Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX
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Seasonal Variations of Temperature, Salinity and Turbidity of the Lembeh Strait’s waters, North Sulawesi
Get PDFResearch on seasonal variations of temperature, salinity and turbidity of the Lembeh Strait’s waters were carried out in March 2016 to February 2017. Observations of temperature, salinity and turbidity were conducted using the Sonde EXO-2 multi parameter tool. The purpose of this study was to determine the seasonal effect on temperature, salinity and turbidity Lembeh Strait’s water. The results of the statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tuckey's test showed that the season affected the salinity and temperature, whereas no significant effect were observed on turbidity. Variations in temperature, salinity and turbidity are affected by external factors such as weather, wind and seasonal current patterns occurred in these waters. The conditions of temperature, salinity and turbidity of sea water in Lembeh Strait are still adequate for marine life.Keywords: temperature, salinity, turbidity, oceanography, Lembeh Strai
Comparison of CYB Gene Sequence for Species Identification of Tuna Fish
Get PDFDNA barcoding is a reliable tool for species identification, especially for authentication of processed fish products. In the process of authentication of tuna fish products, this tool is needed due to its small sample requirement for species identification. This research aimed to conduct an assessment for the use of the Cytochrome B (CYB) gene sequence for tuna fish identification through DNA barcoding. The same set of mitochondrial DNA genomes were used for the previous COI gene for in silico comparison of tuna fish species. Group comparison of the CYB gene between Bluefin tuna (five species), Yellowfin tuna (three species), and other groups of tuna (five species) showed that this gene is reliable to differentiate all of the specimens of each species. The result displayed by the multiple sequence alignment indicated enough resolution for accurate identification. The problem in the differentiation of Thunnus orientalis dan T. thynnus by the COI gene in the previous study was finally resolved by the CYB gene. From 1141 bp of nucleotides compared in all specimens, there were 248 differentiation sites. All of the members of Thunnus were differentiated for other genera (Auxis, Euthynnus, and Katsuwonus) in 40 differentiation sites. Keywords: DNA barcoding; CYB gene; tuna fishAbstrakDNA barcoding merupakan perangkat yang dapat diandalkan untuk identifikasi spesies ikan, terutama untuk kepentingan autentifikasi produk-produk olahan hasil perikanan. Dalam proses autentifikasi produk hasil olahan ikan tuna memerlukan metode ini karena hanya membutuhkan sampel yang sangat sedikit untuk identifikasi spesies. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan asesmen terhadap penggunaan sekuens gen sitokrom B (CYB) untuk identifikasi ikan tuna lewat DNA barcoding. Genom DNA mitokondria yang sama dengan penelitian gen COI sebelumnya digunakan untuk perbandingan secara in silico spesies-spesies ikan tuna. Perbandingan sekuens gen CYB pada kelompok ikan tuna Bluefin (lima spesies), kelompok ikan tuna Yellowfin (tiga spesies), dan kelompok ikan tuna jenis lain (lima spesies) menunjukkan bahwa gen ini mampu membedakan semua spesies yang dibandingkan. Hasil yang digambarkan dari penjajaran sekuens menunjukkan resolusi yang cukup untuk identifikasi secara akurat. Spesies Thunnus orientalis dan T. thynnus yang memiliki variasi sekuens yang identik di gen COI berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya ternyata bisa dibedakan melalui gen CYB ini. Dari 1.141 bp nukleotida yang dibandingkan, terdapat 248 titik perbedaan. Semua anggota dari genus Thunnus berbeda dengan spesimen dari genus-henus lainnya (Auxis, Euthynnus, dan Katsuwonus) di 40 titik nukleotida.Kata kunci: DNA barcoding; gen CYB; ikan tun
Community Structure of Gastropod in Seagrass Beds of Waleo Beach Waters, North Minahasa Regency
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the type of Gastropod and the community structure including Species Density, Relative Density, Diversity (H’), and Dominance (C). Based on observation, there is 124 individuals included in 11 species (7 genera) from 7 families (3 orders) obtained. The highest density value is 5,87 Ind/m2 by Euplica borealis, and has 35,48% of relative density. For the diversity, an index is H’ = 1,62 obtained, which is classified as low. This shows that seagrass beds in Waleo beach waters, North Minahasa Regency, there are several species obtained with abundant numbers of individuals compared to the other species, so the diversity index obtained relatively low. As for the range of dominance index is C = 0,36 to 0,44. The lowest value is in the transect number 1 while the highest in the transect number 2. This value shows that seagrass beds in Waleo beach waters, North Minahasa Regency there are no specific species that dominate in the community. Waleo beach waters, North Minahasa Regency has a temperature of about 29,3 °C illustrating the condition of the water temperature is relatively good for Gastropods' life. The salinity is 30 ‰ obtained, which is relatively good for Gastropod growth. pH obtained about 7 which is still relatively good for gastropods life.Keywords: Gastropod, Community Structure, Waleo.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis-jenis Gastropoda serta mengetahui struktur komunitas termasuk: Kepadatan Spesies, Kepadatan Relatif, Keanekaragaman (H’), dan Dominansi (C). Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diperoleh 124 individu yang termasuk dalam 11 spesies (7 genera) dari 7 famili (3 ordo). Nilai kepadatan tertinggi sebesar 5,87 Ind/m2 oleh spesies Euplica borealis, dan memiliki kepadatan relatif sebesar 35,48 %. Untuk indeks keanekaragaman diperoleh sebesar H’ = 1,62 yang tergolong rendah. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa daerah padang lamun perairan pantai Waleo, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara terdapat beberapa spesies yang diperoleh dengan jumlah individu yang melimpah dibandingkan jenis lainnya, sehingga indeks keanekaragaman yang diperoleh tergolong relatif rendah. Adapun untuk kisaran indeks dominansi yang diperoleh yaitu sebesar C = 0,36 sampai dengan 0,44. Nilai terrendah terdapat pada transek 1 sedangkan nilai tertinggi terdapat pada transek 2. Nilai tersebut menunjukan bahwa di padang lamun perairan Pantai Waleo, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara tidak terdapat jenis atau spesies tertentu yang mendominasi dalam komunitas tersebut. Wilayah perairan pantai Waleo, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara memiliki suhu 29,3 °C, menggambarkan bahwa kondisi suhu perairan tergolong baik untuk kehidupan Gastropoda. Salintas yang diperoleh sebesar 30 0/00, yang masih dalam kisaran baik untuk pertumbuhan Gastropoda. Derajat keasaman (pH) yang diperoleh yaitu 7 yang masih tergolong baik untuk kehidupan Gastropoda.Kata Kunci : Gastropoda, Struktur Komunitas, Waleo
Heavy Metal (Ni, Fe) Concentration in Water and Histopathological of Marine Fish in the Obi Island, Indonesia.
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the content of nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe) as well as histopathological analysis of marine fish in Obi Island waters as a bioindicator of pollution. Besides, water quality conditions were carried out in-situ and ex-situ observations. The parameters observed were temperature, brightness, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, orthophosphate, ammonia, iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni). The results showed the temperature range between 26.48 ℃ to 27.99 ℃ below the quality standard or low temperature. The brightness of the relationship between 12 m and 13 m is under quality standards. The salinity range between 31.01 ppt to 32.13 ppt below the quality standard. The pH range is from 8.6 to 8.7 in high or alkaline conditions. Ammonia range between 0.4 mg / L to 0.7 mg / L exceeds the quality standard. The range of nitrate between 0.009 mg / L to 0.012 mg / L exceeds the quality standard. The range of phosphate between 0.016 mg / L to 0.019 mg / L exceeds the quality standard. The DO range between 3.68 mg / L to 3.77 mg / L lower than the quality standard. The metal range of 0.6 mg / L to 0.9 mg / L exceeds the quality standard. The range of Ni metal between 0.06 mg / L to 0.09 mg / L exceeds the quality standard. Histopathological analysis showed that the liver had a hemorrhage, degeneration of blood vessels, vacuolate degeneration, necrosis, or cell death. The muscles experience edema, degeneration of muscle fibers, atrophy of muscle bundles, vacuolar degeneration of muscle Bundles, hemorrhage, infiltration of lymphocytes, and necrosis. The intestine experience infiltration of lymphocytes, melanomacrophages, and necrosis. While P. tayenus fish ovaries showed necrosis structure oocytes. This research can be a reference for warning of heavy metal pollution in Obi Island waters, binding to the nature of heavy metals that can accumulate in fish tissue.Keywords: Water quality; Heavy Metal; Pollution; Histopathological; Obi Island
Zooplankton Community in The Waters of Lab Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science East Likupang North Minahasa
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the type, density, and community structure of the Zooplankton including the Diversity Index (H '), Dominance Index (C), and Evenness (e). Sampling was carried out on November 12, 2019, using planktonet to a depth of 10 m from sea level, and carried out vertically as much as 3 times at each sampling point. The results obtained were 22 genus 26 species in 3 classes, namely: Paracalanus sp, Rhincalanus sp, Calanus sp., Corycaeus sp., Acrocalanus sp., Oncaea sp., Oithona sp., Scolecithricella sp., Euterpina sp., Eurytemora sp., Centropages sp., Ctenocalanus sp., Eucalanus sp., Pseudocalanus sp., Microsetella sp., Nauplius sp., Squilla sp., Siriella sp., Pseudeuphausia sp., Nematocelis sp., Zoea., Solenocera sp. The highest relative density was found in Paracalanus sp which was 39.38%. The Diversity (H ') of zooplankton at two sampling points is classified as moderate. These values indicate the community of planktonic organisms in the areas of study is less diverse. And Dominance Index (C) shows that no species dominates the waters of East Likupang.Keywords: Community; Zooplankton; East Likupang; Domination; Diversity.AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis, kepadatan, dan struktur komunitas Zooplankton seperti Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’), Indeks Dominansi (C), dan Keseragaman (e). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 12 November 2019 mengunakan planktonet sampai kedalaman 10 m dari permukaan laut, dilakukan secara vertikal sebanyak 3 kali pada setiap titik. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan diperoleh 22 genus 26 spesies dalam 3 kelas yaitu : Paracalanus sp, Rhincalanus sp, Calanus sp., Corycaeus sp, Acrocalanus sp., Oncaea sp, Oithona sp., Scolecithricella sp., Euterpina sp., Eurytemora sp., Centropages sp., Ctenocalanus sp., Eucalanus sp., Pseudocalanus sp., Microsetella sp., Nauplius sp., Squilla sp., Siriella sp., Pseudeuphausia sp., Nematocelis sp., Zoea., Solenocera sp. Kepadatan Relatif tertinggi terdapat pada Paracalanus sp yakni 39.38%. Keanekaragaman (H’) zooplankton di dua titik tergolong sedang. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan komunitas organisme dalam kondisi yang kurang beragam. Dan Dominansi (C) menunjukkan tidak ada spesies yang mendominasi di perairan Likupang Timur.Kata kunci: Komunitas; Zooplankton; Likupang Timur; Dominasi; Keanekaragaman
Diversity Of Crustacean Isopod In Bangka Island Of North Sulawesi
Get PDFInformation about marine isopods in Indonesian water is scarce. This research aimed to inventory isopods in nearshore habitats of Northern Sulawesi using a morphological approach to identify the species. Sampling was done in several spots in Bangka Island considering three different habitats: coral rubble, mangrove roots, and seagrass beds. These habitats are known to be suitable for isopods to feed, reproduce, and hide from bigger predators. There is 7 group of Isopod found in totals, such as Anthuridea, Asellota, Bopyridae, Cirolanidae, Gnathiidae, Limnoriidea, and Sphaeromatidea. In the family of Anthuridae, there are 2 suspected new species and required further identification.Keywords: Marine Isopod, Ecology, Bangka Island, North Sulawesi.AbstrakInformasi mengenai isopoda laut di perairan Indonesia masih sangat sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi isopoda di habitat dekat pantai Sulawesi Utara menggunakan pendekatan morfologi untuk mengidentifikasi spesies. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di beberapa titik di Pulau Bangka dengan pertimbangan tiga jenis habitat berbeda: serpihan karang, akar mangrove, dan padang lamun. Habitat tersebut merupakan tempat isopoda mencari makan, bereproduksi, dan bersembunyi dari predator. Dari hasil identifikasi ditemukan 7 kelompok isopoda, yakni Anthuridea, Asellota, Bopyridae, Cirolanidae, Gnathiidae, Limnoriidea, dan Sphaeromatidea. Diduga ada 2 species yang baru di kelompok Anthuridae yang masih perlu penelitian lebih lanjut.Kata kunci: Isopoda Laut, Ekologi, Pulau Bangka, Sulawesi Utara
Management Strategy Mangrove Ecosystem Base On Multy Criteria Decision Making Analysis (Case In Bunaken Island, Manado City, Indonesia)
Get PDFThis research purpose is to analyze the effectiveness of mangrove ecosystem management strategy in Bunaken Island of Bunaken National Park in Manado City, North Sulawesi Province. The research used the research methods of field surveys, sampling, and literature studies for several components that require periodic data. The data analysis used in this research is the Criteria Decision Making Analysis (MCDMA) with the Rapid Appraisal of Mangrove Ecosystem Sustainability (RAPMECS) tools modified from the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH). The obtained data will analyze the effectiveness of the ecological, socio-economic, and institutional dimensions that directly affect the mangrove ecosystems. It is indicated that the mangrove ecosystem management sustainability dimension in Bunaken Island is poor, and the socio-economic and institutional dimensions are not good. The main point that makes the management sustainability dimension unfavorable is the island slope and total extent of the mangrove ecosystem area. As the buffer zone, the mangrove ecosystem is low effective, this island is vulnerable to sea currents and waves. The strategies to minimize the vulnerability of this island from sea currents and waves include the increase of the mangrove ecosystem area, community awareness and participation in managing the mangrove ecosystems, and the supporting infrastructure in the mangrove ecosystem management activities.Keywords: Strategy; Management; Mangrove; BunakenABSTRAKKajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa efektivitas strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove Pulau Bunken, yang masuk dalam kawasan Taman Nasioanl Bunaken di Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Kajian ini menggunakan metode penelitian antara lain survei lapangan, sampling, dan studi literatur pada beberapa kompenen yang membutuhkan data berkala. Analisis data bersifat Multy Criteria Decision Making Analysis (MCDMA) dengan tools Rapid Apraisal of mangrove ecosystem sustainability (RAPMECS) yang dimodifikasi dari the Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries (RAPFISH). Data yang didapatkan untuk menganalisa efektivitas dimensi ekologi, sosial-ekonomi, dan kelembagaan yang mempengaruhi ekosistem mangrove. Pada dimensi ekologi terindikasi keberlanjutan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Bunaken kurang baik, sedangkan pada dimensi sosial ekonomi dan kelembagaan kurang baik. Hal utama yang membuat keberlanjutan pengelolaan pada dimensi ekologi kurang baik adalah kemiringan lereng pulau dan luasan dari ekosistem mangrove. Akibat dari rendahnya efektifitas mangrove sebagai buffer zone membuat pulau ini rentan terhadap aksi laut yaitu arus dan gelombang. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan meminimalkan kerentanan pulau ini antara lain adalah penambahan luasan ekosistem mangrove, peningkatan kesadaran dan partisipatif masyarakat dalam pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove, dan peningkatan infrastruktur pendukung dalam kegiatan pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove.Kata Kunci: Strategi; Pengelolaan;  Mangrove; Bunakensupporting infrastructure in the mangrove ecosystem management activities
Marine Waste Analysis And Abundance of gastropods In Mangrove Ecosystem Tongkaina, North Sulawesi
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the relation of marine debris to gastropods in the mangrove ecosystem. This research was conducted from October to December 2019 in the Tongkaina mangrove forest. The method used in this research is the line transects method with 2 different stations. Then do the data analysis of waste density, gastropod abundance index, frequency, diversity index, uniformity, and dominance. Then, analyzing a simple linear regression and correlation is performed to see the relationship between marine debris and gastropod abundance in a mangrove ecosystem. The results showed that the highest inorganic marine debris in the Tongkeina mangrove ecosystem is plastic and followed by cloth, wood, metal and the least was glass. The species of Gastropods found in the mangrove ecosystem are Littoraria scabra, Nerita undulata and Terebralia sulcata. The highest abundance of gastropod species was found at station 2 in transects 1 by Littoraria scraba. The results of the linear regression analysis show that there is a relationship between waste and abundance of gastropods. The increasing amount of waste, lower the abundance of gastropods. Where the correlation value is -0.20506.Keywords: Correlation; Marine debris; Gastropods; Mangrove Ecosystem. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan sampah laut terhadap gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2019 di hutan mangrove Tongkaina. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode line transek dengan 2 stasiun berbeda. Kemudian dilakukan analisa data kepadatan sampah, indeks kelimpaha gastropoda, frekuensi, indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa regresi lineier sederhana serta korelasi untuk melihat hubungan yang terjadi antara sampah dan kelimpahan gastrooda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sampah anorganik jenis plasik yang tertinggi di ekosistem mangrove pantai Tongkaina diikuti sampah jenis Kain, Kayu, Logam dan yang paling sedikit adalah sampah jenis kaca. Jenis gastropoda yang ditemukan di ekosistem mangrove yaitu Littoraria scabra, Nerita undulata dan Terebralia sulcata. Nilai kelimpahan jenis gastropoda tertinggi terdapat di stasiun 2 di transek 1 oleh Littoraria scraba. Hasil analisa regresi linier menunjukan bahawa ada hubungan yang terjadi antara sampah dan kelimpahan gastropoda yang dilihat dari anlisis regresi linier sederhana. Semakin meningkatnya jumlah sampah maka semakin rendah kelimpahan gastropoda. Dimana nilai korelasinya sebesar -0.20506.Kata Kunci : Korelasi; Sampah Laut; Gastropoda; Ekosistem Mangrove
Mangrove Community Structure Morowali District, Central Sulawesi Province, Case In Maratape Village, Lafeu Village, And Labota Village
Get PDFThe research purpose aims at analyzing the structure of the existing mangrove communities along the coastal area of Morowali District, Central Sulawesi Province. The sampling was taken from three villages, i.e. Maratape Village, Lafeu Village, and Labota Village. This research used the quadrant line transect method. The analysis and description were made after the method had been conducted. The composition of mangrove species found in this research was 3 (three) types, i.e. Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, and Rhizophora stylosa. Of the three species the research finds, the dominant ones are Rhizophora apiculata and Sonneartia alba. The highest species density values were found at Station 1 (M01), i.e. R. apiculata. The frequency value had the highest value found at Station 2 (M02), i.e. R. apiculata type, and the highest relative frequency was R. apiculata. The highest closing value, i.e. S. albater type could be found at Station 2 (M02). The importance value index of Rhizophora apiculata type at the Station 1 (M01) had the highest value and followed in Station 3 (M03), i.e. Sonneratiaalba type, the lowest INP analysis in all stations was Rhizophora type stylosa. The dominant mangrove in 3 (three) Morowali District Stations were Rhizophora apiculata and Silneratia alba types. Based on the research results conducted on the structure of mangrove ecosystem communities in Morowali District, Central Sulawesi Province (Maratape Village Menui Kepulauan Sub-District (station 1), Lafeu Village Bungku Pesisir Sub-District (station 2) and Labota Village Bungku Tengah Sub-District (station 3) are definitely classified as natural and have not experienced significant degradationKeywords: Community Structure, Mangrove, Morowali, Central SulawesiAbstrakKajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas mangrove yang ada disepanjang pesisir Kabupaten Morowali Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Sampling dilakukan pada tiga desa yaitu Desa Maratape, Desa Lafeu, dan Desa Labota. Kajian ini menggunakan metode line transek kuadaran dilanjutkan dengan analisissnya, kemudian dideskripsikan. Komposisi jenis mangrove yang ditemukan sebanyak 3 (tiga) jenis yaitu Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, dan Rhizophora stylosa. Dari ketiga jenis yang ditemukan yang dominan yaitu Rhizophora apiculata dan Sonneartia alba. Nilai kerapatan jenis tertinggi terdapat di Stasiun 1 (M01) yaitu R. apiculata yaitu. Nilai frekuensi memiliki nilai tertinggi terdapat di Stasiun 2 (M02) yaitu jenis R. apiculata, dan frekuensi relatif tertinggi R. apiculata. Nilai penutupan tertinggi yaitu jenis S. alba terdapat di Stasiun 2 (M02) Indeks nilai penting jenis Rhizophora apiculata di Stasiun 1 (M01) memiliki nilai tertinggi dan di ikuti Stasiun 3 (M03) jenis Sonneratia alba, analisis INP yang terendah dari semua stasiun yaitu jenis Rhizophora stylosa. Mangrove dominan di 3 (tiga) stasiun Kabupaten Morowali adalah dari jenis Rhizophora apiculata dan Sonneratia alba. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terhadap struktur komunitas ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Morowali Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah (Desa Maratape Kecamatan Menui Kepulauan (stasiun 1), Desa Lafeu Kecamatan Bungku Pesisir (stasiun 2) dan Desa Labota Kecamatan Bungku Tengah (stasiun 3) masih tergolong alami dan belum mengalami degradasi yang berarti.Kata kunci : Struktur komunitas; Mangrove; Morowali; Sulawesi Tenga
Potential of Carbon Absorption Mangrove Forest at Sarawet Village Kuala Batu, East Likupang, North Minahasa Regency
Get PDFMangrove forest is one of a coastal natural resource with abundant potentials. The rapid coastal development has cost bad effects, such as mangrove forest conversion into dike or tourism. Mangrove forest has a prominent ecological function for coastal area. The purpose of this study was to analyst carbon absorption potency in both natural and restored mangrove forest in Sarawet Village, Kuala Batu, East Likupang. The sampling method in this study was a survey method that is observation and field sampling. The collected data was surface mangrove biomass and sediment, then analyst in Sam Ratulangi Laboratory, Manado. The biomass sampling data using transect line quadrat while and sediment sampling using sediment corer. This study found. That conclude that natural mangrove forest have a higher absorption and restored potential than restored mangrove forest.Keywords : mangrove, biomass, carbon, sediment AbstrakPotensi sumber daya hutan Indonesia sangat melimpah, dan salah satunya ialah hutan mangrove. Pembangunan pada daerah pesisir yang begitu cepat telah memberi dampak buruk terhadap lingkungan, seperti konversi lahan hutan mangrove menjadi tambak dan kawasan parawisata. Hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu hutan yang memiliki fungsi ekologis sangat penting terutama bagi wilayah pesisir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi penyerapan karbon pada hutan mangrove yang restorasi dan alami di Desa Sarawet Kuala Batu Likupang Timur. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam kegiatan penelitian ini ialah metode survey yakni pengamatan dan pengambilan sampel langsung dilapangan. Data yang diambil ialah data biomassa mangrove bagian atas dan sedimen. Sampel yang diambil di analisis di Laboratorium Terpadu Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Untuk pengambilan data biomassa dilakukan dengan menggunakan garis transek kuadrat dan pengambilan sampel sedimen menggunakan sediment corer. Dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, menunjukan bahwa hutan mangrove yang alami memiliki potensi penyerapan dan simpanan karbon yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hutan mangrove yang direstorasi.   Kata kunci : mangrove, biomassa, karbon, sedime