Journal of Regional and City Planning
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Kampung Taman’s Corridor Structure Investigation: A Territorial Analysis by Using a Snapshot Method
Full text linkCommunality is prime in kampungs; the phenomenon of collective activities in kampungs is reflected in their structure, especially in the network of corridors, i.e., the in-between spaces that are the topic of this research. This research explored territorial analysis by converting photographs into architectural mapping diagrams and photo-collages using the snapshot method. The diagrams were produced to highlight the collective structure and the actual processes of communality. The physical structure was investigated as a medium to accommodate everyday activities in Kampung Taman, Yogyakarta, presenting a territorial analysis with respect to: a) implementation/execution, including activities, expressions, spaces, and joint structures; b) circulation; and c) dynamic phenomena occurring in Kampung Taman. The investigation illustrates a territorial implementation involving the physical structure of Kampung Taman’s corridor network and the user’s interpretation of space when conducting communal activities. This involves sharing social, communal, and public spaces. The territorial activities that affect the Kampung’s physical structure were tracked. The novelty is the discovery of spatial patterns that suggest organic development of the corridor network, as illustrated by a compilation of diagrams composed of strong examples captured directly on-site from Augustus 2018 to November 2020
Feeder Bus Reformation for an Urban Rail Project: The Case of Khon Kaen City, Thailand
Full text linkThe ability to use public transportation should be available throughout the whole service area and the public transportation network should be well connected. This research compared the potential coverage of a feeder bus network in support of urban rail transportation, as well as the impact of future transit network plans on public transportation accessibility in the city of Khoan Kaen, Thailand. The performance of the public transportation system was predicted based on multimodal transport and the completed urban rail public transportation plan, as projected in the year 2036, in order to fill gaps in the existing feeder bus network. The feasibility and characteristics of the route reformation policy concept should provide an effective feeder network for the urban rail system. A comparative study was conducted on stakeholder impact for a three-fold scenario: 1) separate individual lines for bus routes; 2) both forms of feeder bus networks (conventional and reformed); and 3) access to three designated utility areas from the entire feeder bus network. In this scenario, the most effective urban mobility support was provided by public facilities combined with a major roadway directly connecting to the designated positions. The time used on the extended bus route network increased by around 11% on average for the entire trip, while accessibility increased by approximately 67.75%, 47.9%, and 43.68% for the entire multimodal transport network. These analytical results make a significant contribution to future knowledge on urban transformation through urban mass transit projects. The contribution of land acquisition was significant. Also, the demand-responsive connection approach used in this study can be adopted to determine feeder bus reformation options, particularly in emerging economies
Panoramic Mapping of Urban Social Sustainability: A 35-Year Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis
Full text linkIn recent years, ensuring social sustainability has been a global concern for sustainable urban development in both the academic arena and sustainability science. Many studies have been conducted in this area, but a bibliometric analysis has not yet been done previously. This study identified research streams and research hotspots in the urban social sustainability field based on a bibliometric analysis from 1985 to 2020, involving 1,623 documents from the Web of Science database. We used two software packages, Bibliometrix (Biblioshiny) and VOSviewer, for performance and science mapping analysis. The result showed that this research field is growing fast in multiple disciplines. In the publication trend analysis, we found significant changes since 2015. Analysis of leading countries and institutions revealed that developed countries are performing better than developing countries in producing publications on urban social sustainability. In the content analysis, we selected 214 documents and found that the survey method was the most used. Additionally, we found that 13.08 percent of papers (28 out of 214) used as many as 21 different theories, where ‘stakeholder theory,’ ‘planning theory,’ ‘theory of urbanism as a way of life,’ and ‘theory of good city form’ were significantly used. The findings of this study can assist researchers and practitioners by providing valuable insights into the research area of urban social sustainability
The Effect of Transport Infrastructure on Land-use Change: The Case of Toll Road and High-Speed Railway Development in West Java
Full text linkThe development of the Cipularang Toll Road and the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway (HSR) in West Java Province in Indonesia is expected to boost economic growth and provide equitable development, especially from Jakarta to the regencies and cities in West Java. Such large-scale infrastructure developments cause massive changes in land use in the surrounding areas. These impacts are often not anticipated in spatial planning. This study aimed to identify the effect of transport infrastructure development on land-use change in West Java by using cellular automata. It was found that transport infrastructure development has significant impact on the structure and spatial patterns that lead to the formation of a mega-urban region connecting the Jakarta Metropolitan Area and the Greater Bandung Metropolitan Area
Partitional Clustering of Underdeveloped Area Infrastructure with Unsupervised Learning Approach: A Case Study in the Island of Java, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study attempted to identify underdeveloped areas in regencies/cities on the island of Java, Indonesia, based on a number of infrastructure indicators. An unsupervised learning approach was used to perform partition clustering with the K-Means, K-Medoids, and CLARA methods. In addition to technically obtaining clustering results and conducting a performance comparison of the three unsupervised learning methods, another objective of this research was to map the clustering results to make it easier to recognize the characteristics of the regions indicated as underdeveloped areas, which should be absolute priorities for infrastructure development. It was found that the best clustering method was the CLARA method, with a connectivity coefficient of 7.4794 and a Dunn’s index value of 0.1042. The partition clustering of regencies/cities on Java Island using the CLARA method based on infrastructure indicators resulted in 99 regencies/cities included in the cluster of areas with underdeveloped infrastructure, while 12 regencies/cities were included in the cluster of areas with developing infrastructure, and 8 regencies/cities were included in the cluster of areas with developed infrastructure
Main Challenges of Post-Earthquake Renovation in the Case of Zagreb City Center
Full text linkThis paper presents the results of a research on the problems and challenges of post-earthquake renovation in the inner city center of Zagreb, where mostly older, historical buildings are situated, which were severely damaged in the 2020 earthquake. Almost two years after the earthquake, political actors have not been able to make much progress regarding the post-earthquake renovation, which has caused discontent among vulnerable citizens. This paper presents the results of a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with owners of damaged apartments and co-owners’ representatives. The authors found two main issues with the post-earthquake renovation in Zagreb: 1) incomplete renovation and problems with the financing of repairs to damaged buildings, and 2) people moving out of the city center and city apartmanization. The results showed that the cost of damage repair in most cases was covered by the citizens themselves and that institutional help has been slow and bureaucratized. Also, the participation process regarding renovation has not been successful for the citizens and they are still dealing with similar problems as in the beginning of the renovation
Regional Variations of Indonesian Cities: Geometric properties, Street Patterns, and Topological structure.
No full textAbstract: As one of the fastest growing countries with the largest population in the ASEAN region, cities in Indonesia are constantly evolving and changing. Although the current political establishment is planning to relocate the country’s capital to the Kalimantan island, comparative research on Indonesian cities is very limited. Indonesia is an archipelago country that consists of 17,508 islands and at least 514 urban areas, of which 98 of them can be categorized as cities. This paper will focus on examining variations in provincial capital cities from Indonesia’s 6 regions: Sumatera, Java-Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku-Papua. The paper uses OpenStreetMap (OSM) vector datasets to study the geometric properties of street centerlines and the regression techniques on the Landsat satellite images of these cities processed in GIS to study land-use patterns. The paper also uses the method of patterns classification from volunteered geographic information systems (VGI) to study street orientational patterns utilizing OSMnx. Finally, the paper uses space syntax methods to describe the topological features of natural street networks of the cities. The results of this study show that there are statistically significant regional variations among cities in Indonesia. They also show that street network orientations are correlated with global integration values indicating that movement potentials could be affected by spatial shape patterns in these cities
Urban Agriculture: The Feasibility of Rooftop Farming in Penang Island, Malaysia
Full text linkBy 2050, over 60 percent of the global population will live in cities, the majority in high-rise residential buildings. Thus, rooftop farming as part of urban agriculture will be highly important in building sustainable cities. It brings plenty of benefits and opportunities to the environment and society, as well as food supply to urban residents. Singapore, as a land-scarce state, has been very successful in implementing rooftop farming. Even though having a similar geographical condition as Singapore, rooftop farming has yet to be popularized in Penang Island. Rapid development and industrialization are deteriorating air quality and occupying arable land on the island, while the population is highly dependent on imported food. Rooftop farming may be a good option to reduce these problems, seeing there are so many high-rise residential buildings on the island. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the likelihood of rooftop farming by island residents, and its determinants. Data collected from 323 Penangites that live in high-rise residential buildings revealed that 65 percent of respondents were likely to participate in rooftop farming. The ordered Probit model estimated that awareness of the potential benefits of rooftop farming, environmental knowledge and awareness, environmental consciousness and perception are important factors that determine the likelihood of participating in rooftop farming. The findings of this study may be important for Penang state policy makers, and may also be useful for similar economies globally, to promote, encourage and implement rooftop farming in urban areas, and achieve sustainable cities for future generations
Assessing Social Capital Indicators in Public Spaces in Central streets of the City of Sanandaj, Iran
Full text linkThe social capital concept has been proposed alongside other capitals such as human capital, financial capital and economic capital. The aim of this research was to evaluate the social capital in streets, which are among the most dynamic urban public spaces. They provide physical connections for social interactions and consequently can enhance social capital. To this aim, four central crossroads of the city of Sanandaj, Iran were selected as a case study. This study is a descriptive analysis conducted by questioning 400 participants. The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software at the inferential and statistical levels. The findings showed that effective elements of streets to improve social capital include the promotion of environmental qualities and mixed land use related to social trust, the feeling of belonging, identity and place related to social norms, face-to-face relationships, and social participation related to social networks
Rural Capitalization and Agrarian Transformation in the Ciwidey Highlands, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkThe objective of this study was to examine the relationship between capitalization and rural transformation. By conducting a study in the Ciwidey Highlands of West Java, this study focused on the development of tourism as a path for capital flow that is directly connected with the existence of agricultural land and the livelihoods of the population as farmers. These two aspects are key elements in reviewing rural transformation. The data for this study were obtained through field observation at fourteen locations of agricultural land and a questionnaire survey distributed among ninety tourism workers. Through map interpretation and descriptive analysis, the results of this study show the impact of capitalization through tourism development in the increasing economic value of land, which results in the desire of farmers to sell their agricultural land. This impact was also seen in the shift in livelihoods. Rural capitalization through tourism investment has a significant impact on livelihoods, land tenure, and land use