31325 research outputs found
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Gene complementation analysis indicates that parasitic dodder plants do not depend on the host FT protein for flowering
No full textThe article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.Peer Reviewe
من سيء إلى أسوأ؟ وضع اللاجئين السوريين في تركيا بعد زلازل شباط عام 2023
No full textIs translation of: https://doi.org/10.18452/28152 [English]Key points: (1) Social and economic disadvantages and poor living conditions of Syrians in Turkey prior to the earthquakes made them particularly vulnerable to the destructive force of the earthquakes. (2) Syrians have less social, financial and material resources to cope with the earthquake-related losses and damages, amplifying inequalities and vulnerabilities. (3) Rather than receiving the social and economic support that could help compensate for existing inequalities, some Syrians report experiences of discrimination and serious problems because of inadequate aid.Peer Reviewe
Qualitative switches in single-neuron spike dynamics on neuromorphic hardware: implementation, impact on network synchronization and relevance for plasticity
No full textMost efforts on spike-based learning on neuromorphic hardware focus on synaptic plasticity and do not yet exploit the potential of altering the spike-generating dynamics themselves. Biological neurons show distinct mechanisms of spike generation, which affect single-neuron and network computations. Such a variety of spiking mechanisms can only be mimicked on chips with more advanced, nonlinear single-neuron dynamics than the commonly implemented leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. Here, we demonstrate that neurons on the BrainScaleS-2 chip configured for exponential leaky integrate-and-fire dynamics can be tuned to undergo a qualitative switch in spike generation via a modulation of the reset voltage. This switch is accompanied by altered synchronization properties of neurons in a network and thereby captures a main characteristic of the unfolding of the saddle-node loop bifurcation—a qualitative transition that was recently demonstrated in biological neurons. Using this switch, cell-intrinsic properties alone provide a means to control whether small networks of all-to-all coupled neurons on the chip exhibit synchronized firing or splayed-out spiking patterns. We use an example from a central pattern generating circuit in the fruitfly to show that such dynamics can be induced and controlled on the chip. Our study thereby demonstrates the potential of neuromorphic chips with relatively complex and tunable single-neuron dynamics such as the BrainScaleS-2 chip, to generate computationally distinct single unit dynamics. We conclude with a discussion of the utility of versatile spike-generating mechanisms on neuromorphic chips.Peer Reviewe
Aus Indien nach Baden-Württemberg. Zur Anwerbung von Fachkräften
No full textIn dieser Zweitveröffentlichung wird ausschließlich der Artikel bereitgestellt; die im Heft enthaltenen Abbildungen wurden entfernt, da deren Nutzungsrechte ausschließlich für die Zeitschriftenausgabe von Bürger & Staat vorlagen.Immer mehr Arbeitskräfte aus Indien arbeiten in Deutschland. Hochqualifizierte Fachkräfte, aber auch Pflegekräfte und Auszubildende für das Handwerk werden in vielen Branchen gezielt angeworben. Dass diese
Arbeitsmarktzuwanderung eine Vorgeschichte in Anwerbeinitiativen in den 1960er und 1970er Jahren hat, zeigt Urmila Goel in ihrem Beitrag. Dabei analysiert sie anhand von mikrohistorischen Betrachtungen einzelner Vorhaben in Baden-Württemberg, unter welchen Bedingungen indische Pflegekräfte im deutschen
Arbeitsmarkt integriert wurden und wie sehr sie dabei systemischen Vorbehalten und rassifiziertem Umgang mit Behörden und Institutionen ausgesetzt waren. Die konfliktbehaftete Anwerbung und Integration
indischer Arbeitskräfte in dieser Zeit zeigt aber auch, dass die Wege und Bemühungen um eine langfristige Aufnahme und Einbindung indischer Arbeitnehmenden durchaus unterschiedlich verliefen und auch institutionell verschieden verhandelt wurden.Peer Reviewe
Socialist Sex Education and Its Transnational Entanglements: Monika Krause and the Effort to “Teach Tenderness” to the People
No full textThis article traces the transnational circulation of socialist reforms in the field of sex education through the work of Monika Krause, a citizen of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) who migrated to Cuba and became the “Cuban Queen of Condoms.” For Krause, the overarching goal of sex education was to “teach tenderness” to the people. The socialist state’s mission to prepare the population for love, marriage, partnership, and family in Cuba and the GDR involved using complex measures. This paper describes these, contextualizes them in transnational debates, and explains some of the internal reasoning behind their institutionalization. It also explains why looking at state-level efforts to “teach tenderness to the people” matters for a transnational history of sex education
Large Process Models: A Vision for Business Process Management in the Age of Generative AI
No full textThe continued success of Large Language Models (LLMs) and other generative artificial intelligence approaches highlights the advantages that large information corpora can have over rigidly defined symbolic models, but also serves as a proof-point of the challenges that purely statistics-based approaches have in terms of safety and trustworthiness. As a framework for contextualizing the potential, as well as the limitations of LLMs and other foundation model-based technologies, we propose the concept of a Large Process Model (LPM) that combines the correlation power of LLMs with the analytical precision and reliability of knowledge-based systems and automated reasoning approaches. LPMs are envisioned to directly utilize the wealth of process management experience that experts have accumulated, as well as process performance data of organizations with diverse characteristics, e.g., regarding size, region, or industry. In this vision, the proposed LPM would enable organizations to receive context-specific (tailored) process and other business models, analytical deep-dives, and improvement recommendations. As such, it would allow to substantially decrease the time and effort required for business transformation, while also allowing for deeper, more impactful, and more actionable insights than previously possible. We argue that implementing an LPM is feasible, but also highlight limitations and research challenges that need to be solved to implement particular aspects of the LPM vision.Peer Reviewe
Raffaele Riario, Jacopo Galli, and Michelangelo’s Bacchus, 1471–1572
No full textRaffaele Riario, Jacopo Galli, and Michelangelo’s Bacchus, 1471–1572 investigates the intersection of Cardinal Raffaele Riario, the merchant-banker Jacopo Galli, and the young Michelangelo in late fifteenth-century Rome. The narrative is framed by the rise and fall of Riario and the Galli in an arc spanning from 1471—the election of Pope Sixtus IV, which marked the beginning of the Riario family’s ascendancy—to 1572, the year the Galli sold Michelangelo’s Bacchus to the Medici in Florence. A thorough reassessment of their convergence sheds light on the careers of Riario and Galli as well as on Michelangelo’s Sleeping Cupid and Bacchus—two works long clouded by fundamental misperceptions. Chief among these are the belief that Michelangelo passed off his Sleeping Cupid to Riario as a “forgery”; the tradition, perpetuated by Ascanio Condivi’s 1553 Life of Michelangelo, that Galli rather than Riario commissioned the Bacchus; and the widespread presumption that Riario “rejected” the Bacchus. This study demonstrates instead that Michelangelo vigorously asserted his authorship of the Cupid. Michael Hirst’s discovery in 1981 of a payment record established Riario as the patron of the Bacchus; this book argues that the statue must be seen as a central product of Riario’s ambitious cultural program, and that no contemporary evidence supports the twentieth-century theory that the cardinal refused the work. To reassess Riario’s identity as a patron, the study considers the politics and intellectual milieu that shaped his choices, beginning with the impression made on him by Marsilio Ficino during their encounter in the lead-up to the Pazzi Conspiracy in Florence (1478). In Rome, armed with the powerful office of Camerlengo, Riario launched a long and ambitious career as a patron. Of particular significance was his collaboration with Galli to rebuild San Lorenzo in Damaso and to reshape the neighborhood around the church in the Rione Parione. The study examines this immense project as well as the opportunities it created for Galli, notably his consolidation of a complex of properties—traced through maps, photographs, and archival documents. Chapters on Riario’s patronage explore his sponsorship of humanism, preaching, and the arts. They reconsider his role as a sponsor of theatre and festival, especially in relation to his support of the Spanish Reconquista, his promotion of astrology and Kabbalistic studies, and the construction of his villa in Trastevere—all aimed at bolstering his own status and that of the fragile Riario dynasty. Set in this wider context, Michelangelo’s arrival in Rome and his work on the Sleeping Cupid and Bacchus take on new meaning. The reception of the Cupid in Rome and the commission of the Bacchus are reconsidered in detail, especially through the lens of Michelangelo’s first surviving letter, written in July 1496, in which he makes clear that he hoped to claim his own authorship of the Cupid when it was being deceptively sold as an antiquity by an unscrupulous dealer. The same letter describes Riario’s invitation to Michelangelo to view “certain figures” (no doubt, antiquities) and to do “something beautiful” in response. The resulting statue of the Bacchus (inspired in part by Antonio Federighi’s Sienese Bacchus) aimed to rival the antique and to assert the value of modern sculpture. The book also redefines Galli’s role, showing him as far more than a banker. He emerges as poet, antiquities collector, and patron who acted as mediator, facilitator, and guarantor of Michelangelo’s early commissions, embedding the artist in a world of antiquarianism and collecting. His logistical and supportive role extended to the Young Archer in Manhattan, the Pietà in St. Peter’s, an altarpiece for Sant’Agostino, the Piccolomini monument in Siena, and the Bruges Madonna. He also occupied a prominent place in the intellectual and artistic circles of Renaissance Rome, at the center of a vibrant cultural milieu as a close friend of Jacopo Sadoleto, Pietro Bembo, Jacopo Mazzocchi, and others. The final chapter considers the enduring presence of Michelangelo’s Young Archer and Bacchus in the Rione Parione, where they remained for more than sixty years, in the context of the lasting friendship between Michelangelo and Galli’s sons. A previously unknown commission from Michelangelo for a traveling altarpiece, requested by Galli’s sons for a journey to Bologna with Pope Julius II and Cardinal Riario, is also discussed. The book then traces the reception of the Bacchus in the house of the Galli, where artists and other viewers could study it alongside the family’s collection of antiquities. Its display changed dramatically after the Sack of Rome, when the Galli properties were devastated and invading troops attempted to loot the Bacchus—almost certainly the occasion when Michelangelo’s statue was broken at the right wrist. It was drawn by Maarten van Heemskerck in a damaged state, missing its hand, in the aftermath of the Sack—a poignant moment in the intertwined histories of the sculpture and the Galli family. The decline of the Galli family continued, leading to the gradual dispersal of their collections and the sale of the Bacchus in 1572. By moving beyond fixed interpretive frameworks and a long tradition of negative aesthetic judgments of the Bacchus, the study redefines the statue not as a failed experiment but as the outcome of a dense nexus of cultural, political, artistic, and economic interests. In so doing, it offers a reconsideration of Raffaele Riario’s patronage and Jacopo Galli’s identity, alongside a recontextualization of Michelangelo’s early career in Rome.Peer Reviewe
The Czech Constitutional Court Database
No full textThe article at hand introduces a comprehensive foundational database on the Czech Constitutional Court spanning from its inception in 1993 to 2023. The database includes metadata on all decisions, full-text corpus, and additional background data on judges and law clerks, filling a gap in high-quality datasets for empirical legal research in the Central and Eastern European regions. As one of the first comprehensive court databases in the CEE region, it has the potential to catalyze similar research efforts and contribute to methodologically rigorous empirical legal research in a region of increasing European significance
A Resource-Based Perspective
Get PDFGeschäftsprozesstechnologien unterstützen dabei, operative Tätigkeiten effizienter und effektiver durchzuführen. In einem sich dynamisch verändernden Umfeld wird es für Organisationen essenziell, diese Technologien gezielt einzusetzen, um durch schnelle Anpassung weiterhin wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben. Die derzeitige Forschung hat bisher keine Antwort darauf gefunden, wie Organisationen dies trotz ständig wechselnder Umfeldbedingungen und fortschreitender organisationaler Reife durch gezielte Ressourcenallokation erreichen können. Diese Dissertation adressiert diese Forschungslücke, indem untersucht wird, wie organisationale Fähigkeiten mithilfe von Geschäftsprozesstechnologien innerhalb dynamischer Umfelder ausgebildet und erneuert werden können.Business process technologies help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of day-to-day operations. Organizations face the challenge of leveraging these technologies to quickly adapt business processes accordingly to cope with different levels of environmental turbulence. From prior research, we know how organizations apply business process technologies and how they affect performance. We do not fully understand how organizations orchestrate related resources based on changing environmental conditions and evolving organizational maturity. This dissertation addresses this research problem and presents research on how to develop and renew organizational capabilities with business process technologies through turbulent environments