University of Arts in Belgrade
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Кустоске стратегије и институционалне политике у време климатских промена
No full textРад преиспитује почетке еколошког покрета и протокола изнедрених на конференцијама Уједињених нација у претходних педесет година, као и утицај тих обавезујућих одлука на начин на који се човечанство бори против климатских промена. Анализа указује да је тренитну еко-социјалну кризу немогуће превазићи без темељних системских промена у начину друштвене продукције и репродукције, јер је актуелни капиталистички модел заснован на исцрпљивању свих расположивих ресурса зарад остваривања профита. Теоријски оквири за критику економског модела који угрожава живот на планети, налазе се у марксистичкој критици фосилног капитализма заснованог на континуираном расту.
У другом делу рада поставља се питање улога институција културе, посебно музеја, чија педагошка улога и симболички капацитет може снажно да утиче на јавно мњење о питањима заштите животне средине. Зелене политике и праксе постају предмет анализа професионалних асоцијација које темељно преиспитују методологије рада и начина на који редефинишу улогу у поларизованом друштву, често окренутом императиву комерцијализације. У трећем делу рада у фокусу су нове кустоске стратегије које на ангажован и еколошки освешћен начин изналазе моделе рада на продукцији културних програма, водећи рачуна о угљеничком остиску сваког пројекта, и доприносе осмишљавању нових епистема за будуће, праведније друштво. У закључку, иако свесни свих инфраструктуралних проблема, посебно у локалном контексту, неопходно је да сфера културе преузме пионирску улогу у едукацији о опасности које доносе климатске промене. Зато, би било неопходно да све институције културе у оквиру својих капацитета треба да осмисле темељне „зелене стратегијеˮ, од свакодневних радних процеса, до програмске политике, који ће у сржи имати поштовање према животној средини
The Interplay of Social and Robotics Theories in AGI Alignment: Navigating the Digital city through Simulation-based Multi-Agent Systems
No full textThis study delves into the task of aligning Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) to societal and ethical norms by using theoretical frameworks derived from social science and robotics. The expansive adoption of AGI technologies magnifies the importance of aligning AGI with human values and ethical boundaries. This paper presents an innovative simulation-based approach, engaging autonomous ’digital citizens’ within a multi-agent system simulation in a virtual city environment. The virtual city serves as a platform to examine systematic interactions and decision-making, leveraging various theories, notably, Social Simulation Theory, Theory of Reasoned Action, Multi-Agent System Theory, and Situated Action Theory. The aim of establishing this digital landscape is to create a fluid platform that enables our AI agents to engage in interactions and enact independent decisions, thereby recreating life-like situations. The LLMs, embodying the personas in this digital city, operate as the leading agents demonstrating substantial levels of autonomy. Despite the promising advantages of this approach, limitations primarily lie in the unpredictability of real-world social structures. This work aims to promote a deeper understanding of AGI dynamics and contribute to its future development, prioritizing the
integration of diverse societal perspectives in the process
Krsta Cicvarić i beogradska "žuta štampa" u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji
No full textУ чланку се анализира појава „жуте штампе“ у Београду
између два светска рата, на примеру рада новинара Крсте Цицварића.
Кроз критичко разматрање најважнијих Цицварићевих текстова и
новина, а пре свега Београдског дневника и Балкана, изводи се закључак
о главним карактеристикама таблоидне штампе, њеном специфичном
стилу обраћања публици, те намери да се кроз протежирање јефтиног
сензационализма утиче на креирање јавног мњења у многим осетљивим
политичким питањима
Simboličke granice i borbe u polju književne proizvodnje u Srbiji danas
No full textPredmet ove disertacije predstavljaju procesi proizvodnje, održavanja i menjanja simboličkih granica u književnom polju u savremenoj Srbiji. Osnovni cilj istraživanja se odnosi na identifikaciju, opis i tumačenje različitih praksi i diskurzivnih strategija kojima se pisci i izdavači koriste kada nastoje da razgraniče književno polje od drugih segmenata društvenog prostora, kao i kada procenjuju druge aktere i sebe same u okviru polja. Istraživanje je inspirisano teorijom polja
Pjera Burdijea, koji je književna polja posmatra kao relativno autonomne prostore u kojem se akteri
među sobom takmiče kako bi stekli književno priznanje. Pomoćne teorijske oslonce predstavljaju
sociologija vrednovanja i ocenjivanja i postburdijeovski pristupi u sociologiji književnosti. Budući
da su u fokusu istraživanja strategije razgraničavanja i simboličke borbe koje su u osnovi
diskurzivne prirode, sprovedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje. Glavni izvor podataka predstavljaju
polustrukturisani intervjui sprovedeni sa piscima i izdavačima, a pomoćni izvor podataka
predstavljaju različiti tipovi dokumenata (npr. podaci o čitanosti, liste dobitnika nagrada, podaci o
godišnjoj proizvodnji, itd.) i novinski članici. Prikaz nalaza istraživanja počinje skicom stanja
izdavaštva i knjižarstva. Potom je ispitivano da li se danas polje možemo smatrati autonomnim
domenom i koje linije podele postoje unutar njega. Nalazi upućuju na prisustvo uverenja o važnosti
relativne autonomije polja, ali da se unutar polja vode borbe klasifikacija koje nisu nužno drugačije
od onih koje se vode u širem društvenom prostoru, budući da je za povlačenje granica u polju važan i niz neknjiževnih kriterijuma. Pored toga, diskutovano je i kao akteri tumače odnos između
nacionalnog polja, i regionalnog, odnosno, globalnog polja.The subject of this dissertation is the processes of production, maintenance, and
transformation of symbolic boundaries in the literary field in contemporary Serbia. The main
objective of the research is to identify, describe, and interpret various practices and discursive
strategies used by writers and publishers when attempting to distinguish the literary field from other
segments of the social space, as well as when evaluating other actors and themselves within the
field. The research is inspired by Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, in which literary fields are viewed
as relatively autonomous spaces where actors compete among themselves to gain literary prestige.
Supplementary theoretical frameworks include the sociology of valuation and evaluation (SVE), as
well as post-Bourdieuian approaches in the sociology of literature. Since the research focuses on
differentiation strategies and symbolic struggles that are fundamentally discursive in nature, a
qualitative research approach has been employed. The main source of data consists of semi structured interviews conducted with writers and publishers, while auxiliary data sources
encompass various types of documents (e.g. readership data, lists of award winners, annual
production data, etc.) and newspaper articles. The presentation of research findings begins with a
sketch of the publishing and bookselling landscape. Following that, the analysis is carried out to
determine whether the field can be considered an autonomous domain today and what lines of
division exist within it. The findings indicate the presence of beliefs concerning the importance of
the field's relative autonomy, while also highlighting classification struggles within the field that
may not significantly differ from those in the broader social space since drawing boundaries within
the field is influenced by a range of non-literary criteria. Furthermore, the interpretation of the
relationship between the national, regional, and global literary fields is also discussed
Dvije dogme kritike obrazovanja
No full textRad je posvećen statusu i perspektivama kritike u teoriji obrazovanja.
Detektirajući da je riječ ili o društvenoj kritici u kojoj se obrazovanje
pojavljuje kao zgodan krivac i investicijska moneta, ili o kritici
nevelikog zahvata koja korigira didaktičke strategije u unaprijed
zadanim okvirima, autor artikulira dva aksiomatska uvjerenja koja
onemogućavaju radikalnu kritiku obrazovanja u suvremenosti.
Prvo uvjerenje ili prva metodska dogma odnosi se na nužan a
neopravdan povlašteni epistemički položaj kritičara koji kritiku čini ili
neosnovanom ili, ukoliko je iole teorijski odgovorna, regenerira sistem
koji smjera potkopavati. Druga dogma odnosi se na uvjerenje da se
obrazovanjem treba postići nešto što nadilazi neposredni djelokrug
obrazovanja, nešto što njegova aktualna organizacija ne postiže, a što
se nikakvim drugim sredstvima navodno ne može postići. Zaključuje
se da ta normativna dimenzija koju društvo nameće obrazovanju može
ishodovati pogubnim učincima.The paper is devoted to the status and perspectives of critique in the theory of
education. Detecting that it is either a social criticism in which education appears
as a convenient culprit and an investment currency, or a criticism of a small scope
that corrects didactic strategies within predetermined frameworks, the author
articulates two axiomatic beliefs that prevent a radical critique of education in
modern times. The first belief or the first methodological dogma refers to the
necessary but unjustified privileged epistemic position of the critic, which makes
the critique either unfounded or, if it is at all theoretically responsible, regenerates
the system it aims to undermine. The second dogma refers to the preconceived
notion that education should achieve something that goes beyond the immediate
scope of education, something that its current organization does not achieve, and
which supposedly cannot be achieved by any other means. It is concluded that
this normative dimension that society imposes on education can have disastrous
effects
The One and Many: The influence of St Gregory Palamas
No full textThe paper explores Gregory Palamas’ interpretation of the relationship between the One and
the many. The objective of the essay is to delve into how Gregory Palamas adopted and
integrated ideas regarding hierarchy and the interplay between the One and the many from the
Neoplatonic tradition. Additionally, this essay seeks to contextualize Palamas’ ideas by
highlighting certain parallels with Stoic philosophy. Plećaš underscores that Palamas drew
profound inspiration from the works of Christian Neoplatonist Dionysius the Areopagite and
Maximus the Confessor. Plećaš argues that Dionysius, in his writings, recontextualized pagan
texts and authors like Plotinus and Proclus within a Christian framework, substituting ‘the One’
for God and the angelic hierarchy for the pagan pantheon. The legacy of Dionysius and his
philosophical and theological concepts were further developed by Maximus the Confessor,
who incorporated certain Neoplatonic ideas into his own perspective. The Byzantine Christian
intellectual tradition, which encompasses these ideas, found its way into the writings of
Palamas, where it was both integrated and explored. On the basis of this tradition, Gregory
Palamas asserted that while it is beyond human capacity to grasp the essence or substance of
God, individuals can attain an experiential connection with God’s manifestations or energies
through the practice of silent or hesychastic prayer and focused mental contemplation.
Furthermore, Plećaš argues that Palamas drew a clear differentiation between the transcendent
essence of God and the lower deity, and that Palamas’ utilization of the term θέοτης bears a
resemblance to the metaphysical principle articulated by Proclus. In simpler terms, the
hierarchical levels within the structure of beings are determined by their inherent essence.
Palamas had a substantial influence on a range of theologians and scholars in the Balkans
during the 14th and 15th centuries, who came to be known as Palamites. Plećaš provides a more
detailed exploration of this phenomenon in the essay
Equal Bodies: The Notion of the Precarious in Judith Butler's Work
No full textThe aim of the article is to offer a reading of Judith Butler’s understanding of the
precarious, the notion which gives rise to her particular understanding of precarity.
The first part of the article discusses the transition from the theory of performativity
to the theory of precarity and claims that the body provides the link between a
performative act and a precarious life. The second part scrutinizes the idea of the
precarious as it appears in conjunction with life. Precariousness and precarity are
related to dispossessability and dispossession, and to a politically induced inequality.
The article concludes with a claim that the notion of the precarious offers itself as a
possible point of departure for an entirely different conceptualization of equality, and
as a strong basis for coalitional action or collective struggle. The specific positioning
of the body and the political desire for radical equality in Butler’s thought makes
theories of performativity and precarity interrelate
Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech
No full textIn many parts of the world, journalists work in increasingly hostile environments. To better understand the characteristics and implications of hostility against the press in a hybrid regime, this study explores how journalists in Serbia perceive and experience anti-press hate speech. Based on 20 interviews with diverse reporters, we describe hate speech against journalists as an ad hominem attack triggered by the very nature of journalistic conduct. We discuss two identified mechanisms of hate speech propagation. The first, machinery of hate speech, refers to orchestrated attacks on independent journalists by ruling party officials, pro-government news outlets, and troll armies. In contrast, the lone-wolf-haters mechanism refers to authentic and sporadic expressions of hate by extreme partisan audiences to which all journalists are susceptible, regardless of their affiliation. Describing their personal experiences, the participants report various responses to encountering hate speech, ranging from immediate emotions to less immediate psychological reactions to physical health problems. To prevent hateful acts from interfering with their journalistic performance, they rely on a variety of coping strategies and mechanisms, including psychological and professional strategies, as well as social and institutional support
Medea: Greek myth and peculiar identity
No full textThis paper will primarily focus on the philosophical depictions of Medea’s character and actions. The following identities will be examined: gender (which roles defined a woman in antiquity and are these definitions still relevant today), political (what does it mean to be a foreigner and not belong to a particular political community), and psychological (do passions inevitably lead to a split in the psyche or, on the contrary, constitute it). These will serve as frames that outline Medea’s exceptional (in)humanness in the Greco-Roman society
Learning the language of social environment: the case of Hungarian in Vojvodina (Serbia)
No full textThis article explores Yugoslav education policy in Vojvodina (Serbia), one of the most multilingual regions of the country, which was implemented in the period between the 1960s and 1980s through the school subject the ‘Language of social environment’ (LSE). Based on archival and field research, this case study is devoted to the school subject Hungarian as LSE intended for students whose L1 was Serbo-Croatian. The article addresses the discourses of policy makers who advocated for the introduction of LSE and how former students and teachers remember the school subject, which was abolished in the 1990s. The analysis shows that LSE was based on the values of societal multilingualism for all members of society and in line with a ‘language-as-resource’ orientation to language planning and policy, both as an etic concept at top-down policy level and as an emic concept at local level where nostalgic memories and bottom-up initiatives for its reintroduction emerged