4473 research outputs found
Sort by
Effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems on Sustainability of Water Supply and Sanitation in Tanzania: The Case of Babati Water Supply and Sanitation Authority in Simanjiro District.
No full textThis study examined the Effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems on Sustainability of Water Supply and Sanitation in Tanzania: The Case of Babati Water Supply and Sanitation Authority in Simanjiro District. The research focused on three key objectives: analyzing the effectiveness of monitoring mechanisms, assessing the impact of evaluation frameworks on decision-making and service improvements, and evaluating the role of stakeholder involvement in promoting transparency and accountability within M&E processes. Employing a descriptive research design and a quantitative approach, data were collected from 133 respondents using structured questionnaires. Analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and regression, facilitated by SPSS software. The findings revealed that BAWASA’s monitoring mechanisms are generally effective in ensuring timely detection and resolution of service issues, while evaluation frameworks significantly contribute to informed decision-making and continuous improvement. Stakeholder involvement was found to enhance transparency and accountability, though challenges in engagement and capacity were noted. The study concludes that an integrated M&E system combining robust technical tools with participatory governance is essential for sustaining water and sanitation services. Recommendations include capacity building, enhanced stakeholder collaboration, and policy support to strengthen M&E practices. The study contributes valuable insights for policymakers and water utilities aiming to improve service sustainability in resource-constrained settings.
Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Water Supply Sustainability, Stakeholder Involvement, Decision-Making
Assessment of Barriers Hindering Implementation of Fire Safety Practices in Selected Secondary Schools at Kinondoni Municipal.
No full textThis study has been conducted to assess barriers hindering implementation of fire safety programs in selected secondary schools at Kinondoni municipal. The study focused on the influence of knowledge in implementation of fire safety programs, the contribution of resources availability in implementation of fire safety programs, the influence of leadership in fire safety programs. The study used knowledge-based theory and resources-based theory and adopted a research methodology which combined both quantitative and qualitative approach. It also used purposive sampling and 8 schools were selected to take place in the study. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Findings of the study revealed that majority of the schools examined did not have enough knowledge concerning fire safety programs; furthermore, they had limited resources committed to fire safety programs and finally the commitment of the leadership to fire safety programs was also at a lower level. The study concluded that the lack of knowledge, inadequate resources, and lack of committed leadership hinder the implementation of fire safety programs in secondary schools. The study recommends that the government and school owners should acquire enough knowledge, commit more resources and use effective leadership to implement fire safety programs in secondary schools in Kinondoni Municipality.
Keywords: Fire Safety, Implementation Barriers, Secondary Schools
Improved Youth Livelihood through Furniture Making for Ulipo Tupo Group at Segerea Ward, Ilala District.
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the livelihood opportunities for young men in Segerea Ward, specifically within the Ulipo Tupo group, with a particular focus on the potential of furniture making as a viable income-generating activity. The primary objectives were to identify the key challenges faced by youth related to unemployment and limited income opportunities, assess the demand for furniture, explore potential market opportunities, and determine the existing skills gap in furniture making along with associated vocational training needs. A mixed-methods research design, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches, was adopted for the study, utilizing surveys, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The findings revealed high unemployment rates among young men, limited demand for locally made furniture, and a significant skills gap in furniture making, while participants expressed a strong interest in acquiring vocational training in this field. The study concluded that addressing the skills gap through targeted training programs and improving access to market opportunities for youth would significantly improve their livelihood prospects. The study recommends establishing vocational training centers focused on furniture making, fostering partnerships with local businesses for market access, and enhancing community involvement in youth empowerment initiatives to effectively tackle unemployment and skill shortages. Additionally, further efforts should be directed toward promoting the furniture-making industry to increase demand and ensure the long-term success of youth employment initiatives in Segerea Ward.
Keyword: Livelihood, Furniture, Youth, Unemployment, Incom
Governance Factors Influencing Foreign Direct Investment Inflow In Tanzania: Case Study Iringa Region In Tanzania.
No full textThis study examined governance factors influencing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows in Tanzania, Iringa Region as a case study. The study focused on three key factors namely policy environment, stable security and transformational leadership. While these factors are widely acknowledged as crucial for attracting FDI, Iringa has consistently underperformed compared to other Tanzanian regions, such as Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Mwanza, in securing substantial foreign investments inlows (Government of Tanzania, 2021). The research problem arises from the lack of empirical studies that assess the specific influence of these factors on FDI inflows in Iringa, despite the availability of the region’s untapped investment potential. The study aimed to bridge this gap by evaluating how these determinants influence FDI inflows, offering a deeper understanding of the regional dynamics that shape investor decisions. The study employed Securitization Theory, Transformational Leadership Theory and Policy Feedback Theory. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing a stratified random sampling technique to select a sample of 153 respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires to gather insights on the policy environment, security, leadership and their perceived impact on investment decisions. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that statistically there is a significant and positive relationship between Transformational Leadership (TL) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), with a correlation coefficient of (r = .383, p < 0.05), suggesting that visionary, inspiring, and proactive leadership positively influences FDI inflows. Descriptive data supports this, with 57.0% of respondents affirming the positive role of TL in attracting FDI. Stable Security (SS) plays a vital role in enhancing investor confidence with (r = .424, p < 0.05). A secure environment was also acknowledged by 53.1% of respondents as crucial to attracting foreign investments. Furthermore, the Policy Environment (PE) demonstrated the strongest relationship with (r = .509, p < 0.05). This was echoed by 64.9% of respondents who recognized the importance of a favorable policy environment in driving FDI. These findings highlight the need for policymakers to prioritize strengthening the policy environment and ensuring stable security to enhance FDI inflows in Iringa. Transformational leadership was also found influence FDI. The study concluded that improving policy enviroments, security stability and transformational leadership is essential to create a more attractive investment climate. By improving these factors, Iringa region is likely become a more competitive destination for foreign investment, potentially driving regional economic growth and development. The implications of these findings is the need for local and national policymakers to focus on creating a stable, secure and conducive policy environment in order to encourage foreign investment in Iringa in particular and in the whole country. This will lead to long term economic benefits, including job creation, infrastructure development and increased economic diversification in the region and in the country as a whole.
Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Stable Security, Policy Environment and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows (FDI
Influence of Vat Leach Reprocessed Tailings on the Environments around Sekenke Gold Mine, Iramba District, Tanzania.
No full textSoil pollution is a worldwide phenomenon which results from both natural and anthropogenic activities. This study aimed to assess the environmental risks associated with reprocessed tailings by determining the concentration of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Fe, Zn & Cr) by using XRF (Rigaku Nex CG) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS, Varian 55B) for As. Eighteen (18) samples from both unprocessed and reprocessed tailing heaps, twelve (12) garden soils, nine (9) water samples and six (6) leafy vegetable samples collected and analysed in the laboratory to assess the heavy metals levels. The pollution load Index (PLI) values for unprocessed and reprocessed tailings were 2.440 and 1.858 respectively, indicating significant environmental pollution. In garden soils, the pollution index (PI) and contamination degree, (Cdeg) values were 2.9889 and 27.082 respectively, confirming elevated contamination. As and Cr was higher in both children and adults consuming water. Cancer risk evaluation showed children consuming Amaranthus spp faced higher risk for As, Cd, Cr and Pb than in adults. In contrast, consuming Cucurbita moschata posed cancer risk from As, Cd and Cr in both groups though Pb related risk for children remained below US EPA life time cancer risk (LTCR) thresholds. However, further studies are required to assess levels of heavy metals in other green leafy vegetables and fruits around the process plants, health risks through dermal and inhalation and assess the levels of heavy metals dispersion in soils from the abandoned reprocessed tailings to a far distance.
Keywords: Heavy Metals, Geo accumulation Index(Igeo),tailings, Contamination, pollution load Index, Amaranthus spp, Cucubita moschata,Iramba
Influence of School Management Practices on Pupils’ Academic Performance in Primary Schools in Dodoma City Council.
No full textThe general objective of the study reported in this dissertation was to examine the influence of school management practices on pupils’ academic performance in primary schools in Dodoma City Council, Tanzania. The study employed mixed research approach where structured questionnaires, interview guides, observation guides and document review guides were used to collect data from a sample of 129 respondents (63 teachers, 51 pupils, 5 head teachers, 5 ward education officers and 5 district education officers) from 5 different primary schools. Findings from data analysis have revealed that there is generally strong influence of the school management practices on pupils’ academic performance in primary schools in Dodoma City Council, Tanzania. Specifically, the following 5 management practices were key in influencing pupils’ academic performance; setting clear expectations and goals for academic performance, effective communication, provision of adequate resources for effective teaching, regularly observing classroom teaching and provision of feedback and involvement of teachers in decision-making processes. Also, findings have revealed that pupils are of the perception that school management practices significantly influence their academic performance. Based on the findings of the study, appropriate recommendations for policy, action and future research are suggested.
Keywords: School Management Practices, Academic Performance, Primary Education, Leadershi
Assessment of Prevalence of Violence against Male on Family Stability: A Case of Kibaha Urban in Tanzania.
No full textThis study assessed the prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) against men and its impact on family stability in Kibaha Urban. To guide the investigation, three specific research objectives were developed: to identify the common forms of violence against men, to examine the major causes of such violence, and to analyze the consequences of violence against men on family stability. The study employed a survey research design and adopted a quantitative approach. A total of 99 married men participated as respondents. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive statistical methods. The study found that the major forms of violence experienced by men include: unfair treatment by their wives, unequal treatment compared to their wives, limited participation in political, economic, social, and cultural life relative to their wives. The study further revealed that the primary causes of violence against men include: the failure of governmental and non-governmental institutions to recognize that men can also be victims of domestic violence, increased advocacy focused solely on ending female oppression, the empowerment of women, growing female control in households, unemployment, and the relatively lower-paying jobs held by men compared to their wives. The consequences of gender-based violence against men on family stability were identified as: challenges in supporting the healthy development of children, unstable relationships with spouses, frequent separations between intimate partners, increased rates of divorce, and recurring quarrels and conflicts The study concluded that violence against men is on the rise, although it is underreported compared to violence against women, who are more likely to report such incidents.
Keywords: Humiliation, Confinement, Discrimination, Social Exclusion
Socio-economic Determinants Affecting Rural Households’ Food Security in Tanzania: A Case of Kilwa District.
No full textThe study titled ―Socio-economic Determinants Affecting Rural Households' Food Security in Kilwa District‖ aimed to assess the awareness of food insecurity and identify the social and economic factors influencing its persistence. Guided by Sen’s
Food Entitlement Theory, the study employed a mixed research approach combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Using purposive and simple random sampling, data were collected from 398 households, selected through Yamane’s formula. Questionnaires were administered to gather information on food security, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression with SPSS, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Findings revealed that 68.8% of households in rural Kilwa experience food insecurity, while only 31.2% are food secure. Male-headed households were found to be more food secure than female headed ones, and 64% of respondents were aware of their food insecurity status. The
regression results showed that social determinants such as age, education level, marital status, and household size significantly affected food security. Similarly, economic factors including cultivated land size, household income, off-farm income, and access to credit also had adverse effects. The study concludes that food security in rural Kilwa is shaped by intertwined social and economic constraints, worsened by limited institutional support and outdated farming practices. It recommends enhanced government and stakeholder efforts to fund agricultural intensification, promote livelihood diversification, and improve economic opportunities to strengthen rural food security.
Keywords: Social and economic determinants, food security, Food Entitlement Theory
A Legal Analysis of Unlimited Exercise of Presidential Authority Under the Constitution of Tanzania.
No full textAnalyzing unregulated Presidential Powers under The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania poses challenges regarding executive powers and constitutionalism. The research problem within this study marks increasing concerns regarding the unbounded presidency and its effects on the separation of powers, the defiance of the rule of law, and the republican principles of Tanzania. Notably, the Constitution and the governance of the country stipulates frameworks around the appointment of public officials, the control of the legislature, and the discretionary powers of the presidency without the consideration of the possible public accountability erosion of those frameworks weakening democracy. This study assesses the constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania in relation to the democracy to determine if the legal frameworks on the presidency protects democratic values as is expected in the international constitutions. This study adopts a doctrinal methodology in research. The study and the overall governance of the country are influenced by the Constitution, existing judicial decisions, writings of the legal scholars, and constitutions of other countries. This is to understand the scope of the powers of the presidency and its influence on governance. The Constitution of Tanzania recognizes the democratic powers of the presidency. Overall, the control and accountability of the powers of the presidency are left ungoverned. These ungoverned control and accountability of the presidency are compounded by the control of the legislature and the court.
Keywords: Legal Analysis, Unlimited Exercise, Presidential Authority Under Constitution
The Influence of Accounting Information Systems on Effective Salary Management Processes in Tanzania: A Case of Fire and Rescue Force in Dodoma Tanzania.
No full textThe study assessed the role of accounting information systems in effective management of salary process in fire rescue force Dodoma in Tanzania. The study consisted of three specific objectives namely the effect of accuracy, automation of payroll calculations and reliability on effective salary process. Positivism philosophy and explanatory design was used. Primary data were used to collect data from a sample of 69 using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used using frequency, pecentages, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum. The relationship between study variables was described using correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings indicated that among the four predicting variables tested , three of them namely automation of payroll calculations and reliability have been found statistically significant towards effective salary process as the dependent variable with p0.05. This implies that effective salary management process at Fire Rescue Force through accounting information system is influenced by automation of payroll calculations and reliability.
Key words: Accounting Information Systems, Effective management System, Automation, Scalability, Reliability