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The significance of gendered society and subject structure for intergenerational relations today: the unfulfilled imperative of a “double socialization for all”?
No full textAus der Perspektive einer feministisch gewendeten kritischen Theorie und Sozialforschung konstatierte Regina Becker-Schmidt in den 1980er-Jahren eine „doppelte Vergesellschaftung“ des weiblichen Subjekts. Der von Becker-Schmidt vorgelegten ideologiekritischen Deutung folgend, wird in dem Beitrag für das aktuelle Geschlechter- und Generationenverhältnis die These einer uneingelösten „doppelten Vergesellschaftung für alle“ aufgestellt, der ein Sorge negierendes und auf kapitalistischen Prämissen beruhendes Freiheitsversprechen entgegenläuft. Unter diesen gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen wird die sich in der pädagogischen Beziehung realisierende existentielle Angewiesenheit zum vermeintlich Unvernünftigen, das es zu überwinden gilt, anstatt Angewiesenheit zum Gegenstand von Erziehungs- und Bildungsprozessen – und damit auch für die Soziale Arbeit – zu machen.From the perspective of feminist critical theory and social research, Regina Becker-Schmidt observed a “double socialization” of the female subject in the 1980s. Following her ideology–critical interpretation, the article states an unfulfilled “double socialization for all” for the current gender and generational relationship, which runs counter to a promise of freedom that negates care and is based on capitalist premises. Under these societal constellations, existential dependency that is realized in the pedagogical relationship becomes supposedly irrational, which must be overcome instead of being recognized as a subject of educational processes.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1034)Peer Reviewe
Satzung für den Betrieb gewerblicher Art „Hochschulambulanz für Psychotherapie und Psychodiagnostik“ der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
No full textImpacts of agricultural expansion on the resource availability of forest-dependent Indigenous communities in the Dry Chaco
No full textAgricultural expansion into tropical and subtropical forests threatens forest-dependent communities by disrupting their access to vital resources. We explored these impacts for over 400 Indigenous communities in the Argentine Dry Chaco, a deforestation hotspot due to agricultural expansion. Using participatory mapping, we estimated resource collection footprints for plants and animals, and integrated these with deforestation data mapped from satellite images to show that by 2021, communities had lost on average 21% of their forests. An ecosystem services supply index revealed that 33% of communities saw 10–35% reductions in resource availability in 2001–2021. We also found substantial increase in access restrictions (42%), and communities had to travel over 10 km further to reach natural water sources. These findings highlight the severe consequences of agricultural expansion on Indigenous communities in the Chaco and likely many other dry forest regions, emphasizing the need for policies to prevent ecological marginalization of forest-dependent communities.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.HORIZON EUROPE European Research Councilhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100019180CONICETAlexander von Humboldt-Stiftunghttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005156Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1034)Peer Reviewe
The Development and Validation of a Questionnaire That Assesses Female Athletes’ and Coaches’ Knowledge of the Menstrual Cycle
No full textIn this study, a menstrual cycle knowledge questionnaire (MCKQ) for female athletes and coaches was developed and validated. Items for an initial questionnaire (Pre‐MCKQ) were generated from existing questionnaires and supplemented by three experienced gynaecologists. The 21‐item Pre‐MCKQ was piloted on a sample of 325 recreational female athletes, 27 female coaches and 19 male coaches. Each item's difficulty and item–total correlation scores were assessed, and the final MCKQ was reduced to 12 items. Eighteen experts rated the 12‐item MCKQ for relevance ( M = 5.4 and SD = 0.8) and clarity ( M = 5.4, SD = 1.0) using a 6‐point Likert scale. The 12‐item MCKQ was then completed by 562 elite female athletes and 170 coaches (55 female, 114 male and 1 other). Test–retest reliability was assessed with a separate cohort of sport science students ( n = 64). The mean difficulty index was 57%, and the mean item–total correlation was r = 0.36. Cronbach's alpha of 0.73 indicates that the questionnaire is reliable and test–retest reliability was strong. Knowledge test scores differed significantly among female athletes, female coaches and male coaches ( F (2,728) = 8.59, p < 0.01 and ηp 2 = 0.02, respectively), demonstrating construct validity. Additionally, participants who rated their knowledge of the menstrual cycle as higher scored significantly better than those with lower self‐ratings ( F (5,726) = 38.45, p < 0.01, ηp 2 = 0.21). In conclusion, the 12‐item MCKQ appears to be a valid and reliable tool to assess the menstrual cycle knowledge of female athletes and coaches.Key Points: This study developed and validated a 12‐item menstrual cycle knowledge questionnaire (MCKQ) for female athletes and coaches, focusing on physiological menstrual cycle processes, menstrual irregularities and related symptoms. The MCKQ shows reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.73), content validity (scale‐level content validity index = 97%), and construct validity, with significant differences in knowledge scores among female athletes, female coaches and male coaches, and between self‐rated knowledge levels. Test–retest reliability was also strong. Future research can use the MCKQ to evaluate the effectiveness of menstrual cycle educational programmes in sports contexts, enhancing menstrual health knowledge.Open Access Publishing Fund of Leipzig UniversityGerman Federal Ministry of the Interior and CommunitySoSci Survey GmbHPeer Reviewe
Shaping the future: principles for policy recommendations for responsible innovation in virtual worlds
No full textExtended Reality (XR) technologies are beginning to enter the mainstream and have the potential to change the way humans interact with computers on a global scale. As with all powerful tools, XR not only has the potential for enormous good, but also brings in a new set of challenges for policy to guide its innovation and development. This paper draws on a wide range of expertise from academia, research and development, and industry to collectively provide guiding principles for XR policy. The authors began discussions and developed a framework at a workshop at ACM SIGCHI 2024 and the ideas presented here are the result of debate, discussion, refinement, and offer next steps for the development of pervasive XR. We present three main principles for XR policy: Trust, Agency, and Inclusivity, along with a cross-cutting theme of Future-Proofing. Each principle is broken down and we offer example implementations. This paper aims to build upon previous work and efforts for fair and equitable XR for all, and further dialogue towards tangible changes in policy to help guide responsible innovation in virtual worlds.Peer Reviewe
Expressive equivalence of classical and quantum restricted Boltzmann machines
No full textThe development of generative models for quantum machine learning has faced challenges such as trainability and scalability. A notable example is the quantum restricted Boltzmann machine (QRBM), where non-commuting Hamiltonians make gradient evaluation computationally demanding, even on fault-tolerant devices. In this work, we propose a semi-quantum restricted Boltzmann machine (sqRBM), a model designed to overcome difficulties associated with QRBMs. The sqRBM Hamiltonian commutes in the visible subspace while remaining non-commuting in the hidden subspace, enabling us to derive closed-form expressions for output probabilities and gradients. Our analysis shows that, for learning a given distribution, a classical model requires three times more hidden units than an sqRBM. Numerical simulations with up to 100 units validate this prediction. With reduced resource demands, sqRBMs provide a feasible framework for early quantum generative models.EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020)100010661CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research)100012470Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal Ministry of Education and Research)501100002347Peer Reviewe
Symmetries of F-Cohomological Field Theories and F-Topological Recursion
No full textWe define F-topological recursion (F-TR) as a non-symmetric version of topological recursion, which associates a vector potential to some initial data. We describe the symmetries of the initial data for F-TR and show that, at the level of the vector potential, they include the F-Givental (non-linear) symmetries studied by Arsie, Buryak, Lorenzoni, and Rossi within the framework of F-manifolds. Additionally, we propose a spectral curve formulation of F-topological recursion. This allows us to extend the correspondence between semisimple cohomological field theories (CohFTs) and topological recursion, as established by Dunin-Barkowski, Orantin, Shadrin, and Spitz, to the F-world. In the absence of a full reconstruction theorem à la Teleman for F-CohFTs, this demonstrates that F-TR holds for the ancestor vector potential of a given F-CohFT if and only if it holds for some F-CohFT in its F-Givental orbit. We turn this into a useful statement by showing that the correlation functions of F-topological field theories (F-CohFTs of cohomological degree 0) are governed by F-TR. We apply these results to the extended 2-spin F-CohFT. Furthermore, we exhibit a large set of linear symmetries of F-CohFTs, which do not commute with the F-Givental action.Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürichhttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003006Berlin Mathematics Research Center MATH+http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100019239Peer Reviewe
Toward a thermodynamic stability order of the phosphorus allotropes
No full textIn this work, we investigate through quantum–mechanical calculations the relative stability of white-γ, white-β, fibrous red, violet, and orthorhombic black phosphorus allotropes, a longstanding yet challenging problem. We performed DFT-D3 calculations with the CRYSTAL code as well as periodic local second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (p-LMP2) calculations. DFT and Spin-Component Scaled p-LMP2 place violet phosphorus as the thermodynamically most stable allotrope both at 0 K and at 298 K, yet within a tiny margin from the black phosphorus. Pure p-LMP2 suggests that black phosphorus is the most stable, although its accuracy may be affected by the narrow band gap in this material.NextGenerationEU 10.13039/100031478Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca 10.13039/501100021856Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 10.13039/100017336Peer Reviewe
The role of FRUITFULL controlling cell cycle during early flower development revealed by time-series snRNA-seq experiments
No full textBackground: Starting from pools of undifferentiated cells, plants generate new organs postembryonically in response to external and endogenous signals. This requires a dynamic coordination of cell division with cellular growth and differentiation regulatory programs. However, little is known about how this coordination is achieved at the molecular level during flower development. Results: We used time-series single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) experiments of synchronized Arabidopsis thaliana flower developmental stages to characterize the transcriptome dynamics and the connections between cell cycle and developmental regulatory programs during early flower development. The results show a bifurcation between transcriptional trajectories corresponding to cell cycle progression and floral development. We identify the regulation of the cell cycle inhibitor KIP-RELATED PROTEIN 2 (KRP2) by FRUITFULL (FUL) as a key regulatory point on this bifurcation point and validate the importance of this regulation in vivo. Conclusions: Our work illustrates how time-series snRNA-seq experiments can be used to identify bifurcation points between regulatory programs and to identify candidate regulators on these bifurcations. In particular, we identify the regulation of KRP2 by FUL as an important regulatory point to balance cell division and developmental differentiation in plants.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, SpainBBSRCUKRI Frontier Research GrantDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschafthttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1034)Peer Reviewe
From social to intangible remittances: toward a comprehensive framework of remittances
No full textLevitt’s ground-breaking concept of social remittances has inspired many empirical studies in migration research, yet its theoretical underpinnings remain relatively underdeveloped. Most fundamentally, the interpretations of what social remittances are have multiplied, posing the risk of reducing the term to little more than a catchphrase. To address this issue, this paper undertakes a systematic review of various conceptualisations of social remittances. We identify four primary areas of divergence within the existing literature on social remittances: the scope of the concept, i.e. the delineation of its boundaries, the underlying process of how social remittances are acquired and transferred, the spatial dimension of these transfers, particularly their direction, and the classification of subtypes of social remittances. Taking this as our starting point, we propose advancing Levitt’s original concept towards what we will term intangible remittances. Our advanced concept accounts for the multidimensionality of intangible remittances and provides essential clarifications in terms of delineation and terminology. Additionally, we put forward a fine-grained typology of different subtypes of intangible remittances, categorising them based on their content (that might be economic, environmental, political, or socio-cultural) and form (knowledge, normative structures, or practices). In summary, we provide a comprehensive framework of intangible remittances that not only integrates other emerging concepts, such as political remittances but also seamlessly aligns with the broader superordinate concept of remittances.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.Leibniz-Institut für Agrarentwicklung in Transformationsökonomien (IAMO) (3460)Peer Reviewe