Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX
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Temperature, Salinity and Dissolved Oxygen West and East seasons in the waters of Amurang Bay, North Sulawesi
Get PDFObservations of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen have been carried out in Amurang Bay waters, North Sulawesi. This study aims to determine the temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen during the west and east seasonal monsoons. The statistical analysis results using the t-test showed that the temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen in the West monsoon with the east monsoon were significantly different. Temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen in the west monsoon are lower than in the east. Variations in temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen are influenced by atmospheric conditions, weather, rainfall, and current patterns. Implicitly, temperature and salinity can affect the solubility of oxygen in the East monsoon. The value of AOU (Apparent Oxygen Utilization) in the west monsoon is less than 0.00 mg/l (negative), which indicates that oxygen is very much needed for the process of respiration and decomposition of organic substances during the west monsoon.
Keywords: oceanographic conditions, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, Amurang Bay.
 
Biometrics and Reproduction of Redbelly Yellowtail fusilier Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1791) in Guraping Bay, Halmahera Island, Indonesia
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the biometrics of yellowtail fish (length-weight relationship, growth patterns, condition factors, length-fecundity relationship) and reproductive aspects (gonadal maturity level, gonadal maturity index, and fecundity). The yellowtail fish sample used in this study was taken from fishermen's catches in April 2023. A total of 73 male individuals 17.0-29.9 cm total length, 62.00-356.00 gram, 77 female individuals 17.5-8 .1 cm total length, weight 69.88-288.00 grams. Male length-weight relationship W= 0.0140L2.9662 R2= 0.9812, isometric growth pattern. Female W= 0.0166L2.9104, R2 = 0.9633, growth pattern isometric. Condition factor 1.00 ± 0.06 for males and 1.00 ± 0.07 for females. Gonadal maturity levels I, II, III, IV and V for both males and females with the number of individuals at TKG I 65, II 26, III 25, IV 24, and V 10 individuals. The gonadal maturity index with the highest average value was 1.08 ± 0.47 at TKG IV. Fecundity ranged from 1.771-68.425 which was calculated on 28 fish samples with a mean ± SD of 20.158 ± 19.110. Biometric relationship with fecundity F = 102.67L0.1955, R² = 0.0789 shows a very weak relationship between length and fecundity.
Keywords: Length-weight, condition factor, maturity, gonad index, fecundity.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis biometrik ikan ekor kuning (hubungan panjang-berat, pola pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, hubungan panjang-fekunditas) dan aspek reproduksi (tingkat kematangan gonad, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas). Sampel ikan ekor kuning yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari tangkapan nelayan pada bulan April 2023. Sebanyak 73 individu jantan 17,0-29,9 cm panjang total, 62,00-356,00 gram, 77 individu betina 17,5-8,1 cm panjang total, berat 69,88-288,00 gram. Hubungan panjang-berat jantan W= 0,0140 L 2,9662 R2= 0,9812, pola pertumbuhan isometrik. Betina W= 0,0166L2,9104, R2 = 0,9633, pola pertumbuhan isometrik. Fakotor kondisi 1,00±0,06 untuk jantan dan betina 1,00±0,07. Tingkat kematangan gonad I, II, III, IV dan V baik jantan maupun betina dengan jumlah individu pada TKG I 65, II 26, III 25, IV 24, dan V 10 individu. Indeks kematangan gonad dengan nilai rata-rata tertinggi yaitu 1,08±0,47 pada TKG IV. Fekunditas berkisar pada 1.771-68.425 yang dihitung pada 28 sampel ikan dengan rata-rata ± SD 20.158 ±19.110. Hubungan biometrik dengan fekunditas F = 102,67L0,1955, R² = 0,0789 menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat lemah antara panjang dan fekunditas.
Kata Kunci: Panjang-berat, faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad indeks, fekunditas
The Relationship Of Clean Water And Environmental Sanitation To The Incident Of Diarrhea: Systematic Review
Get PDFIndonesia is one of the developing countries that experiences diarrhea problems. This is because of its high morbidity and mortality. Diarrhea is an endemic disease that has the potential to cause Extraordinary Events (KLB) which are often accompanied by death in Indonesia. Most diarrheal diseases can be prevented through safe drinking water and adequate sanitation and hygiene. This study aims to determine the relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. This research uses a systematic review method (Systematic Review) which is a research method for identifying, evaluating, and interpreting research results that are relevant to a particular research topic, or phenomenon that is the focus of the research. The results of this research show that there is a relationship between environmental sanitation such as the physical quality of water, ownership of a toilet, type of floor in the house, and the incidence of diarrhea. It is hoped that after this research is carried out, mothers and health policy stakeholders such as the health department and community health centers can improve residential environmental health programs to have physically clean water quality and good environmental sanitation.
Keywords: Environmental Sanitation, Diarrhea, Toddlers, Systematic Revie
Strategy for Sustainable Use of Mangrove Ecosystem In Coastal Tatengesan, Southeast Minahasa Regency
Get PDFThe mangrove ecosystem area in the coastal area of Tatengesan Village, Pusomaen District, Southeast Minahasa Regency has been developed as a mangrove ecotourism area which has been managed by Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMD) since January 2019 with assistance from the Mandiri Rural National Community Empowerment Program (PNPM) team. The development of this mangrove ecotourism activity was stopped for a moment due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, but currently, COVID-19 cases are considered endemic so this mangrove ecotourism activity will be developed again. This research aims to formulate some strategies for the sustainable use of the mangrove ecosystem on the Tatengesan coast, Southeast Minahasa Regency. This research lasted for 5 months, from September 2022 - February 2023. This research used descriptive qualitative methods with survey technique, i.e., in-depth direct interviews with resource persons (respondents). The formulation of priority strategies (key success factors) was analyzed using S.W.O.T and strategy choice analysis. This research produced 9 (nine) priority strategies as academic texts, which can be recommended to governments related to the marine and fisheries sector as elements of public policy-making officials.
Keywords: Tatengesan village, mangrove ecotourism, sustainable use, priority strategies.
Abstrak
Kawasan ekosistem mangrove di wilayah pesisir Desa Tatengesan, Kecamatan Pusomaen, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara dikembangkan sebagai kawasan ekowisata mangrove yang dikelola oleh Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMD) sejak Januari 2019 dengan pendampingan oleh tim Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) Mandiri Perdesaan. Kegiatan ekowisata mangrove ini pengembangannya terhenti sejenak dikarenakan adanya dampak pandemi Covid-19, namun saat ini kasus Covid-19 sudah dianggap endemi sehingga kegiatan ekowisata mangrove ini akan dikembangkan kembali. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu merumuskan strategi pemanfaatan berkelanjutan ekosistem mangrove ke arah berkelanjutan di pesisir Tatengesan Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Riset ini berlangsung selama 5 bulan, dari September 2022 - Februari 2023. Riset ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik survei, yaitu wawancara langsung secara mendalam (in-depth interview) kepada narasumber (responden). Perumusan strategi prioritas (faktor kunci keberhasilan) di analisis dengan menggunakan S.W.O.T dan analisis pilihan strategi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 9 (sembilan) strategi prioritas sebagai naskah akademik, yang dapat direkomendasikan kepada pemerintah terkait pada sektor kelautan dan perikanan sebagai unsur pejabat pembuat kebijakan publik.
Kata kunci: Desa Tatengesan, ekowisata mangrove, pemanfaatan berkelanjutan, strategi prioritas
A Study of The Treatment of Larvae Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) In Banyuwangi
Get PDFVannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a brackish water commodity that is currently in great demand and is a leading producer of the aquaculture sector in Indonesia. This is because some of the advantages possessed by the vannamei shrimp, among others, can be maintained with a high stocking density, rapid growth, has a high resistance to disease and environmental changes. The mating process occurs through four stages, namely approach, pursuit, pride, and mating. This process can be known by looking at the behavior of the male parent who swims to follow the female parent. They both looked like a chase. Then the male parent swims parallel to the female and turns her body towards the female shrimp's belly. After that, the male grabs the female and releases sperm that attach to the thellycum. In the maintenance of larvae that must be considered is the management of water quality and feed management. This is because water is a living medium for aquatic organisms, so it determines the survival of larvae.
During the period of high maintenance and market, demand continues to increase where the shrimp farming process includes the hatchery stage to enlargement. Vannamei shrimp hatchery activities are inseparable from the availability of quality fr
The Abundance Of Sea Cucumber Species In The Waters Of The Wet Laboratory Of East Likupang, North Minahasa
Get PDFSea cucumbers, or Holothuroidea, are a class within the Echinodermata phylum. All organisms within this class possess characteristic spiny or knobbed skin composed of calcite particles. Several species of sea cucumber are internationally traded fishing commodities. The hunting of sea cucumbers is not only limited to the high-value species but also extends to lower-value species that initially garnered little attention. The sampling method used in this study began with a daytime location survey, followed by sample collection at night during the lowest tide, using a flashlight for illumination. All species of sea cucumbers found in the surveyed areas were collected. Following the collection, sorting was conducted where only two individuals of each morphological type, color, and other similar traits were kept, while the rest were returned to the waters. The sorted samples were then photographed for identification purposes, and to analyze the density of the discovered sea cucumber species, the number of individuals per suspected species was noted. The images of the collected samples were then compared with a guide for species identification. The World Register of Marine Species (WORMS) 2023 guide was used for this purpose. Subsequently, the number of individual species found was analyzed to determine the density of individuals and the abundance of sea cucumber species. The results of the identification process revealed 7 species with a total of 53 individuals.
Keywords: Teripang, Holothuroidea, Likupang
Abstrak
Teripang atau Holothuroidea merupakan salah satu dari kelas Echinodermata. Semuah golongan organisme ini memiliki ciri kulit yang berduri atau yang berbintil atau tersusun dari sat-sat kapur. Beberapa jenis teripang merupakan komoditi perikanan yang diperdaganngkan secara Internasional. Perburuan teripang tidak saja pada jenis-jenis yang berharga mahal, tetapi juga pada jenis-jenis yang berharga murah yang pada awalnya tidak memiliki perhatian.
Metode pengambilan sampel diawali dengan survei lokasi pada siang hari dan pengambilan sampel pada malam hari saat surut terendah dengan menggunakan senter sebagai alat penerang. Spesies yang diambil adalah semua jenis teripang yang ditemukan di perairan tesebut. Setelah teripang terkumpul dilanjutkan dengan penyortiran dimana hanya di ambil dua individu setiap bentuk morfologi, warna dan ciri lainnya yang sama. Sedangkan sisanya dikembalikan ke perairan. Sampel yang telah disortir, lalu difoto untuk keperluan iderntifikasi, kemudian untuk menganalisis kepadatan jenis teripang yang ditemukan dicatat jumlah individu setiap jenis yang điduga merupakan spesies/jenis yang sama. Sampel yang telah diambil foto/gambarnya dicocokkan dengan gambar panduan untuk identifikasi jenis. Panduan untuk mengidentifikasi digunakan WORMS (2023) Selanjutnya jumlah jenis individu yang ditemukan dianalisi untuk mendapatkan kepadatan individu dan kelimpahan spesies teripang. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan 7 spesies dengan jumlah 53 individu.
Katakunci: Teripang, Holothuroidea, Likupang
The Effectiveness of Cylindrical Attractors Against Squid Egg Attachment in Manado Bay Waters
Get PDFData collection in this study used a descriptive method, namely collecting, describing, and describing events systematically and accurately in accordance with the objects observed. This method aims to provide a systematic, factual, and accurate picture of the facts, nature, and relationships between phenomena, test hypotheses, make predictions and get the meaning and implications of the problems investigated. It can be seen that the attachment of squid eggs in the second location has not been observed during observations from August 2022 to September 2022. Observations at the East Malalayang One location did not find any laying of eggs, due to cloudy water conditions, while the two West One Malalayang locations found sticking of eggs with a total of 241 eggs attached, the number of attachments to the iron type attractor was 202 squid eggs and to the drum type namely 39 squid eggs. Squid attractors in the form of iron are mostly attached to eggs where the effectiveness rate is between 83.8% while for the type of used drum attractor, it is only around 16.2%. The form of the iron attractor is more effective because the iron attractor's cover is covered with parent nets. It can also be seen that the effectiveness of attaching squid eggs according to the level of water depth, for the effectiveness of squid sticking at a depth of 3 meters (53.53%) compared to only 5 meters (46.47%).
Keywords: Attractor, Squid eggs, Manado Bay
Abstrak
Pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif yaitu mengumpulkan, menguraikan, dan menggambarkan peristiwa secara sistematis dan akurat sesuai dengan objek yang diamati. Tujuan penggunaan metode ini yaitu untuk memberikan gambaran secara sistematis, faktual dan akurat tentang fakta, sifat, serta hubungan antara fenomena, menguji hipotesa, membuat prediksi dan mendapatkan makna serta implikasi dari masalah yang diselidiki. Pengamatan di lokasi Malalayang Satu Timur tidak ditemukan penempelan telur, dikarenakan kondisi perairan yang keruh, sedangkan lokasi dua Malalayang Satu Barat ditemukan penempelan telur dengan jumlah penempelan 241 telur, jumlah penempelan pada atraktor tipe besi yakni 202 telur cumi dan pada tipe drum yakni 39 telur cumi. Atraktor cumi berbentuk besi lebih banyak di tempeli dengan telur dimana tingkat efektifitasnya antara 83,8% sedangkan untuk tipe atraktor drum bekas hanya sekitar 16,2%. Bentuk atraktor besi lebih efektif karena bagian penutup atraktor besi semuanya ditutupi jaring paranet. Terlihat juga efektivitas penempelan telur cumi menurut tingkat kedalaman perairan, untuk efektivitas cumi yang menempel pada kedalaman 3 meter yakni (53,53%) dibandingkan 5 meter hanya (46,47%).
Atraktor; Telur cumi-cumi; Teluk Manad
Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compound in Mangrove Fruit (Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.)
Get PDFMangrove fruit (Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.) has a good bioactive and antioxidant compound. Mangrove fruits are usually extracted with methanol solvent and thus it’s necessary to investigate the influence of different solvents on their antioxidant activity. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of solvent polarity on the antioxidant activity of mangrove fruit extract. The solvent used was n-hexane (nonpolar), ethyl acetate (semi-polar), and methanol (polar). Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH method. The polarity of the solvents significantly affected the IC50 values of mangrove fruit extract. IC50 values from n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were 354,83 ppm, 120,19 ppm, and 58,61 ppm respectively. The crude extract (methanol) can inhibit fat oxidation and achieve the best peroxide number of 3.00 mEq/kg oil, which was lowered at a concentration of 31.25 ppm. Methanol extract and Ethyl acetate contained bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenols hydroquinone, and, tannins. N-hexane extract had steroids. The best solvent to produce the highest antioxidant activity and inhibit peroxide was methanol.
Keywords: Bioactive compound, mangrove fruit, polarity
Abstrak
Buah Bakau (Rhizophora mucronata Lamk.) memiliki komponen bioaktif dan aktivitas antioksidan yang baik. Umumnya buah bakau diekstrak dengan menggunakan metanol, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan pelarut terhadap aktivitas antioksidan buah bakau. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dari buah bakau dengan metode DPPH yang diekstraksi dengan tiga macam pelarut berbeda yaitu, n-heksana (nonpolar), etil asetat (semi polar) dan metanol (polar). Nilai IC50 ekstrak kasar buah bakau dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh tingkat kepolaran pelarut. Nilai IC50 dari ekstrak kasar n-heksana sebesar 354,83 ppm, ekstrak kasar etil asetat sebesar 120,19 ppm dan ekstrak kasar metanol sebesar 58,61 ppm. Ekstrak kasar (metanol) dapat menghambat oksidasi lemak dan menghasilkan nilai bilangan peroksida terbaik sebesar 3,00 Meq/Kg minyak yang dapat diturunkan pada konsentrasi 31,25 ppm. Ekstrak kasar metanol dan etil asetat mengandung komponen bioaktif alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, fenol hidrokuinon dan tannin. Ekstrak kasar n-heksana mengandung komponen bioaktif yaitu steroid. Pelarut terbaik yang dapat menghasilkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi serta dapat menghambat bilangan peroksida terbaik adalah metanol.
Kata kunci: komponen bioaktif, Buah bakau, kepolaran
A New and Practical Method for Measuring Sponge Spicules
Get PDFBinocular light microscopy (BLM) is an excellent match for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a trinocular light microscope equipped with a micrometer (TLM). The practicality, user-friendliness, and short-time analysis of BLM make this method a good choice for spicule analysis. However, its effectiveness and accuracy are yet to be confirmed. This study aimed to validate the effectiveness of BLM by comparing its usefulness to both TLM and the gold standard methods. BLM was first subjected to measuring megascleres and microscleres of 2 sponges. Then, by using the If function built-in Excell and t-test in SPSS 16.0, the compatibility of BLM was evaluated against SEM by measuring the length of spicules from 4 Sangihe sponges and their counterpart species from different locations. Furthermore, the t-test analysis was used to validate the compatibility and effectiveness of our method to the TLM by measuring the spicules of four sponges. Both the F-function and the t-test analysis proved BLM was compatible with SEM with both measurements showing a perfect match for megascleres typed spicules of 4 compared sponges. This new technique also showed a perfect match with SEM (p = 0.367, t-test) and with TLM (p = 0.963, t-test).
Keywords: Spicules, sponges, SEM, Wallacea, biomaterial, sponge taxonom
Potential Management And Utilization Levels Of Decaptureus macarells In Manado Bay
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the meristic and morphometric characteristics of the flying catfish in Manado Bay. It is hoped that it will be useful in the optimal management process based on characteristics, and become reference material for policymakers, practitioners, and the public so that they are more concerned about the preservation of flying catfish, and serve as a basis for managing flying fish resources. Data for flying fish are taken from the Fish Auction Place (TPI), fishing boat landing sites, and several markets in Manado City. Measurement of morphometric and meristic data was carried out directly at the sampling location, including observations of fish fins and scales. Morphometric data analysis is presented in the total length frequency distribution graph. The relationship between two certain morphometric characters is determined by the formula: regression Y = a + b X and the correlation value is r to see the closeness of the relationship between the two characters. The relationship between the two calculated characters is presented in graphical form. The morphometric value of the blue swallow is obtained, namely the Y axis which is the same as FL with a value of 5.297, and the X axis which is the same as TL with a value of 0.887.
Keywords: morphometrics, meristic, flying fish, Manado Bay
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakter meristik dan morfometrik ikan layang di Teluk Manado. Diharapkan bermanfaat dalam proses pengelolaan secara optimal berdasarkan karakteristik, dan menjadi bahan referensi bagi pengambil kebijakan, praktisi, dan masyarakat agar lebih peduli dalam pelestarian ikan layang, serta dijadikan sebagai dasar dalam pengelolaan sumber daya ikan layang. Data ikan layang diambil dari Tempat Pelelangan Ikan (TPI), tempat pendaratan perahu nelayan, dan beberapa pasar di Kota Manado. Pengukuran data morfometrik dan meristik dilakukan secara langsung di lokasi pengambilan sampel, termasuk pengamatan sirip dan sisik ikan. Analisis data morfometrik disajikan dalam grafik sebaran frekuensi panjang total. Hubungan antara dua karakter morfomterik tertentu ditentukan dengan rumus : regresi Y = a + b X dan nilai korelasinya yakni r untuk melihat keeratan hubungan kedua karakter. Hubungan kedua karakter yang dihitung akan disajikan dalam bentuk grafik. morfometrik ikan layang biru diperoleh nilai yaitu sumbu Y yang sama dengan FL dengan nilai 5.297, dan sumbu X yang sama dengan TL dengan nilai 0.887.
Kata kunci: morfometrik, meristik, ikan layang, Teluk Manad