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Yellow fever virus modulates cytokine mRNA expression and inducesactivation of caspase 3/7 in the human hepatocarcinoma cell lineHepG2
No full textAbstractYellow fever virus (YFV) penetrates the skin through the bite of a vector mosquito and spreads to various organs, mainly theliver, where it causes lesions and induces necrosis and apoptosis. We evaluated the mRNA expression of various cytokinesand the activation of caspases in HepG2 cells infected with YFV. We observed that interferon-? (IFN-?) expression decreasedand IFN-?, transforming growth factor (TGF)-? IIIR, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 expression increased in cells infected withgenotype 1. In contrast, TNF-? expression increased in cells infected with genotype 2 but not with genotype 1. This providesinsights into the role of cytokine regulation in yellow fever
A novel recombinant genome of minute virus of canines in China
No full textAbstractIn this study, we determined almost all of the genome sequence of minute virus of canines (MVC) strain CDK47/2017 andperformed phylogenetic analysis with this isolate and other MVC isolates. The genome of CDK47/2017 has the followingcharacteristics: 1) The amino acid sequence of the NS1 protein is similar to that of the novel strain 15D009/KT241026.1,which has 17 identical amino acid changes and two identical amino acid insertions compared with other known MVC strains.These two strains clustered in a unique branch in an NSI-based phylogenetic tree. 2) Phylogenetic analysis based on the NP1protein showed that strain CDK47/2017clustered in an independent branch with strains 15D009/KT241026.1 and HM-6/AB158475.1, both of which has 10 identical amino acid changes compared with other known MVC strains. 3) Eight uniqueamino acid substitutions of the CDK47/2017 capsid protein resulted in it forming a unique branch in the phylogenetic tree.4) Recombination events were identified between the 3? end of the NS1 gene and 5? end of NP1 gene. Together, these characteristicssuggest that strain CDK47/2017 represents a novel MVC strain that is distinct from all known MVC strains withsequences in the GenBank database. This contributes to a greater understanding of the genetic evolution of MVC
Genomic sequencing of a virus representing a novel typewithin the species Dyopipapillomavirus 1 in an Indian River Lagoonbottlenose dolphin
No full textAbstractFecal samples collected from free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (BDs) in the Indian River Lagoon of Florida wereprocessed for viral discovery using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach. A 693-bp contig identified in the NGSdata was nearly identical to the partial L1 gene sequence of a papillomavirus (PV) previously found in a penile papilloma ina killer whale (Orcinus orca). Based on this partial bottlenose dolphin papillomavirus (BDPV) sequence, a nested inversePCR and primer-walking strategy was employed to generate the complete genome sequence. The full BDPV genome consistedof 7299 bp and displayed a typical PV genome organization. The BDPV E6 protein contained a PDZ-binding motif,which has been shown to be involved in carcinogenic transformation involving high-risk genital human PVs. Screening of12 individual fecal samples using a specific endpoint PCR assay revealed that the feces from a single female BD displaying agenital papilloma was positive for the BDPV. Genetic analysis indicated that this BDPV (Tursiops truncatus papillomavirus8; TtPV8) is a new type of Dyopipapillomavirus 1, previously sequenced from an isolate obtained from a penile papillomain a harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Although only a partial L1 sequence has been determined for a PV detected ina killer whale genital papilloma, our finding of a nearly identical sequence in an Atlantic BD may indicate that membersof this viral species are capable of host jumping. Future work is needed to determine if this virus is a high-risk PV that iscapable of inducing carcinogenic transformation and whether it poses a significant health risk to wild delphinid populations
Interaction of historical and modern Sardinian African swine feverviruses with porcine and wild?boar monocytes and monocyte?derivedmacrophages
No full textAbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of wild and domestic pigs that is present in many parts of Africa,Asia and Europe, including Sardinia (Italy). Deletions in the EP402R and B602L genes have been found in almost all ASFvirus (ASFV) strains circulating in Sardinia from 1990 onwards, and modern Sardinian strains (isolated after 1990) mighthave acquired some selective advantage compared to historical ones (isolated before 1990). Here, we analysed the host cellresponses of wild boars and domestic pigs upon infection with virus variants. Higher intracellular levels of the late proteinp72 were detected after infection with the modern strain 22653/14 compared to the historical strain Nu81.2, although bothisolates grew at the same rate in both monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. Higher cytokine levels in the supernatantsof ASFV-infected pig monocytes compared to pig macrophages and wild-boar cells were detected, with no differencesbetween isolates
A weighted interval rough number based method to determine relative importance ratings of customer requirements in QFD product planning
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