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Barriers in Proper Maternal Referral Systems: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Research
No full textThe maternal referral system is a crucial component of healthcare services designed to ensure the welfare of women and babies throughout pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum phase. This method allows pregnant women with complications to get improved and specialized healthcare treatments in adequately equipped and skilled maternity facilities. However, the effectiveness of maternal referral systems is sometimes hindered by several complex and interrelated concerns, especially in resource-limited countries. This research seeks to examine barriers in the maternal referral system. This study utilizes a scoping review of qualitative research techniques to analyze the PEO framework. The P (Population) component examines the attributes of pregnant women and healthcare professionals engaged in the maternal referral system. The E (Exposure) component examines the obstacles faced in the referral process. Finally, the O (Outcome) component examines the impact of these constraints on the quality and accessibility of maternal health care. This scoping review employs many databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer, and Google Scholar, to identify papers using the phrases "maternal referral system," "barriers," "healthcare services," and "health outcomes." The study results suggested that six publications identified several impediments hindering women\u27s access to hospital delivery facilities and maternal referral systems. The inclination towards home birth is shaped by diminished autonomy, economic reliance, and the impact of socio-cultural norms, especially among young women and vulnerable populations, who often disregard referral advisories despite elevated risks. Obstacles within the healthcare system including inadequate coordination among hospitals, insufficient comprehension of referral standards, limited training for healthcare professionals, and challenges related to political and information technology infrastructure. Additional significant obstacles include inadequate communication prior to referral, insufficient referral paperwork, and a scarcity of ambulances and qualified medical staff. Moreover, women encounter mobility limitations, delays in accessing care, and disrespectful treatment from healthcare providers. The maternal referral system aims to improve its efficacy, efficiency, and responsiveness, hence resulting in enhanced health outcomes for mothers and newborns and reducing maternal and neonatal death rates
Ambon Banana (Musa acuminata) Consumption and Its Effect on Gestational Hypertension Among Pregnant Women
No full textGestational hypertension is a common pregnancy complication associated with increased risks for maternal and fetal health. Non-pharmacological approaches, including dietary modification, have been explored as potential supportive strategies for blood pressure management. Ambon banana (Musa acuminata) is a potassium rich fruit that may be relevant in this context. This study aimed to examine changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure following Ambon banana consumption among pregnant women with gestational hypertension attending Puskesmas Jalan Emas, Tangerang Regency. A quantitative pre-experimental study using a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted among 31 pregnant women aged 23 to 30 years. Participants consumed two Ambon bananas per day, approximately 200 grams, for seven days. Blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention period. Descriptive statistics and paired t tests were used to assess changes in blood pressure. Mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 147.2 ± 5.0 mmHg to 127.0 ± 5.2 mmHg, and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased from 94.2 ± 4.0 mmHg to 83.4 ± 3.1 mmHg, with both changes reaching statistical significance (systolic p = 0.0001; diastolic p = 0.0005). Given the absence of a control group and the small sample size, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary and do not establish causality. The results indicate an observed association between Ambon banana consumption and short term reductions in blood pressure, warranting further investigation through controlled trials with larger samples and longer follow up to determine clinical relevance and generalizability.
Determinants of Anemia among Female Adolescents in Maubesi Health Center, North Central Timor District, East Nusa Tenggara
No full textAnemia in Indonesia remains a significant public health concern, especially among adolescents. Several diverse factors contribute to anemia in this age group, including suboptimal nutritional intake habits. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with anemia among female adolescents in Lanaus Village, Maubesi District. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in April 2023. The population consisted of all female adolescents in Lanaus Village, totaling 171 individuals. The sample size was calculated using Slovin’s formula, resulting in 63 respondents. Purposive random sampling was used as the sampling technique, and participants were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire. Data analysis included univariate analysis, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. The study found a significant association between anemia and the following factors: compliance with iron supplementation (p-value = 0.002), socioeconomic status (p-value = 0.008), and breakfast habits (p-value = 0.000). On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between BMI and anemia (p-value = 0.096). Among the significant factors, compliance with iron supplementation and breakfast habits was most strongly associated with anemia. Breakfast habits were identified as the dominant factor influencing anemia among female adolescents in Lanaus Village, with a p-value of 0.019 and an odds ratio (OR) of 15.427. Adolescents who did not regularly eat breakfast were found to be 15.42 times more likely to experience anemia. It is essential for adolescents to understand the importance of regular breakfast consumption and adherence to iron supplementation as key strategies in the prevention and control of anemia.Anemia di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi anemia pada remaja cukup beragam. Kebiasaan asupan gizi yang kurang optimal mempengaruhi anemia pada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Lanaus Kecamatan Wasubesi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional yang dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2023. Populasinya adalah seluruh remaja putri di Desa Lanaus yang berjumlah 171 orang perempuan. Sampel diambil berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, yaitu 63 orang perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univarial, chi-square, dan regresi logistik. Terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan suplementasi zat besi (p-value=0.002), sosial ekonomi (p-value=0.008), dan kebiasaan sarapan pagi (p-value=0.000) dengan anemia pada remaja putri. Sebaliknya, tidak terdapat hubungan antara IMT dengan anemia (p-value=0.096). Kepatuhan suplementasi zat besi dan kebiasaan sarapan pagi berhubungan signifikan dengan anemia. Kebiasaan sarapan remaja putri merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi anemia pada remaja putri di Desa Lanalus dengan nilai p-value 0,019 OR 15,427. Remaja yang tidak terbiasa sarapan pagi berisiko mengalami anemia sebesar 15,42 kali. Remaja harus menyadari pentingnya sarapan pagi dan kepatuhan terhadap suplementasi zat besi untuk pencegahan dan pengendalian anemia
The Effect of Air Pollution on Malondialdehyde, Superoxide Dismutase, and Lung Function of Traffic Police in Banjarbaru City
No full textAir pollution has a significant impact on lung health, especially for groups of workers who are directly exposed to pollution, such as traffic police. This study aims to evaluate the effect of air pollution on Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and lung function levels in traffic police in Banjarbaru City. The method used was observational analytic with a cross-sectional research design. This study involved two groups, namely traffic police and non-traffic police, with a purposive sampling technique. The subjects involved totaled 80 people, divided into 40 traffic police and 40 non-traffic police, with the criteria of traffic police who have worked for at least 5 years. Serum MDA and SOD levels and pulmonary function assessment using spirometry were performed in both groups. The results showed that MDA levels in traffic police were higher (184.75 ± 14.5 µM) compared to non-traffic police (178.4 ± 3.4 µM), while SOD levels in traffic police were lower (1.06 ± 0.384 units) compared to non-traffic police (1.22 ± 0.3 units). In addition, Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV1) values in traffic police were lower, while the FEV1/FVC ratio showed no significant difference. Air pollution has a significant effect on increasing MDA, decreasing SOD, FVC, and FEV1 in traffic police. It is recommended to reduce air pollution exposure in this group through stricter pollution control policies and the use of respiratory protective equipment.
Relationship between Growth and Development with Nutritional Status Profile of Children Aged 0-5 Years
No full textStunting remains a major concern in Indonesia, particularly in Jungkat Village, where early detection is crucial for mitigating its impact on child growth and development. While the Pre-Screening Development Questionnaire (KPSP) is commonly used to assess child development, its relationship with nutritional status remains unclear. This study is aimed to determine the nutritional status, KPSP category, and the relationship between these variables in children aged 0-5 years in Jungkat Village. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted from June to August 2023 in Jungkat Village, Mempawah Regency. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University. A total of 400 children aged 0 to 5 years and 11 months were selected using participatory sampling. Height, weight, and KPSP scores were measured following standardized guidelines, and nutritional status was categorized based on height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age indices. Ordinal logistic regression was performed using R to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and KPSP scores. The prevalence of stunting was 36.3% (10.5% severely stunted, 25.8% stunted), while 5.2% had very low weight and 19.2% were underweight. BMI analysis showed 80% had values within the normal range, while 2.2% were overweight, 0.2% obese, and 2.4% severely wasted. In terms of child development, 77.75% exhibited normal development, 19.75% required reassessment, and 2.5% showed developmental deviations. However, no significant correlation was found between nutritional status and KPSP scores (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that factors beyond nutritional status, such as environmental conditions and parenting practices, may have a greater influence on child development. Thus, national nutritional standards should be adapted to local ecological and genetic characteristics to improve the effectiveness of nutritional and health interventions. Further research integrating socio-environmental factors is recommended to gain a more comprehensive understanding of child development determinants
The Effect of Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol Levels of Lipemic Plasma on The Results of HBsAg Screening Using Chemiluminescence Immunoassay
No full textThe results of the Immunochromatographic Method for Infectious Disease Testing (IMLTD) may vary depending on the presence of lipids in donor blood samples, potentially leading to false‐negative or false‐positive outcomes in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of lipid interference on HBsAg screening using the chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) method, to determine the range of triglyceride levels that may influence test results (100 mg/dL to >3000 mg/dL), and to assess practical lipid removal methods to ensure blood safety. An experimental laboratory study was conducted using two sample groups. The first group consisted of six bags of non-lipemic, HBsAg-reactive plasma that were rendered lipemic by the addition of Lipofundin. The second group included 25 bags of lipemic donor plasma that were non-reactive in the initial IMLTD screening and subsequently subjected to lipid removal treatments. Lipid reduction was performed using centrifugation, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and diethyl ether. The results showed no significant differences in HBsAg values before and after Lipofundin addition, indicating that lipemia did not affect HBsAg detection by the CLIA method. However, lipid removal using centrifugation, PEG, and diethyl ether significantly reduced triglyceride and total cholesterol levels (p < 0.05) in lipemic samples that interfered with CLIA analysis. In conclusion, lipemia does not directly affect HBsAg screening results using the CLIA method; however, lipid removal procedures are effective and necessary for managing highly lipemic samples to maintain the accuracy and reliability of blood screening tests
Support in Shaping Pre-Diabetes Preventive Behavior Among Urban Productive-Age: A Path Analysis Study
No full textThe productive-age population in urban areas is susceptible to diabetes, often without awareness of their pre-diabetic condition. This study examines the various roles in pre-diabetes preventive behavior among the productive-age group in urban communities. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, involving 363 respondents aged 20-69 years, selected through simple random sampling. The variables investigated include mindset, motivation, health literacy, social support, family support, and exposure to health information, all of which play significant leveraging roles in pre-diabetes preventive behavior. Path-based multivariate regression analysis was used to explore the direct and indirect influences among these variables. Health literacy was found to play a significant role in shaping mindset, which subsequently contributes to pre-diabetes preventive behavior, as demonstrated by family support (β = 0.010; p = 0.013). Social support (β = 0.051; p = 0.006) and motivation (β = 0.059; p = 0.005) also proved to have a meaningful impact. This study concluded that prevention of the high risk of pre-diabetes in the productive-age group, interventions should focus on improving health literacy, strengthening social and family support, and fostering motivation. The findings highlight the critical need for targeted health education and community-based support systems to address the growing risk of diabetes among urban populations, particularly those in the productive age group who may be unaware of their pre-diabetic status.
The Influence of External Factors on Immunomodulatory Consumption Practices in Health Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic
No full textThe need for the consumption of immunomodulators is very important to support the body’s immunity of health workers during the Covid-19 pandemic to remain prime in providing services. Because the helath of healthcare workers during the pandemic determines the service that will be provided to patients. This study aims to analyze the influence of external factors on the practice of consuming immunomodulators in health workers at the Denpasar City Health Center. This research is non-experimental research using a cross-sectional method. The population of the research is 550 people and the sample size used in this study amounted to 232 people who have met the inclusion criteria. The results obtained for R square were 0.605 which indicated that the support of the head of the Health Center, family support, co-worker support, and advertising promotion had a large role, namely as much as 60.5% in influencing the practice of consuming immunomodulators in health workers. The R-value obtained in this study was 0.778; F of 86,852; and p of 0.000 (p<0.05) where the hypothesis is accepted, which means that there is a significant influence of external factors on the practice of consuming immunomodulators. There is a significant relationship between the support of the head of the Health Center, family support, co-worker support, and advertising promotion on the practice of consuming immunomodulators. External factors greatly influence healthcare workers\u27 attitudes toward maintaining their health, one of which is their responsiveness in consuming immunomodulators during the pandemic.
Associated Factors of Housewives\u27 Behavior in Managing Domestic Waste
No full textThe volume of waste increases each year; however, household waste management remains inadequate. Housewives are often seen as the key individuals responsible for managing waste at home. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors influencing housewives\u27 behavior toward household waste management in Terusan Village, located in the Mempawah Hilir District. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June, involving a sample of 85 housewives selected through total sampling. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results indicated no correlation between housewives\u27 behavior in waste management and their age (p-value = 0.414), education level (p-value = 0.107), knowledge (p-value = 0.364), attitude (p-value = 0.439), availability of facilities (p-value = 0.207), or distance to temporary disposal sites (p-value = 0.438). In contrast, the study found a significant correlation between employment status (p-value = 0.001), family income (p-value = 0.007), and family support (p-value = 0.020) with the behavior of housewives in household waste management. The findings suggest that while demographic factors like age, education, and knowledge do not significantly impact waste management practices, employment status, family income, and support from family members do play a critical role in shaping housewives\u27 behavior in waste management in Terusan Village.
The Impact of Oxytocin Massage with Lemongrass Leaf Massage Oil and Aromatherapy of Biliting Oil on Breast Milk Production
No full textOne of the main problems experienced by breastfeeding mothers is insufficient breast milk production. Oxytocin massage with lemongrass aromatherapy is a solution to increase breast milk production. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of oxytocin massage using Lemongrass Leaf Massage Oil and Aromatherapy of Biliting oil using on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers. This research method is a quasi-experiment with a one group design with pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study were breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 0-2 years as many as 30 people. The sampling technique was accidental sampling. Data processing was carried out univariately and bivariately, using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and SPSS. This study uses a nonparameric test with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test analysis with non-normally distributed data. The sample data scale is a ratio scale. Data collection was conducted at PMB Yulin, Tomohon City using observation sheets and measuring cups from April to September 2024. Breast milk production was measured during the Pre-test before Oxytocin Massage was carried out using Lemongrass Leaf Massage Oil and Aromatherapy of Biliting oil for 3 days, 2 times a day, morning and evening, after that in the Post-test breast milk production was measured again with a measuring cup by means of after 1 hour the mother breastfeeds by manually expressing the right and left breasts for 5 minutes. The stages of the study were the preparation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation stages. The results of the study showed the Wilcoxon P Value Statistical Test of 0.000 <0.050. Breast milk production was measured using a breast measuring cup before and after oxytocin massage where breast milk production <10 ml = 28 people (93.3%) and> 10 ml = 2 people (6.7%) and after oxytocin massage production <10 cc = 0 and> 10 cc. After the massage, there was an increase in breast milk production of 26.03. The results of the study showed that oxytocin massage with Lemongrass Leaf Massage Oil and Aromatherapy of Biliting oil on breast milk production was effective in increasing breast milk production