International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences
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The Role of Anticipation of Anxiety and Emotion Regulation among Adolescents with Internet Addiction
Get PDFIntroduction: Internet addiction among adolescents is a growing problem in every society. The present study aimed to investigate the role of anticipation of anxiety and emotion regulation in Internet addiction among adolescents. Methods: 263 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 (121 boys, 142 girls) were selected using available sampling method and participated in this study. The participants completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Young Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (CERQ). Pearson correlation and stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant positive correlation between maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety with Internet addiction. There was a significant negative correlation between adaptive emotion regulation strategies and Internet addiction (P<0.01). Based on the results of regression analysis, Two variables of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and anxiety explained 38% of the variance for Internet addiction (p<0.01). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that it is necessary to emphasize the role of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety in designing interventions for the prevention and treatment of Internet addiction in adolescents. Declaration of Interest: None
Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Death Attitude Profile
Get PDFIntroduction: The type of human attitude toward death, as an unavoidable event, can affect the human approach to the themes of the worldly life and the afterlife. This study aimed to identify the factor structure of Persian version of Death Attitude Profile. Methods: In this descriptive survey research, 444 students of Jamia al-Zahra Seminary and Khomein Azad University, were selected by convenient sampling method. They responded to Persian version of the Death Attitude Profile. Results: Analysis of the findings indicated the Persian version of this profile, while deleting some items, supports the same 5-factor structure of the original form. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.79 in the research sample. Conclusion: The obtained psychometric properties indicated the validity and reliability of this scale in Iranian society. Therefore, It can be used to measure the attitudinal properties of individuals to death. Declaration of Interest: None
Personality Subtypes and Attachment Styles in Women Survivors of Breast and Gynecologic Cancer
Get PDFIntroduction: Gynecologic and breast cancers are among the types of cancer that are still highly prevalent with high rates of mortality due to lack of early diagnosis. However, these two types of cancer can be controlled by screening programs and the individual can be survived. Also, both cancers have gained the attention of mental health specialists because of impairing sexual function and issues related to body image, and fertility status among affected individuals in which, have direct effects on their adjustment and quality of life. Consequently, the aim of the current research is identify of personality subtypes and attachment styles in women who have survived from breast and gynecologic cancers.Methods: The current study is a qualitative. The participants were selected through purposive sampling method, which continued until data saturation from January to March 2018. For the data collection, the Shedler-Western Assessment Procedure (SWAP) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), and for the data analysis Q-Sort scaling and comparative content analysis were used.Results: The study’s findings showed that high-functioning depressive traits and dissociation were high. However, 9 of the participants had psychological health. Also, secure attachment and preoccupied attachment patterns were the most frequent ones.Conclusion: These findings can provide clinical implications for mental variables that are involved in the remission process or the advancement of the disease in women with breast and gynecologic cancer.Declaration of Interest: Non
Mediating Role of Illness Perception and Coping Strategies among individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Get PDFIntroduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease of gastrointestinal system, which effects various aspects of the individuals' life. A vast majority of individuals with IBD suffered from depression symptoms compared to general population. This endeavor was designed to examine goodness of fit of an explaining structural model of depression on the basis of type D personality and mediating role of illness perception and coping strategies.Method: In a correlational study 268 IBD Patients were selected by Purposive Sampling method from Clinic of the Liver and Digestive Research Center of Qom province and they completed the BDI-PC depression scale, Coping Strategies Questionnaire, Illness perception Questionnaire, and type D Personality scale. Data were analyzed by Lisrel software using the structural equation modeling.Results: As regard of predictive role of negative affectivity (18.49%), illness perception (mediated by emotion-focused coping 3.8% and by problem-focused one 2.1%), and emotion (7.84%) and problem solving focused (10.24%) coping strategies on depression significantly, an acceptable goodness of fit was indicated for a structural model containing NA (negative affectivity) as exogenous variable, emotion and problem solving focused copings as mediating variable and depression as a endogenous variable.Conclusion: These findings support mediating role of illness perception and coping strategies between type D personality and depression in IBD PatientsDeclaration of Interest: Non
The Role of Mediator of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Perceived Stress in People with High Blood Pressure
Get PDFIntroduction: High blood pressure is one of the chronic medical conditions in the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the relationship between mindfulness and perceived stress in patients with high blood pressure.Methods: A total of 216 high blood pressure patients who referred to medical centers in Tehran in 2018 were selected by available sampling method and participated in this study. Participants in the study completed The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and The Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). For data analysis, Pearson correlation and path analysis were used. AMOS 22.0 was used to examine the fitness of the proposed model and path analysis.Results: The results of this study showed that there is a significant negative correlation between the adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness with perceived stress and positive correlation between the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies with perceived stress (P <0.01). The results of path analysis indicated that the indirect effect of mindfulness on perceived stress was statistically significant through adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (0.09) and maladaptive cognitive-emotional regulation strategies (0.11), respectively (p <0.01).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the variables of mindfulness and adaptive cognitive-emotion regulation strategies contribute to the reduction of stress in people with hypertension, which in turn leads to prevention and control of blood pressure. It is necessary to consider these factors in health-related interventions related to blood pressure control
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-focused Therapy on Negative Emotions of Coronary Heart Disease
Get PDFIntroduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most important cause of mortality in the world. In addition to physical problems, they are also influenced by psychological factors and psychological therapies along with biological therapy can help to improve these patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy on negative emotions of coronary heart disease patients.Method: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the study included patients with coronary heart disease in the city of Karaj The age range was 30 to 60 yearswho referred to Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Karaj. Samples were selected using available sampling method and then the samples were randomly divided into two experimental and one control group. Data were collected using D-type personality scale and Buss and Perry hostility scale.Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance using SPSS-25 software.Results: The results of this study showed that patients' negative emotion scale scores decreased, indicating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and emotion-focused therapy compared to the control group. Conclusion: Considering that one of the most important psychological factors related to heart disease are negative emotions and these emotions can have an accelerating role in the development and progression of heart disease and Due to the effectiveness of the above treatments, their education can be helpful in addition to medical treatment
Structural Equations Modeling of the Relationship between Virtual Addictions, Attachment Styles, and Demographic Variables with Pubbing
Get PDFIntroduction: Pubbing is an emerging concept in the pathological literature and is a communicational phenomenon and refers to the disorder of smartphone dependency. Despite the importance relationship between pubbing and Internet addiction, gaming, social media, and psychological indices such as attachment styles, this issue has not been evaluated in Iranian society to date. This study was conducted aimed to model the structural equations of the relationship between virtual addiction, attachment styles and demographic variables with the phenomenon of pubbing. Methods: This study was conducted in the form of a descriptive correlational design based on structural equation modeling. For this purpose, 356 individuals were selected by stratified random sampling from men and women of Qom city during April to August 2019 and entered the research process after obtaining entry criteria and informed consent. Seven scales of pubbing, Internet Addiction, Game Addiction, Social Media Addiction, Mobile phone Addiction, Texting Addiction, and Attachment Styles Questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: The results showed that the tested model has a good fit. The direct effect of mobile phone addiction (0.50), SMS addiction (0.18) and attachment (0.50) on pubbing was positive and significant at level of 0.01. Also, the indirect effect of game addiction and texting addiction was significant on pubbing at level of 0.01. It also explained 76% of the variance of pubbing for game addiction, texting addiction and attachment. However, the indirect effects of the addiction variables on pubbing through age variable were not significant. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be useful in planning the advancement horizons in prevention and management of pubbing phenomena and could have clinical applications. Declaration of Interest: None
Effectiveness of Transdiagnostic Treatment on Health Locus of Control and Emotional Regulation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Get PDFIntroduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the main death causes in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the psychological disorders in these patients and to apply the necessary interventions to reduce them. The purpose of the present research was to examine the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on health locus of control and emotional regulation in patients with CHD.Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental one with the plan of pretest posttest control group. The statistical population included all patients with coronary heart disease 40-65 years old who were treated in Kasra hospital of Tehran in 2019. The sample included 90 patients assigned to the two groups experimental and control group randomly. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale and Emotional Regulation Scale. The data were analyzed using the methods of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).Results: The result showed that the transdiagnostic therapy significantly increases the internal health locus of control and emotional regulation in the experimental group (p<0.01).Discussion: This finding has important implications as regards the education and mental health of patients with coronary heart disease. Based on the results, it is necessary to pay more attention to two variables health locus of control and emotional regulation in the design of interventions to reduce the psychological problems, patients with CHD.Declaration of Interest: None
The Impact of Lived-Experience Based Therapy and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on Body Mass Index and Self-Esteem among Obese Women
Get PDFIntroduction: Culturally sensitive psychological intervention among individuals with obesity has gained major attention among experts in psychological fields. The current study was to examine and compare the impact of the Lived–Experienced Based Therapy (LEBT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on BMI and self-esteem among Iranian obese women in Esfahan City, Iran. Method: The study used quasi-experimental method with pre-test, post-test and 3-month follow-up. The study population consisted of all females with BMI above 30, in Esfahan. Overall, 45 women (M= 34.11, SD= 5.60) were purposefully selected and randomly divided into three study groups. The sample was selected using online and display ads. Both treatment groups received 8 sessions of specific interventions from April to June 2018, while the control group did not receive any therapies. Data were collected using the global formula calculating BMI and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965) and analyzed by SPSS-21 software. The ANCOVA and repeated measure ANOVA (i.e., Bonferroni test analysis) were used to compare three groups at three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Results: The results showed that BMI and self-esteem in both experiment groups were significantly improved at both post-test and follow-up, compared to the pre-test and control group (p<.001). However, there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of CBT and LEBT in both stages of post-test and follow-up. Conclusion: Both psychological therapies are effective to address low self-esteem and high BMI of obese women.Declaration of Interest: Non
The Effect of Premarital Life Skills Training on Couples’ Quality of Life
Get PDFIntroduction: Life skills are the skills, knowledge, and behaviors that are learned to fulfill happiness and aim individuals to succeed in life. The impact of life skills training on quality of life in recent years has always been one of the issues under study in psychiatrists worldwide. The present study investigated the effect of life skills training on quality of life among young couples in Tehran, Iran. Method: The study population consisted of all couples who referred to Ahmadi Health Center during the second 6 months of the year 94. The sample consisted of 60 (30 couples) who were selected by convenience sampling and simple random sampling method. The experimental and control groups were replaced. Before running the independent variable (X), the subjects in both groups were measured by pre-test. Then the independent variable (life skills training) was applied to the experimental group and again the quality of life questionnaire was administered to the test and control subjects. The data were analyzed using MANCOVA test by means of SPSS 22 software. Results: The findings showed that the changes after the life skills training in the experimental group were significant and life skills training had an impact on the quality of life of young couples on the verge of marriage; in other words, the quality of life compared to pre-education significantly had. Conclusion: Life skills training found to be an important factor in improving the quality of people's life, so it is necessary for the authorities to provide the context for these trainings so that these changes have a powerful and long lasting impact