reactor with ZE and AC media were 59.30% and 65.12%, respectively. The final BOD concentration in the AC reactor is 30 mg/L, this value meets the domestic wastewater quality standard required by East Java Governor Regulation Number 72 of 2013 concerning Wastewater Quality Standards for Industry and/or Other Business Activities. The final BOD concentration in the ZE reactor exceeded the required quality standard with a value of 35 mg/L. The final phosphate levels of the two reactors meet the wastewater quality standards for business and/or laundry activities with a maximum phosphate concentration of 10 mg/L. The final phosphate levels in the ZE and AC reactors were 3.74 mg/L and 8.79 mg/L, respectively. The efficiency of phosphate removal in ZE and AC reactors were 70.58% and 30.87%, respectively
THE EFFECT OF ROTOR ROTATION SPEED ON DECREASED LABORATORY LIQUID WASTE POLLUTING PARAMETERS
Get PDFaboratory wastewater is produced through laboratory activities. Laboratory wastewater can have a large impact on the environment if it is not processed before being discharged into the water body. Laboratory waste treatment can be carried out using suspended growth technology to reduce pollutant loads, especially Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Aims: This study aims to treat wastewater produced by the activity of laboratory using suspended growth technology. Methodology and Results: This research was conducted by finding the most efficient rotor rotation in degrading the load of BOD5 and COD pollutants. The reactor used is a Mixed Flow Reactor type reactor made of acrylic material with a thickness of 5.5 mm. The reactor is arranged into three series with the same sampling time and different rotor turns that expressed in rotors per minute (rpm). The reactor series consists of Reactor I with 50 rpm rotor rotation speed, 100 rpm Reactor II and 150 rpm Reactor III. Processing is carried out using 8 hours of detention time and variation of sampling time every 8 hours. Conclusion, significant and impact study: From the results of the study obtained the highest level of effectiveness of reducing pollutant load on processing using 150 rpm rotor rotation and 40 hours sampling time which is 94.6% for BOD5 parameters and 94.4% for COD parameters
DETERMINATION OF DEOXYGENATION RATE OF URBAN RIVER USING MODIFICATION METHODS FOR CITEPUS RIVER WATER, BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Get PDFRiver water quality modeling needs appropriate and suitable coefficients especially in application for specific river like urban river. Aim: This study aims to determine the value of the coefficient with a short term duration and a variable test time span. Several ways and methods of determining the rate of deoxygenation are developed according to the characteristics of the river and the environment. Modification method was applied in this research in which the test time span was unequal. The river chosen in this study is the Citepus River, Bandung, Indonesia representing an urban river in a tropical country. Methodology and Results: Sampling was carried out in the dry season. The laboratory analysis method used in determining the rate of deoxygenation uses the Slope Method of data from the short term incubation, which is ten days. The results showed that the Thomas Slope method\u27s deoxygenation rate (K1) was 0.095 per day in the upstream segment, 0.917 per day in the middle segment, and 0.180 per day in the downstream segment. While the Ultimate BOD (La) value is 46.95 mg/l in the upstream segment, 38.70 mg/l in the middle segment, and 37.60 mg/l in the downstream segment. Conclusion, significance, and impact of study: The results of this study show that the value of the deoxygenation rate is similar to the theoretical surface water conditions. However, in the upstream segment, there is still a low deoxygenation rate value due to non-optimal activity of microorganisms. This findings will be very useful both in water quality modeling and river management