Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan
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Ecological and Socio-Economic Contribution of Mt. Elgon Forest Park, Eastern Uganda
No full textThis paper explores the ecological and socio-economic contribution of Mt. Elgon forest park, eastern Uganda. An effort was taken to evaluate the importance of Mt. Elgon forest park resources to the local people by using the local plant knowledge to value the forest park resources. An integrated approach of participatory rural appraisal (PRA), Participatory Resource Valuation (PRV), household survey, group discussions and forest walks were conducted during the months of June to December, 2008 in Mutushet and Kortek Parishes, Kapchorwa District. Using random sampling methods, 120 respondents were selected and interviewed. Ten forest uses were identified with the highest dependence being in the supply of timber for income and domestic building poles, the latter having the highest average annual household value of UGx. 67919 (US 33) and UGx. 75,464 (US$ 42) respectively. The forest provision of medicine, domestic building materials, soil conservation, bush meat, charcoal and timber was more valued in Koterk, while provision of firewood, honey and pasture were more valued in Mutushet. The forest’s provision of food was valued equally in the two areas with an average annual value of UGx. 30,186 per household. Forest park resources accounted for 55% of the household income. Participatory valuation approaches are ecommended for estimation of forest park resources’ value in a non-cash economy
Informasi dari Feses dan Jejak Kaki Rusa Sambar (Cervus unicolor) serta Implikasinya pada Akurasi Penaksiran Populasi
No full textInformation from Feces and Foot Tracks of Sambar Deer(Cervus unicolor), and Its Implication on PopulationEstimationThis study aims to investigate Sambar Deer (Cervus unicolor) ecology from the encounter of pellet piles groups and tracks in the study area. This study was carried out in Swanslutung village, one of the villages in the Paser District, East Kalimantan, where the hunting pressure is still relatively high and local people still depend on hunting for bush-meat of Sambar Deer. Further discussion addresses to find accurate and reliable scheme of population etimate. Average density estimate for the study area, based on the groups of pellet piles count, was 3.01 + 0.17 individuals/km2. Tracks can give information about sex and age classes, some of essential parts to study population dynamic of Sambar Deer. Dispersion of pellet piles groups and tracks can be used in tracking to study home range and territories of the species
Kandungan Unsur Hara Daun Pinus Merkusi Jungh. et de Vriese dan Sifat-sifat Tanah di Tegakan dengan Produksi Getah yang Bervariasi
Get PDFSecara ekonomi, peranan tegakan Pinus dari tahun ke tahun meningkat dari nilai getahnya dan telah menjadi produk unggulan di Perum PERHUTANI. Di beberapa KPH produksi getah antara petak satu dengan petak lainnya mempunyai variasi yang cukup besar, padahal berasal dari bibit yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari sifat tanah dan iklimnya yang berakibat pada kandungan hara daun yang diduga sebagai penyebab perbedaan produksi getah. Penelitian dilakukan di Ngablak dengan produksi getah rendah (>15 g/pohon/3 hari), kedua RPH terletak di KPH Kedu Utara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membuat profil tanah pada masing-masing petak dengan 3 ulangan. Sampel daun segar diambil dengan memanjat pohon dengan memotong rantingnya, daun dan dianalisis unsur hara makro dan mikro. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada pinus di Ngablak terletak pada elevasi rata-rata 1.213 m dpl dan di Grabag pada elevasi 908 m dpl. Ketebalan solum di Ngablak hanya 60 cm, warna tanahnya lebih cerah (yellowish red) dan di dalam profil tanah terdapat banyak batu-batu yang keras, sedangkan di Grabag mempunyai solum > 90 cm, warna tanah lebih kelam (dark brown) dan tidak ada bahan kasar di dalamnya. Biomassa sersah, tinggi dan diameter di Ngablak hanya 1.317 ton/ha, 19,3 m dan 20,8 cm, sedangkan di Grabag 6.857 ton/ ha, 31,6 m dan 20,8 cm. Kandungan Mg dan Mn di Ngablak 0,14 ppm dan 86 ppm, sedangkan di Grabag 0,27 ppm dan 283 ppm. Kandungan unsur hara C, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu dan Zn relatif tidak begitu berbeda.Katakunci: Pinus merkusii, produksi getah, unsur hara, elevasi, sifat tanah Nutrient Content of Pinus merkusi Jungh. et de Vriese Leaf and Its Soil Properties under Varied Resin Production Levels of StandsAbstractEconomically, the role of pine stands increased because of the value of the resin. The resin has been a flagship product of Perum PERHUTANI. In some areas, resin production varied among compartments. The variation is quite large even the trees were from the same seed origins. This study aimed to study the soil properties and climate, which results in variation of leaf nutrient content. Those were predicted as the cause of differences in the production of resin. The study was conducted in both RPH Ngablak (lower resin production, (15 g/tree/3 d), which are located in KPH Kedu Utara. Soil samples were taken in each compartment with three replications. Fresh leaf samples were collected and analyzed for the macro and micro nutrients. The results showed that the pine in Ngablak lies at an elevation of about 1,213 m, while in Grabag it lies on 908 m above sea level. The thickness of the soil’s solum in Ngablak was only 60 cm. The soil was brighter in colors (yellowish red) and many hard stones were found in soil’s profile. Whereas in Grabag the solum was > 90 cm, dark in color (dark brown) and no coarse material in the soil’s profile. Litter biomass, trees height and diameter in Ngablak were only 1,317 tons/ha, 19.3 m and 20.8 cm, respectively. While in Grabag, the litter biomass, trees height and diameter were accounted for 6,857 tons/ha, 31.6 m and 20.8 cm, respectively. The leaf content of Mg and Mn in Ngablak were 0.14 ppm and 86 ppm, respectively, while in Grabag were accounted for 0.27 ppm and 283 ppm, respectively. Nutrient content of C, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Fe, Cu and Zn in both areas were no significant different.
Perubahan Struktur dan Komposisi Hutan Rawa Gambut Menggunakan Citra Penginderaan Jauh dan Pendekatan Ekologis di Kawasan Bekas Pengembangan Lahan Gambut Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Get PDFPengembangan lahan gambut (PLG) satu juta hektar untuk lahan pertanian antara tahun 1995-1998 di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah telah menyebabkan perubahan yang nyata terhadap struktur dan komposisi hutannya, dan secara langsung memberikan dampak terhadap keseimbangan fungsi ekologisnya. Perubahan hutan rawa gambut (HRG) yang relatif cepat belum sepenuhnya dapat diikuti dengan kegiatan evaluasi riil, karena luasnya kawasan dan akses yang terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan perubahan struktur dan komposisi HRG antara tahun 2003-2010 menggunakan teknik penginderaan jauh dan pendekatan ekologis dikawasan bekas PLG dengan luas ± 368.000 ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi citra penginderaan jauh melalui model kerapatan kanopi hutan, berhasil menentukan klasifikasi dan distribusi perubahan struktur dan komposisi HRG dan kondisi ekologisnya secara efektif. Kawasan HRG dengan kondisi ekologis alamiah dan sub alamiah telah berkurang luasnya sebesar 1,49 %, kawasan hutan semi alamiah dan transisi ke semi alamiah bertambah luasnya sebesar 3,69 %, dan kawasan hutan transisi dan non alamiah bertambah luasnya sebesar 4,39 %. Fakta ini menggambarkan bahwa kawasan HRG bekas PLG saat ini mengalami penurunan keragaman jenis-jenis endemik dengan indeks antara 0,5 - 2,5 yang mengakibatkan kurang stabilnya fungsi ekologi atau ekosistemnya.Katakunci: hutan rawa gambut, penginderaan jauh, ekologi, struktur dan komposisi hutan Structural and Composition Changes of Peat Swampeat Forests Using Remote Sensing and Ecological Approaches at the Abandoned Peat Development Site in Central Kalimantan ProvinceAbstractPeatland project of one million hectares to agricultural land between 1995 and 1998, the so-called Mega Rice Project (MRP) in Central Kalimantan province, have significantly changed both structure and composition of peat swamp forest (PSF) as well as the balance of ecological functions. These quick changes have not been fully followed by real evaluation activities due to large area and limited access. To answer these problems, this study aimed to estimate these changes between 2003 and 2010 using remote sensing techniques and ecological approach on approximately 368,000 ha of ex-MRP area. The results showed that the application of remote sensing imagery through Forest Canopy Density (FCD) models were able to determine both forest classification and distribution effectively, including its ecological conditions. The natural and sub-natural PSF area had decreased by 1.49%, semi natural and its transition increased by 3.69%. Non natural and its transition increased by 4.39%. These facts illustrate that PSF on ex-MRP area was decreasing in term of its endemic species diversity with index between 0.5 and 2.5. Consequently, its ecological or ecosystem functions were also unstable
Keberhasilan Okulasi Jati (Tectona grandis L.f.) Hasil Eksplorasi di Gunung Kidul
No full textGrafting Success Story of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) from Exploration Material in Gunung KidulTeak exploration as planting material source of superior genotype is necessary for hedge orchard establishment for forest communities in order to produce the planting material by themselves. The objective of this study is to identify the success and growth of teak grafting resulted from exploration in Gunung Kidul region.The exploration aimed to collect teak ortet (mother tree). The ortets would be used as materials for hedge orchard, as the cutting source for community forest plantation. The study was conducted in Gunung Kidul region (for exploration) and in the Laboratorium on Intensive Silviculture, Silviculture Department, Faculty of Forestry UGM. In the laboratory, the first three months was to examine grafting compatibility, and the second three months to monitor the growth of teak grafting. The experiment in the laboratory was performed with Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with treatment of 16 clones and 10 treeplot replication each, making total of 160 clones.The study resulted in the following: 1) from the exploration, there were 52 clones having good genotypes; 2) from the 52 good-genotype clones, there were 16 clones having good compatibility; 3) in the period of 3 months, the best height growth was shown by clone number 6 with 27 cm; the best diameter growth by clone number 5 with 0.252 cm, and in term of leaf number, the best was shown by clone number 15 with 9.2 blades. In general clone number 6 showed the best compatibility and growth, with sprout life percentage of 37.03%; height growth of 2.7 cm; diameter growth of 0.114 cm and leaf number of 9.2 blades
Tingkat Kesukaan Rusa Bawean (Axis kuhlii) terhadap Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah di Suaka Margasatwa dan Cagar Alam Pulau Bawean
Get PDFLevel of Food Preference of Bawean Deer (Axis kuhlii) on Food Species in Wildlife Sanctuary and Nature Reserve of Bawean IslandThis research has a background on the importance of food preference of Rusa Bawean (Axis kuhlii). This information can be used to ensure the adequacy of preferred food availability within their habitat. This paper aimed to estimate food preference of Rusa Bawean employing faecal analysis. The technique was selected because it is safe for the animal and is easy in data analysis and interpretation. To achieve the aim, quasi experimental design was applied to 30 vegetation plots and 60 faecal samples. Data was collected during January 2005 and June 2006 in the area of Wildlife Sanctuary and Nature Reserve of Bawean Island. Data was analyzed with chi-square test and food selection index. Result shows Rusa Bawean have preferences on some of food species, and they do not select their food species randomly according to its abundance. Preferred food species include Kabak-kabakan alas (Brachiaria distachya), Talioar (Panicum cordayum), Gadung (Dioscorea hispida), Andudur (Caryota mitis), Rombok putih (Merremia peltata), Pele (Urena lobata) and Kabak-kabakan merah (Ischaemum timorense). Whereas avoided food species include Lating-latingan (Scleria hebecarpa), Ancucu (Pericampylus glaucus), Lambu Merah (Paspalum conjugatum), Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica), Padi-padian (Centotheca lappacea), Lente-lentean (Fimbristylis dichotoma), Taliata (Lygodium circinnatum ) dan Kayu sape (Symplocos adenophylla)
Penafsiran Volume Pohon Pinus merkusii melalui Foto Udara (Studi Kasus BKPH Majenang, KPH Banyumas Barat)
No full textInterpretation of Stock Volume of Pinus merkusii using Aerial Photographs (Case Study in BKPH Majenang, West Banyumas FMUThe study aims to compile and analyse the growing stock volume of Pinus merkusii by using stand parameter measured through aerial photographs. The study was conducted by using black-white panchromatic aerial photographs produced in 2005 and the scale was 1 : 20,000. The study was conducted in Pinus merkusii taping plots in the Majenang BKPH, under the forest districts of west Banyumas, Perum Perhutani using tree height, crown diameter and number of trees per hectare as parameters. Data analysis was done to define the relationship among these parameters in regression equation. The steps of the study were defining measurement plots in aerial photographs, measurement of stand parameters in the aerial photographs and field observation. Data analysis was performed using micro computer. As a result, the regression equation for each location as follows: V = 72,415 – 0,231 N + 35,242 H – 24,454D – 0,923 (N x D), with the determination coefficient was 0,789 and the significance of 95%. Where: V = growing stock volume (m3), N = the number of trees per hectare, H = tree height (m) and D = crown diameter (m). It was concluded that number of tree per hectare, tree height and crown diameter were good predictors for standing stock volume of Pinus merkusii
Normalitas Tegakan Berbasis Resiko untuk Pengaturan Kelestarian Hasil Hutan Tanaman Jati di Perum Perhutani
Get PDFHutan tanaman jati yang dikelola oleh Perum Perhutani, dalam berbagai keadaan termasuk kondisi yang relatif aman, selalu memiliki resiko kerusakan yang menyebabkan menurunnya kualitas kelas hutan produktif ke arah tidak produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui standar kenormalan hutan tanaman jati yang mempertimbangkan resiko kerusakan sebagai dasar pengaturan kelestarian hasil. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di KPH Randublatung Perum Perhutani Divisi Regional Jawa Tengah. Resiko kerusakan (casualty per cent) didekati dari angka kerusakan tegakan berdasarkan data seri selama 4 jangka perencanaan mulai jangka 1983/1992 sampai jangka 2013/2022. Normalitas tegakan didekati dari luas tegakan yang harus dibangun, sedemikian sehingga diperoleh hasil tahunan yang realtif sama dengan mempertimbangkan casualty per cent. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas hutan normal ideal tanpa mempertimbangkan resiko kerusakan di KPH Randublatung dengan luas untuk produksi 27.359,4 ha dan daur 60 tahun adalah sebesar 456,0 ha per tahun. Dengan mempertimbangkan casualty per cent, luas hutan normal berbasis resiko di KPH Randublatung sebesar 229,5 ha per tahun atau 50,3% dari luas normal ideal. Untuk memperoleh hasil tahunan yang realtif sama seluas 229,5 ha, struktur luas hutan yang harus dibangun mulai KU I, KU II, KU III, KU IV, KU V, dan KU VI berturut-turut sebesar 6.875 ha; 5.784 ha; 4.711 ha; 3.997 ha; 3.232 ha dan 2.761 ha.Katakunci: casualty per cent, hutan normal, Perum Perhutani, hutan tanaman jati Risks-based Stand Normality for Sustainable Yield Forest Plantation in Perum PerhutaniAbstractIn any situation, either secure or insecure, teak forest plantations encounter high risks due to ecological and social disturbances, causing degradation and decrease their normality in terms of areas and standing stock. This research aimed to determine the normality standard of teak forest plantations under risks as a basis for better sustained yield regulation. This research was conducted in forest management unit (FMU) of Randublatung, state-owned forest company (Perhutani), located at Central Java. The risk of forest damages, called casualty per cent, was calculated using a series of age class structures based on a 10-year periodic forest inventory for four sequential planning periods:1983/1992, 1993/2002, 2003/2012,to 2013/2022. The normal forest was determined based on the stands area basis, which was defined based on the final cutting area that already incorporates casualty per cent, in such a way that each year the newly planted forests areas have relatively the same number. The results showed that without casualty per cent, the normal forest built every year in FMU Randublatung was 456 ha/year for a 60-year rotation cycle. However, by incorporating the damage risks (casualty per cent), the normal forest area in KPH Randublatung should be built only 229.5 ha/year or just 50.3% of the current planning. Furthermore, in order to obtain this annual harvesting, the normal forests should have age classes structures from age class I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, in such a way that their areas equal to 6,875 ha, 5,784 ha, 4,711 ha, 3,997 ha, 3,232 ha, and 2,761 ha, respectively
Pengaruh Pola Susunan Laminasi Balok Bambu Tali (Gigantochloa apus Kurz) terhadap Kerapatan, Delaminasi dan Keteguhan Patah
Get PDFEffect of Lamination Pattern of Tali Bamboo (Gigantochloa apus Kurz) Beam on Density, Delamination, And Rupture StrengthBamboo is a potential species as its price is relatively less expensive than wood logs while it also represents a fast growing plant and is easy to plant. In general bamboos in South Kalimantan have not been exploited optimally. Its utilization for construction purposes is very limited. This study aims to identify the effects of lamination pattern on the density, delamination and rupture impregnability (Modulus of Rupture, MoR) of laminated bamboo blocks, with the combinations of a (reed wall- reed wall), b (reed wall-husk), and c (husk- husk and reed wall-reed wall). The results showed that lamination patterns affected the density, delamination and rupture impregnability of the laminae produced. The average density (kg/cm3) is 0.5321, 0.6923, and 0.6746 for treatments a, b, and c respectively. Delamination percentage (%) is 6.55, 16.65, and 21.1, while the rupture impregnability level (kg/cm2) is 228.99, 152.09,and 171.97 for treatments a, b, and c respectively. Delamination percentage of less than 10% suggets that the laminae produced can be used for building construction. that It is concluded that lamination pattern of reed wall-reed wall gave the best performance of bamboo lamina with the average density of 0.5321 kg/cm3, the delamination percentage of 6.55% , and the rupture impregnability level of 228.99 kg/cm2.
Studi Kenyamanan untuk Aktivitas di Lanskap Hutan Kota UGM Studi Kasus: Klaster Agro UGM
No full textA Study of Comfort for Activities in Urban Forest Landscape of UGM; Study Case: Agro Cluster UGMThe phenomenon of global warming has caused discomfort activity in urban area. Greening in open space of Gadjah Mada University campus has been developed as urban forest landscape that supporting good environment produced high comfort for activity and enhancing urban conservation. The research objectives were to observe the comfort for activity in urban forest landscape, to observe the canopy coverage of urban forest and to reveal the effect of tree canopy coverage to the comfort for activity. Data collection was carried out by visual observation, questioner, micro climate measurement, and hemispherical images of the tree canopy coverage. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The tree canopy coverage was calculated by the Sky View Factor (SVF) of hemispherical images. Research results showed that activity types in the urban forest landscape were study (10%), sitting (37%), meeting (39%), others (14%) at spread of sitting areas. Some factors that affect the comfort for activity in urban forest landscape were aesthetic, lower temperature, fresh air, inspirited area, and listened bird voice. The respondents (82%) said that the urban forest landscape was comfort for activity at whole time of 07.00 - 17.00 by the condition of local climate presented by air temperature at 29.7 - 32.6°C, normal humidity at 61.5 -74.1% and breeze wind velocity at 0.6 - 2.8 m/s. Tree canopy of urban forest landscape had covered more than 50% identified by Sky View Factor (SVF 0.026-0.446). The tree canopy coverage of urban forest created tree shaded areas for the activities which showed thermally comfort because of microclimate controlled by urban forest