Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX
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Macro And Micro Nutrients in The Soil of The Mangrove Forest Area, Bunaken Marine Park
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine the pH level and macro and micronutrient content in the soil of the mangrove forest area in Bunaken Marine Park, Meras Village, Wori District, North Sulawesi Province. Soil samples were collected from both dry soil and waterlogged soil. The samples were then taken to the laboratory for analysis of macro- and micronutrients as well as pH levels. The analysis used includes: Nitrogen (N) analysis following SNI 7763:2018, section 6.6.1; Phosphorus (P) analysis following SNI 7763:2018, section 6.7; Elements K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, B, Mn, and Mo analyzed using IK-1.13 Method for Determination of Metal Minerals in Food and pH analysis using SNI 01-2891-1992. The research results show that the pH values of dry and waterlogged soil are 6.67 and 6.0, respectively, which are considered good categories. The macro-nutrient analysis results for N, P, K, and Mg are classified as good because they exceed the minimum requirements set by SNI 7763:2024. However, the Ca element is classified as not good as it exceeds the maximum limit specified by SNI 7763:2024. For micro-nutrients, Fe (Iron) content is 13,682 ppm, which falls under the good category since it is below the maximum limit of 15,000 ppm as per SNI 7763:2024. Zn (Zinc) content is 0.4807 ppm, which is also considered good, as it does not exceed the maximum limit of 5,000 ppm as per SNI 7763:2024.
Keywords: Meras Mangrove Forest, Nutrients, pH.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan pH, unsur hara makro dan mikro pada tanah kawasan hutan mangrove taman laut Bunaken desa Meras kecamatan wori propinsi sulawesi utara. Pengambilan sampel tanah diambil pada tanah yang kering dan tanah yang tergenang air. Sampel tanah dibawa ke laboratorium untuk dianalisa unsur hara makro, mikro dan pH. analisa yang digunakan adalah Analisa N dengan SNI 7763:2018 butir 6.6.1. Analisa P dengan SNI 7763:2018 Butir 6.7. unsur K, Ca Fe dan Mg, Cu, Zn, B, Mn dan Mo dengan metode IK-1.13 Penentuan Mineral Logam pada Pangan dan Non Pangan. Dan pH dengan metode SNI 01-2891-1992. Hasil penelitian bahwa nilai pH tanah kering dan tergenang adalah pH 6,67 dan 6,0. Termasuk kategori baik. Hasil Analisa unsur makro yaitu N, P, K dan Mg adalah adalah katgori baik karena melebihi syarat minimum dari SNI 7763:2024, sedangkan nilai Ca kategori tidak baik karena melebihi batas maksimum SNI 7763:2024. Unsur mikro Fe adalah 13682 ppm termasuk kategori baik karena mempunyai nilai lebih rendah dari 15.000 ppm sebagai batas maksimum dari SNI 7763:2024. Unsur Zn adalah 0.4807 ppm termasuk kategori baik karena tidak melebihi batas maksimum 5.000 ppm sebagai batas maksimum dari SNI 7763:2024.
Kata kunci: Hutan Mangrove Meras, unsur hara, p
Ship Maintenance Techniques for Removing Sea Barnacles That Stick to the Ship's Hull
Get PDFThe growth of marine biota such as barnacles attached to ship hulls is one of the main challenges in the shipping industry because it can increase hydrodynamic resistance, fuel consumption and accelerate corrosion of ship structures. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of various ship maintenance techniques in removing sea barnacles and evaluate the advantages and challenges of each method used. The research method applied is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by analyzing previous studies discussing ship maintenance techniques in preventing and eliminating fouling. Data analysis was carried out using NVivo to identify research trends and VOSviewer to map relationships between methods used in previous studies. The research results show that the most effective approach in preventing the growth of barnacles is a combination of several methods, such as the use of silicone or fluorine-based paint which has low adhesion, ultrasonic technology which inhibits the colonization of marine biota, and a robot-based automatic cleaning system which can remove fouling without damaging the structure of the ship. This hybrid approach not only increases the fuel efficiency of ships but also helps reduce the impact of marine pollution due to the use of toxic chemicals. With the development of antifouling technology and the implementation of more innovative maintenance strategies, the shipping industry is expected to increase operational efficiency while supporting the long-term sustainability of the marine environment.
Keywords: Ship Treatment, Antifouling, Ultrasonic Technology, Fouling, Hybrid Approach
Coral Recruitment And Transplantation To Support Coral Reef Ecosystem Recovery (Overview)
Get PDFCoral reefs are massive deposits of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produced by coral animals. Coral reefs in the water are easily damaged due to natural events and destrutive human activities in the water and the influence of upland. The purpose of this paper is to provide information related to the recovery of coral reef ecosystems through coral recruitment and coral transplantation and the role of the community. The method used is the quantitative method. Recruitment and transplantation use media as a place to attach or bind coral fragments. Coral recruitment is done by relying on the reproduction of the coral itself, while transplantation is done by taking coral fragments from the broodstock. The placement of coral recruitment and transplantation media needs to pay attention to water depth, brightness, substrate, sedimentation, and water current patterns. In addition, the government, community, and related parties are needed to handle damage and maintain and manage coral reef ecosystems for sustainability.
Keywords: Coral Recruitment; Coral Transplantation; Coral Reef
Abstrak
Terumbu karang merupakan endapan massif kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) yang dihasilkan oleh hewan karang . Terumbu karang di perairan mudah mengalami kerusakan akibat kejadian alam maupun kegiatan manusia yang bersifat destrutif di perairan maupun pengaruh dari lahan bagian atas (upland). Tujuan penulisan ini yaitu untuk memberikan informasi terkait dengan pemulihan ekosistem terumbu karang melalui rekrutmen karang dan transplantasi karang serta peran masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif. Rekrutmen dan transplantasi menggunakan media sebagai tempat penempelan maupun mengikat fragmen karang. Rekrutmen karang dilakukan dengan mengandalkan reproduksi dari karang itu sendiri, sedangkan transplantasi dilakukan dengan mengambil fragmen karang dari indukan. Lokasi penempatan media rekrutmen dan transplantasi karang perlu memperhatikan kedalaman perairan, kecerahan, substrat, sedimentasi dan pola arus perairan. Selain itu, peran pemerintah, masyarakat dan pihak terkait diperlukan untuk penanganan kerusakan, menjaga dan pengelolaan ekosistem terumbu karang untuk keberlanjutan.
Kata Kunci : Rekrutmen Karang; Transplantasi karang; Terumbu Karan
The Dangers of Marine Pollution on Consumer Health, Economic Value, and Aesthetic Value in Human Life
Get PDFWater pollution happening in the sea results in changes to the composition or structure of the water affected by human activities and natural processes. This leads to water having qualities and functions that do not align with their intended uses and can disrupt human life, marine biota, and marine ecosystems. Pollution in the marine ecosystem undoubtedly affects marine products in various aspects of life. This article used a literature review method to gather the necessary data for explaining the discussed topic. This article aims to explain the harmful impacts of marine pollution on consumer health, economic value, and the aesthetic value of the marine ecosystem. Based on the results of literature studies conducted through secondary data analysis from published journals in the last 10 years (2015-2024), it was found that marine pollution contaminated with bacteria or pathogens due to chemical substances can disrupt human health, causing symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, collapse, and even death. The economic aspect also experienced its impacts, such as the decrease in fishermen's catch and the disruption of the beauty of the marine ecosystem due to changes in water composition, leading to the sea appearing cloudy and odorous, and being filled with waste.
Keywords: Dangers of Marine Pollution, Consumer Health, Economy, Aesthetic
Advancing Abalone Nutrition: The Science and Benefits of Formulated Feeds
Get PDFThe aquaculture industry has increasingly turned to formulated feeds to enhance the growth and health of abalone, a valuable marine species. This paper reviews the current state of research on abalone nutrition, focusing on the development and benefits of formulated feeds. The nutritional requirements of abalone are examined, highlighting the essential macro- and micro-nutrients needed for optimal growth. Various ingredients and additives used in feed formulations are discussed, along with the effectiveness of different feed types. The performance of formulated feeds is compared to natural diets, considering factors such as growth rates, health indicators, and environmental impact. Challenges in digestibility, palatability, and cost-effectiveness are addressed, and recent innovations in feed formulation techniques are explored. The review identifies gaps in current research and suggests directions for future studies to further advance abalone nutrition. Overall, formulated feeds are shown to offer significant benefits in terms of growth performance and sustainability, making them a promising solution for the future of abalone aquaculture
Estimation of Biomass and Below Ground Carbon in the Lepar Island Mangrove Ecosystem, South Bangka Regency
Get PDFMangrove ecosystems are similar to other forest ecosystems in that they play a role in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. Mangrove ecosystems can store more carbon compared to most rainforests. This is because mangrove plants utilize CO2 for photosynthesis and store it in the form of biomass and sediments. The purpose of this research is to determine the potential of mangrove ecosystems in absorbing and storing carbon, particularly the content of below-ground carbon and Biomass from several locations on Lepar Island. The data collection method used systematic sampling, where the placement of sampling plots had regular distances from the sea to the land. Substrate samples were taken using a core sampler tool and analyzed using the Loss of Ignition (LOI) method to determine carbon content. The research results showed that the average soil density at all stations was 1.0 g/cm3. The average percentage of organic carbon at all stations was 0.09 C%. The average total carbon content at all stations was 105.73 tons/ha. Mangrove forests are capable of storing a large amount of carbon in both biomass and sediments.
Keywords: Belowground, Karbon, Lepar Island
Abstrak
Ekosistem mangrove sama halnya dengan ekosistem hutan lain yang memiliki peran sebagai penyerap CO2 dari atmosfer. Ekosistem mangrove mampu menyimpan lebih banyak karbon dibandingkan dengan kebanyakan hutan hujan. Hal ini dikarenakan tumbuhan mangrove memanfaatkan CO2 untuk fotosintesis dan menyimpannya dalam bentuk biomassa dan sedimen. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi ekosistem mangrove dalam menyerap dan menyimpan karbon terutama kandungan pada Belowground Carbon mangrove dan Biomassa dari beberapa lokasi yang ada di pulau lepar. Metode pengambilan data dilapangan menggunakan systematic sampling method, dimana penempatan plot sampling memiliki jarak yang teratur antar plot dari laut ke darat. Pengambilan sampel substrat menggunakan alat core sampler dan dilakukan dengan metode komposit. kemudian dianalisis kandungan karbon menggunakan metode Loss of Ignition (LOI). Hasil penelitian menunjukan nilai rata-rata densitas tanah seluruh stasiun yaitu sebesar 1,0 g/cm3. Nilai rata-rata presentase karbon organik pada seluruh stasiun yaitu sebesar 0,09 C%. Nilai rata-rata kandungan karbon total pada seluruh stasiun yaitu sebesar 105,73 ton/ha. Hutan mangrove mampu menampung kandungan karbon dengan jumlah besar baik di biomassa dan sedimen.
Kata Kunci :Belowground, Karbon, Pulau Lepa
The Relationship Between Length and Weight of Sardine Fish, Sardinella spp
Get PDFFish are vertebrates that live all or part of their lives in water, breathe with gills, are equipped with fins for movement and balance, and are cold-blooded (poikilotherm). Lemuru fish are grouped into fish (poikilotherm). Lemuru fish are grouped in the order Cluipeiformes which is part of small pelagic fish. The research was carried out in January-August 2023 to determine the diversity of total length and weight as well as the relationship between the length and weight of male and female lemuru fish, which was carried out using quantitative descriptive methods. Of the 135 lemuru fish individuals observed, there were 40 male individuals with a total length of between 13,184-15,589 cm and 95 female individuals which were longer between 12,083-16,420 cm, and the weight of male individuals between 17,450 - 43,040 grams and female individuals were 19,630 - 52,470 grams. The length-weight regression equation for females is W = 0.018204 L 2.76026 and for males W = 0.01179 L 2.89363..
Keywords: panjang , small pelagic, growth status.
Abstrak
Ikan adalah vertebrata yang seluruh atau sebagian hidupnya di air, bernafas dengan insang, dilengkapi sirip untuk pergerakan dan keseimbangannya serta berdarah dingin (poikilotherm). Ikan lemuru dikelompokkan pada adalah ikan (poikilotherm). Ikan lemuru dikelompokkan pada ordo Cluipeiformes yang menjadi bagian ikan pelagis kecil. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Agustus 2023 bertujuan menentukan keragaman panjang total dan berat serta hubungan panjang berat ikan lemuru jantan dan betina yang pelaksanaannya menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Dari 135 individu ikan lemuru yang diamati ada 40 individu jantan dengan panjang total selang 13,184-15,589 cm dan 95 individu betina yang lebih panjang selang 12,083-16,420 cm, dan berat individu jantan selang 17,450 - 43,040 gram dan selang individu betina 19,630 – 52,470 gram. Persamaan regresi panjang-berat betina adalah W = 0.018204 L 2,76026 dan jantan W = 0.01179 L 2,89363.
Kata kunci: panjang, berat, regresi, korelasi, Bitung
Plankton Community Structure In Halmahera Barat Coastal Zone
Get PDFResearch on plankton organisms in supporting aquatic resource management is very important to do. This study aims to see the structure of the plankton community in the coastal waters of West Halmahera Regency. There were 9 sampling sites, namely the waters of Toniku (TO), Tewe (TW), Dodinga (DG), Tuada (TU), Porniti (PR), Payo (PA), Bobo (BO), Sahu (SH), and Ibu (IB). Plankton observations used the Census-SRC method. The parameters observed were abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, and dominance index. The results showed that the highest phytoplankton abundance was found in the TO area, namely 1.7 x 107 cells/m3 and the lowest was 4.1 x 106 cells/m3 in the PR area. The highest phytoplankton diversity index was found in the PR area, namely 2.075 and the lowest was 1.429 in the IB area. The highest uniformity index of phytoplankton was found in the PR area, namely 0.901 and the lowest was 0.624 in the BO and DG areas. The highest phytoplankton dominance index was found in the IB area, namely 0.350 and the lowest was 0.138 in the PR area. The highest zooplankton abundance was found in the DG area at 2.0 x 106 cells/m3 and the lowest was 3.3 x 105 cells/m3 in the IB area. The highest zooplankton diversity index was found in the TU area, namely 1.981 and the lowest was 1.516 in the IB area. The highest uniformity index of zooplankton was found in the IB area, namely 0.942 and the lowest was 0.761 in the DG area. The highest zooplankton dominance index was found in the BO area, namely 0.266 and the lowest was 0.167 in the TU area. The conclusion of this study revealed that the most common type of plankton found was Bacillariophyceae. While the diversity value shows moderate diversity, the uniformity value shows a high level of uniformity, and the dominance value shows low-moderate dominance.
Keywords: Diversity index; Uniformity index; Dominance index; Abundance; Plankton
Abstrak
Penelitian tentang organisme plankton dalam mendukung pengelolaan sumberdaya perairan sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat struktur komunitas plankton perairan kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Halmahera Barat. Terdapat 9 lokasi sampling, yaitu perairan Toniku (TO), Tewe (TW), Dodinga (DG), Tuada (TU), Porniti (PR), Payo (PA), Bobo (BO), Sahu (SH), dan Ibu (IB). Pengamatan plankton menggunkan metode Sensus-SRC. Parameter yang diamati adalah kelimpahan, indeks keragaman, indeks keseragaman, dan indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kelimpahan fitoplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan TO yaitu 1,7 x 107 Sel/m3 dan terendah 4,1 x 106 Sel/m3 di kawasan PR. Indeks keragaman fitoplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan PR yaitu 2,075 dan terendah 1,429 di kawasan IB. Indeks keseragaman tertinggi fitoplankton terdapat di kawasan PR yaitu 0,901 dan terendah 0,624 di kawasan BO dan DG. Semetara indeks dominansi fitoplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan IB yaitu 0,350 dan terendah 0,138 di kawasan PR. Kelimpahan zooplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan DG yaitu 2,0 x 106 Sel/m3 dan terendah 3,3 x 105 Sel/m3 di kawasan IB. Indeks keragaman zooplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan TU yaitu 1,981 dan terendah 1,516 di kawasan IB. Indeks keseragaman tertinggi zooplankton terdapat di kawasan IB yaitu 0,942 dan terendah 0,761 di kawasan DG. Semetara indeks dominansi zooplankton tertinggi terdapat di kawasan BO yaitu 0,266 dan terendah 0,167 di kawasan TU. Kesimpulan penelitian ini mengungkapkan jenis plankton yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Bacillariophyceae. Sementara nilai keragaman menunjukkan karagaman sedang, nilai keseragaman menunjukkan tingkat kesergaman tinggi, dan nilai dominasi menunjukkan dominansi rendah – sedang.
Kata kunci: Indeks keragaman; Indeks keseragaman; Indeks dominansi; Kelimpahan; Plankton
Checklist of Mangrove Snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Coastal of Sungai Nyirih Village West Kalimantan
Get PDFDesa Sungai Nyirih is located in Jawai District, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. This village is a coastal with the potential for mangrove forests and a diversity of biota such as snail (mollusks: gastropods). Snails are one of the biota that are consumed in various ways by the local community. Gastropods play an important role in the food chain. Apart from that, this biota is a bioindicator of the quality of the waters. Data collection on snail species in the mangrove ecosystem of Desa Sungai Nyirih Village is not yet available. Therefore, this research aims to identify the types of snails (Gastropoda) found in Desa Sungai Nyirih, Sambas. Snail samples were collected using an exploration method throughout the mangrove ecosystem. The species of sample was identified. They were Cassidula aurisfelis, Cassidula nucleus, Pirenella cingulata, Cerithidea obtusa, Ellobium sp., Neripteron violaceum, dan Littoraria melastonoma, Littoraria albicans, and Littoraria scabra.
Keywords: gastropods, Cassidula, Pirenella, Cerithidea, Neripteron, Ellobium, Littoraria
Abstrak
Desa Sungai Nyirih secara adminitrasi terletak di Kecamatan Jawai, Kabupaten Sambas, Kalimantan Barat. Desa ini merupakan salah satu desa pesisir dengan potensi hutan mangrove dan keanekaragaman biotanya, salah satunya adalah keong (moluska: gastropoda). Keong adalah salah satu biota yang dikonsumsi dengan pengolahan yang beraneka ragam oleh masyarakat setempat. Gastropoda berperan penting dalam rantai makanan. Selain itu, biota ini merupakan bioindikator kualitas suatu perairan. Pendataan jenis keong di ekosisten mangrove Desa Sungai Nyirih belum tersedia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis keong (Gastropoda) yang ditemukan pada Desa Sungai Nyirih, Sambas. Pengumpulan sampel keong dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi di seluruh ekosistem mangrove. Sampel kemudian diidentifikasi jenisnya. Genus yang ditemukan adalah Cassidula aurisfelis, Cassidula nucleus, Pirenella cingulata, Cerithidea obtusa, Ellobium sp., Neripteron violaceum, dan Littoraria melastonoma, Littoraria albicans, dan Littoraria scabra.
Kata kunci: gastropoda, Cassidula, Pirenella, Cerithidea, Neripteron, Ellobium, Littorari
Suitability Index and Supporting Capacity of Mangrove Ecotourism in Darunu Mangrove Park Wori District North Minahasa Regency
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to determine the type of mangrove, mangrove density, mangrove thickness, tides, associated biota objects, tourism suitability index, and carrying capacity of the Darunu mangrove tourism area. The research period is October-December 2023. The research methods used are cruising survey for mangrove species, line transect for mangrove density, remote sensing for mangrove thickness, and visualization for associated biota objects. Data analysis for the tourism suitability index (IKW) and area carrying capacity (DDK) is guided by the provisions of Yulianda (2019). The IKW value is 2.0 with the appropriate category and the DDK value is 25 people per day. The size of the DDK value of the mangrove tourism area depends on two main factors, namely the length of tracking and the length of operating time. The greater the value of tracking length and the length of operating time, the greater the DDK value, conversely the smaller the value of tracking length and the length of operating time, the smaller the DDK value. As a recommendation to the village government to be able to extend the tracking distance by utilizing the mangrove spaces that are still available, in addition to the tourist period can be extended with adequate facilities such as electricity, lighting, etc. so that the value of DDK can still be achieved as much as possible to increase the economic income of the village community while still paying attention to environmental sustainability. Furthermore, community participation to preserve this mangrove forest area is needed for the sustainability of ecotourism-based mangrove tourism at Darunu Mangrove Park.
Keywords: Area carrying capacity, Darunu Mangrove Park, Ecotourism, Mangrove, Tourism suitability index.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis mangrove, kerapatan mangrove, ketebalan mangrove, pasang surut air laut, objek biota asosiasi, indeks kesesuaian wisata dan daya dukung kawasan wisata Darunu Mangrove Park. Periode penelitian yaitu Oktober-Desember 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survey jelajah untuk jenis mangrove, transek garis untuk kerapatan mangrove, penginderaan jauh untuk ketebalan mangrove, visualisasi untuk objek biota asosiasi. Analisis data untuk indeks kesesuaian wisata (IKW) dan daya dukung kawasan (DDK) berpedoman pada ketentuan dari Yulianda (2019). Nilai IKW sebesar 2,0 dengan kategori sesuai dan nilai DDK sebanyak 25 orang per hari. Besar kecilnya nilai DDK kawasan wisata mangrove tergantung pada dua faktor utama, yaitu panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi. Semakin besar nilai panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi, maka semakin besar pula nilai DDK tersebut, sebaliknya semakin kecil nilai panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi maka semakin kecil nilai DDK tersebut. Sebagai rekomendasi kepada pemerintah desa untuk dapat memperpanjang jarak tracking dengan memanfaatkan ruang-ruang mangrove yang masih tersedia, disamping itu periode waktu wisata dapat diperpanjang dengan dilengkapi fasilitas yang memadai seperti listrik, penerangan, dan lain-lain, agar nilai DDK masih dapat dicapai semaksimal mungkin dalam rangka peningkatan pendapatan ekonomi masyarakat desa dengan tetap memperhatikan kelestarian lingkungannya. Selanjutnya peran serta masyarakat untuk menjaga kelestarian kawasan hutan mangrove ini sangat dibutuhkan demi keberlanjutan wisata mangrove berbasis ekowisata di Darunu Mangrove Park.
Kata kunci: Daya dukung kawasan, Darunu Mangrove Park, Ekowisata, Indeks kesesuaian wisata, Mangrove