University of Arts in Belgrade
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Social Turn and Operative Realism: Two Emancipatory Methods of Contemporary Art Practices
No full textThe paper is a result of the research that focuses on two occurrences in contemporary art – the social turn, described by Claire Bishop and operative realism, defined by Nicolas Bourriaud. As the research puts a special focus on educational and emancipatory aspects of contemporary art, it depicts, as study cases, two recent installations by contemporary female artists Teresa Margolles and Vahida Ramujkić, where the author notices the presence of both the social turn and operative realism. In the introductory part of the paper, the author defines the applied research methodology and gives more information about the artistic practices of the selected two artists. The next chapter presents educational aspects of contemporary art practices and arts-based research, following the arguments and studies by William Condee, Graeme Sullivan, Danielle Boutet, Beatriz da Costa, Kavita Philip and others. In the central part of the paper, the author gives a descriptive analysis of the two selected installations, emphasising their relational, emancipatory, and educational aspects, and further concluding that the social turn and operative realism are educational and emancipatory precisely because they initiate dialogue, association, empathy and connection between different communities and individuals
Arhiv kao mesto desubjektivacije sećanja: medicinska fotografija između privatnog i javnog
No full textRad razmatra mogućnosti, ograničenja, i potencijal obrazovanja digitalnog vizuelnog arhiva medicinskih fotografija i video snimaka. Zbirka ujedno predstavlja istorijski dokument, dijagnostički i edukativni alat, bogat naučni, teorijski i umetnički materijal, ali i komunikaciju između pacijenata, lekara i medicinskog osoblja, koja se odvija isključivo samim procesom arhiviranja. Osnovna hipoteza rada je da, naspram subjektivnosti i privatnosti, arhivski angažman može da predstavlja preobražajnu aktivnost desubjektivacije sećanja, čime ista iz individualne prelaze u kolektivnu i kulturnu sferu. Kao ključno pitanje teorijske analize, kroz rad se razmatra mesto fotografije u diskursu medicine i njena uloga spram ovako opisanog projekta. Rad čini pokušaj teorijskog promišljanja broja važnijih pitanja koja se otvaraju kada se razmišlja o upotrebi fotografije u medicini i njenog potencijala kao dela upotrebljive arhivske građe. Na ovaj način se medicinsko znanje ili bar neke relevantne informacije vizualizuju zarad mogućnosti komunikacije, pri čemu dolazi do promene mesta pacijenta unutar medicinskog diskursa. Nije reč o tome da pacijenti na ovaj način postaju govorni subjekti medicinskog diskursa, već da prestaju da budu isključivo njegovi objekti. Oni su, na ovaj način, istovremeno subjekti pogleda na medicinu, čime se otvara mogućnost njenog bližeg razumevanja.The paper discusses the possibilities, limitations, and potential of creating a digital visual archive of medical photographs and videos. At the same time, the collection would represents a historical document, diagnostic and educational tool, rich scientific, theoretical and artistic material, but also a form of communication between patients, doctors and medical staff, which takes place entirely through the archiving process. The paper’s basic hypothesis is that, in contrast to subjectivity and privacy, archival engagement can represent a transformative activity of de-subjectivation of memory, whereby it passes from the individual to the collective and cultural sphere. As a key issue of theoretical analysis, the paper discusses the place of photography in the discourse of medicine and its role in relation to this type of project. It is an attempt to theoretically reflect on a number of important issues that arise when considering the use of photography in medicine and its potential as part of usable archival material. In this way, medical knowledge or at least some relevant information is visualized for the sake of communication possibilities, whereby the place of the patient within the medical discourse changes. It is not a way for patients to become speaking subjects of medical discourse, but to cease to be exclusively its objects. In this way, they are at the same time the subjects of the view on medicine, which opens the possibility of its closer understanding
In defense of integrative violence: How can philosophical practice augment organic social control?
No full textThe paper explores the relationship between organic and institutional forms of social control from a potential contribution by philosophical practice to understanding social sanctions. The argumentation begins from the point of empirical fact that laws and constitutions
of various countries define the purpose of punishment in a utilitarian light in their preambles. This operational-utilitarian character of institutional social control is similar to the
utilitarian nature of philosophical consulting as practice. When control, which presupposes
a form of violence, is viewed in a broader understanding of the notion of violence, space
opens for a discussion on a challenging and controversial question about whether or not
can violence be integrative either in the sense of integrating values or in the sense of confirming someone’s social status after a transgression, and to what a larger degree than by
institutionalised and from an individual conceptually relatively distant forms of sanction
Socrates and Epictetus vs. the First and the Second Generation of Sophists
No full textU radu se ispituje razlika između filozofije i sofistike. Preciznije, raspravlja se o onome što razlikuje Sokrata od sofista svoga vremena te o onome što razlikuje Epikteta od sofista uopće. Dok su sofisti bili prvi profesionalni učitelji, Epiktet slovi za jednog od najvećih učitelja (stoičke) filozofije ikada, a Sokrat je, sudeći po Platonovim riječima, poricao da je uopće bio učitelj, unatoč velikom broju onih koji su smatrali suprotno. Nadaleko poznati po svojim besjedama, sofisti su ponajviše privlačili one koji su željeli biti uspješni političari. Sokrat i Epiktet također su bili izvrsni govornici koje su okruživali političari Atene, odnosno Rima. Ipak, to ih nije činilo sofistima. Ono čemu i Sokrat i Epiktet teže život je u skladu s vrlinom, tj. život u skladu s razumom i filozofijom. Retorika ima instrumentalnu vrijednost i njome se netko može potaknuti na bavljenje filozofijom, ali ona nije dobro po sebi.The paper discusses the difference between philosophy and sophistry. More precisely, it discusses the differences between Socrates and Sophists of the first generation, as well as the differences between Epictetus and Sophists of both first and second generation. While Sophists were the first professional teachers and Epictetus one of the greatest Stoic teachers of all times, Socrates, according to Plato, denied being a teacher by any means, despite many who thought otherwise. Sophists were known for their speeches that most attracted those with a wish to be successful politicians. Socrates and Epictetus were also excellent orators surrounded by Athenian and Roman politicians. However, that didn’t make them Sophists. Socrates and Epictetus opted for a life in accordance with excellence (virtue) that could be achieved by philosophy rather than rhetoric. Rhetoric could only have instrumental value, not an intrinsic one
Negation and emancipation: the ‘scientific-technological’ politics of Karl Popper
No full textУ овом раду излаже се и анализира друштвена и политичка мисао Карла Попера. С почетка се налази да је одредбено својство онога што Попер види као успешан метод пре свега природних наука известан „окрет ка негативности”, оријентисање сазнања и његовог раста не на решење, него на проблем, не на тачност, него на грешку, не на доказивање него на оповргавање. Други део рада посвећен је учинцима тог окрета када се примени на друштвене науке. Посебна пажња посвећена је друштвеној корак по корак технологији или постепеном друштвеном
инжењерингу, као брани утопијским пројектима историцизма и као одмереном, на проверљивим и исправљивим експериментима заснованом, ангажовању на унапређењу људских прилика. Такав приступ јамчи могућност учења на грешкама – у политичким делатностима једнако као у наукама – могућност да се оне исправе а циљеви модификују, као и лакшу друштвену сагласност око оних најизраженијих зала чијем уклањању ваља најхитније приступити. Питању у коју политичку групацију се таква концепција може сврстати, као и примедбама које јој
се могу упутити, посвећен је завршни део рада. Закључује се да Поперова „научна”, на детекцију и негирање зла и грешке ослоњена визија друштвене еманципације представља трајну опомену свим спасоносним пројектима и пројекцијама.This paper presents and analyzes the social and political thought of Karl Popper. But since this thought may be unique in that it transmits or applies insights from another field in which Popper gained an enviable reputation – from the philosophy of science and the theory of knowledge to the field of social theory and practice – it is necessary to point out some main characteristics of his epistemology. It is found that the defining property of what Popper sees as a successful method, primarily of the natural sciences, is a certain “turn towards negativity”, the orientation of knowledge and its growth not to a solution, but to a problem, not to accuracy, but to error, not to proof, but to refutation. The second part of the paper is devoted to the effects of that turn when applied to the social sciences. Special attention is paid to step-by-step social technology or piecemeal social engineering, as a defence against utopian projects of historicism and as a measured, verifiable and correctable experiment-based engagement in improving human conditions. But if such a reorientation applies to Popper’s installation of the social sciences as “empirical” and “technological” dealings with social institutions, it should
apply even more to direct political practice. Popper believes that politicians, as well as sociologists or ethicists, should focus on alleviating or eliminating evil and suffering, abandon the search for the ideal good and, in particular, the implementation of their visions of the “life-world”. Such an approach guarantees the “scientific”
possibility of learning from mistakes, the possibility of correcting them and modifying the goals, as well as easier social agreement about the most pronounced evils, the elimination of which should be approached as a matter of urgency. The final part of the paper is dedicated to the question of which political group such a conception can be classified into, as well as to the remarks that can be addressed to it. “Broadly understood liberalism” allows libertarians as well as socialists and conservatives to fight for Popper’s legacy – always with
some reservations and aberration. His unified visi on of science and politics according to the principle of “falsificationism” and according to the model of “critical rationalism”, apart from the external remark that it does not belong as a whole to any camp, can be addressed with a loyal remark that it is not “negative” enough, that presuppose the consistency of theory to real social antagonism, in this was precisely falsifying reality, as well as the remark that, by (over)emphasizing the dangers of “utopianism”, it overlooks its own, if not utopian, then at least emancipatory content. It is concluded that Popper’s ‘scientific’ vision of social emancipation, based on the detection and denial of evil and error, may not be (more) sufficient, but it certainly represents a
permanent warning to all salvational projects and projections
Visiting Auntie Ilonka: Virtual Homecoming to a Vojvodina Hungarian Village
No full textThe presentation discusses Rokon Ilonka Copyright and University of Botelott, two Facebook pages, popular among Hungarians from Vojvodina (Serbia). The two pages post memes on the topics of everyday life in Vojvodina and use a local dialect of Hungarian that is commonly regarded as uneducated and “peasant”. Through an analysis of the posted memes and the comments to them in the two pages, interviews with their authors, as well as the answers of the followers of the University of Botelott page, I explore the main themes in the current Vojvodina Hungarian community. In the past decade, a large number of Vojvodina Hungarians emigrated to Western Europe. This has made the community increasingly diasporic, and together with economic and ecological disadvantages, the emigration created a negative (self-)vision of the community. In the presentation I show that using a sub-standard and stigmatized dialect as a way of speaking mastered only by the members of the community transforms belonging to it into a positive experience. Second, I argue that the topics of everyday life in Vojvodina imbued with humor and nostalgia maintain the community regardless of the place of residence. The topics of the memes and comments, the language use, the humor and the nostalgia therefore construct an affirmative minority and/or diaspora identity of the followers of the page.Konferenciju je organizovao Sapientia mađarski univerzitet un Transilvaniji, Mjerkurea-Čuk, Rumunij
Istorijskim mišljenjem do razumevanja prošlosti i savremenosti
No full textKnjiga „Istorijskim mišljenjem do razumevanja prošlosti i sadašnjosti“, posthumno se objavljuje kao zaokruženo delo koje na najbolji način reprezentuje prof. Ranka Končara i njegov naučni i društveno angažovani doprinos. U knjizi se nalaze najznačajniji radovi Ranka Končara o teorijskim problemima istorijske nauke, istraživački radovi iz jugoslovenske istorije, iz istorije Vojvodine i njene autonomije, kao i tekstovi kojima se tematizuju problemi identiteta i istorijskog trajanja Vojvodine i njene autonomije. U knjizi su i ključni radovi Ranka Končara o jugoslovenskom antifašizmu i problematici istorijskog revizionizma. Poslednji deo knjige su najzapaženiji javni istupi i angažovani tekstovi prof. dr Ranka Končara
