4473 research outputs found
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Impact of Village Community Banks In Promoting Women’s Economic Empowerment: Case Of Chakechake District, Pemba Southern Region.
No full textThis research explored the role of Village Community Banks (VICOBA) in advancing women's economic empowerment in the Chakechake District of Pemba‘s Southern Region. The study
focused on assessing how VICOBA enhances women's access to financial resources, the obstacles they face in asset ownership and control, and the influence of VICOBA on their
participation in household decision-making. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study collected data using open-ended questionnaires from 110 women involved in VICOBA, in-depth
interviews with 12 key informants, and a review of relevant documents. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS through descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis, while
qualitative data were subjected to content analysis to extract major themes. The results indicated that VICOBA significantly improved women‘s access to financial services, enabling them to fulfill basic needs and invest in income-generating ventures. Moreover, it facilitated women‘s ability to own and manage assets through loan accessibility and fostered greater involvement in family decision-making, particularly regarding finances and investments. The study concludes that VICOBA plays a crucial role in empowering women economically within the district. For sustained impact, it recommends enhancing women's continuous engagement in VICOBA, promoting financial education, and supporting income diversification initiatives. Policymakers and development actors are urged to design strategies that address the unique financial needs of
women in these community banks to further promote their economic independence.
Keywords: Microfinance Institutions, Village Community Bank, Women‘s Economic Empowerment
Impacts of Port Infrastructure on Economic Growth in Tanzania: A Case of Selected Dar es Salaam Port.
No full textThe study objective was to examine the contribution of Dar es Salaam Port infrastructure in driving Tanzania’s economic development, focusing on ICT systems, Port equipment, and facilities. The findings are based on a comprehensive
survey of 120 stakeholders involved in Port operations, including professionals with varied educational backgrounds and significant industry experience. The research adopted a cross-sectional design, applying both primary and secondary data sources to support the analysis. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results show that, Port ICT Infrastructure and
Port Equipment have positive relation and supported the impacts of Port infrastructure on economic growth in Tanzania while Port facilities has negatively signed but significant at the 5% level of confidence and each supported hypothesis is
strongly significant to insignificant at p > 0.05. Major challenges such as ICT integration, lack of skilled operators, underutilization of new Port facilities is identified as key areas needing improvement. The study concluded that, ICT
modernization, use of modern Port equipment, interconnected supply chains, and government policies is important not only in transforming performance of Ports but also have a ripple effect on the larger economy, supporting growth and development. The study is therefore recommended to prioritize investment in Port community systems, implement rigorous training programs for equipment operators and develop
long-term master plans for Port facility development.
Keywords: Economic growth, Port Infrastructure, Information, Communication Technology
Role of East Africa Non Tariff Barriers on Cash Crops Trade in East Africa: A Case from Tanzanian Rice Export to Kenya.
No full textThis study examined the impact of East Africa's non-tariff barriers (NTBs) on rice trade performance in Tanzania, with a focus on the role of NTBs, technical barriers, and the challenges hindering their effective implementation in the East African Community (EAC) region. Using a descriptive research design and a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires from a sample of 175
respondents drawn from a population of 312. The analysis, conducted using SPSS version 25.0, revealed that key NTBs affecting rice trade include administrative and customs processes, transportation, and documentation challenges related to clearing and forwarding agricultural products. The study further identified Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) such as inconsistent customs regulations, varied use of common
tariffs, non-uniform standards and conformance procedures, and plant health inspections. Major challenges in implementing NTBs reduction strategies include delays at weighbridges, bans on locally produced goods, excessive export inspection
agencies, corruption, multiple police roadblocks, and language differences. The study concludes with a recommendation that the EAC Secretariat should enhance its systems for reducing NTBs and promote a more competitive and seamless trading
environment among member states.
Keywords: Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs), Cash Crops, Trade, Rice Export, Cross Border Trad
The Impact of Teachers’ Motivation on Public and Private Primary School Pupils’ Academic Performance in Bagamoyo district Tanzania.
No full textThe current study sought to examine the impact of teachers‟ motivation on public and private primary school pupils‟ academic performance in Tanzania using the case study of Bagamoyo District. The study addressed three specific objectives namely: identification of types of motivation available for primary school teachers; examine strategies employed to motivate primary school teachers and the investigation of the impact of teachers‟ motivation on pupils‟ academic performance. The study used cross sectional research design with both qualitative and quantitative research
methods for data collection and analysis. Furthermore, the study employed a random sampling technique and a purposive sampling technique to draw a sample of 90 respondents from the main population of the study. Both structured questionnaire and interviews were applied during data collection from the sampled population. The study used descriptive analysis to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data was
analyzed by content analysis. Findings revealed that teachers‟ motivation was found to have a positive significant effect on the primary school pupils‟ performance in Bagamoyo. Findings also revealed that types of teachers‟ motivation include active learning and students‟ assessment, health insurance, application of new teaching methods, social respect for teachers, and code of conduct of teachers at school and
outside, and satisfaction with management of schools. The study concluded that, the motivation of teachers is a critical factor influencing the academic performance of pupils in both public and private primary schools in Tanzania. Addressing the challenges related to teacher motivation, particularly in public schools, is essential for improving educational outcomes. Therefore, the study recommends that the government should have in place a common guideline and framework for providing motivations to the primary school teachers in order to increase their productivity through hardworking. Motivations provided should directly affect the lives of the
teachers to increase their utility. In addition, study recommends that the Government of Tanzania should review, redesign and implement opportunities for professional
development to meet the demands of teachers
Evaluation of the Legal and Regulatory Framework for Consumer Protection in Mainland Tanzania's Digital Economy.
No full textThis research is on evaluation of legal framework for consumer protection in Tanzania’s digital economy. The key legal problem is the vulnerability of e-consumers in Tanzania due to the lack of satisfactory legal frameworks, for they are fragmented and scattered in different pieces of status. There is need for an inclusive stand-alone legal framework for consumers in digital economy in Tanzania. Consequently, the lack of specific legal mechanisms in the existing legal frameworks has not guaranteed consumers’ protection. This implies that the legal frameworks must be in place in Tanzania for a healthy digital economy. Considering the rapid technological advancements and serious legal challenges, risks including cross-border issues, consumers must build trust and confidence in digital commerce. However, the primary goal for this study was to assess the adequacy of the existing laws in Tanzania meant to safeguard contemporary or e-Consumers’ concerns in cases of online frauds, unfair contract terms and conditions, data privacy, security, and digital divide to mention a few. This has necessitated re-examination of the current laws by using doctrinal and comparative legal methodologys. Foreign laws are also scrutinized to identify key legal gaps and shortcomings making the work a hybrid. The key findings are that consumer protection legal frameworks are not satisfactory enough. In conclusion therefore, there is an absolute need for equitable, stand-alone, comprehensive and enforceable legal frameworks for both E-Commerce and consumer protection for a dynamic digital economy in Tanzania.
Keywords: Consumer protection, digital commerce, digital economy, laws Tanzania
Investigating on Socioeconomic Impact of Betting Among Adolescent: A Case of Temeke Municipality.
No full textThis study entitled “Investigating on Socioeconomic Impact of Betting Among Adolescent: A Case Study of Temeke Municipality” is guided with three specific objectives, namely, to examine the social impacts of betting, to assess the economic impact of betting, and to investigate the roles of social welfare officers in creating awareness of betting among adolescents in Temeke Municipality. The study was guided by pragmatic philosophy, where Strain theory was employed. Data were collected by questionnaires and interviews from a sample size of 384. Data were analysed by SPSS version 30, and Invivo software respectively. The findings noted that with social influence behavior, 40% noted the social pressure; 32% noted peer betting behaviors; and 28% recorded from group norms; with betting leading to economic dependence, 96% revealed their understanding against 4% among adolescents. Further, 87% against 13% noted to be aware of the negative impact of betting among Adolescents. The results demonstrate the vital role that social welfare officers and schools play in reducing the negative impacts of betting. While school clubs and debates have demonstrated the ability to serve as platforms for raising awareness, community outreach is still scarce and under-represented. An approach that is inclusive of the community and multi sectoral is necessary to solve this rising issue. Youth involvement, and preventive education must be given top priority in policies and initiatives. Temeke Municipality's adolescents‟ long-term socioeconomic well-being can only be safeguarded and enhanced by concerted and persistent efforts.
Keywords: Adolescent, Betting, Socioeconomic, Temeke Municipality
Effectiveness of Monitoring and Evaluation System for Implementation of Public Development Projects at Mbozi District Council Tanzania.
No full textThe study examined the effectiveness of the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system in the implementation of public development projects at Mbozi District Council. Specifically, it assessed the current M&E system adopted, identified factors influencing its effectiveness, and established the effect of the existing M&E system on project implementation. The study employed a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 133 stakeholders, including project managers, M&E officers, local government officials, project implementers, and beneficiaries using structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using frequency distribution tables and descriptive statistics in SPSS version 26. The study found that the M&E system is moderately structured, with well-defined roles and consistent monitoring activities. Key factors influencing effectiveness included staff expertise, technological capacity, and stakeholder involvement. The study concluded that an effective M&E system enhances resource management, operational efficiency, and project alignment with objectives, but requires modernization and improved integration into decision-making processes. Recommendations included adopting digital tools and real-time dashboards, providing technical training for staff, strengthening feedback mechanisms within project teams, and enhancing stakeholder participation to promote accountability and sustainable project outcomes.
Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Public Development Projects, Effectiveness, Stakeholder Involvement, Technological Capacity
The Impact of Fee-Free Education on Quality Education in Public Primary Schools in Tanganyika District Council, Katavi Region.
No full textThis study explored the impact of Tanzania‘s fee-free education policy, implemented in 2015, on the quality of primary education in public schools in Tanganyika District, Katavi Region . Framed by Bertalanffy‘s Systems Theory (1968), the research examined the policy‘s effects on enrollment (input subsystem), teaching and learning quality (process subsystem), and resource-related barriers (feedback loops) affecting educational outcomes. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was employed, combining descriptive statistical analysis of quantitative data (enrollment records, questionnaires from 397 respondents: 327 pupils, 60 teachers, seven head teachers, 2 Ward Education Officers, 1 District Education Officer) with thematic analysis of qualitative data (interviews with education officials, head teachers, and teachers). Findings revealed a substantial enrollment increase from 2015 to 2020, with balanced growth for boys and girls, indicating the policy‘s success in enhancing access by removing financial barriers. However, the quality of teaching and learning faced challenges, as increased resources and reduced dropout rates did not consistently translate into improved education due to systemic constraints. Key barriers included overcrowded classrooms, inadequate infrastructure, teacher shortages, insufficient funding, and limited community engagement, which hindered quality in rural settings. The study concludes that while the policy significantly improved access, it strained quality due to resource constraints, contributing to Systems Theory by highlighting rural-specific subsystem imbalances. Recommendations include government investment in infrastructure, teacher recruitment, and professional development, alongside community initiatives to address indirect costs like uniforms and transportation. Future research should explore long-term academic outcomes, urban-rural differences, teacher coping strategies, and socio-economic impacts to ensure sustainable, high-quality education.
Keywords: Fee-free education, quality education, primary schoo
Influence of Internal School Quality Assurance on Students’ Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Tanzania: a Case of Ubungo Municipality.
No full textThis study investigated the influence of internal school quality assurance (ISQA) on students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Ubungo Municipal Council. It was guided by three specific objectives, namely: to assess the role of ISQA officers in monitoring teachers' instructional practices; to evaluate the effectiveness of internal school quality assurance officers in ensuring academic standards; and to examine the impact of internal school quality assurance on students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Ubungo Municipal Council. The study used pragmatism as a research philosophy using mixed-method approaches. The study used convergent design, questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews to collect data. The study engaged a sample size of 306 respondents who were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. The study revealed that first, the role of ISQA officers included monitoring teachers’ instructional practices by maintaining established standards, and evaluating the effectiveness of teaching and providing feedback; second, the ISQA officers ensured academic standards by monitoring and evaluating teaching and learning processes, and identifying strengths and weaknesses of areas for improvement; and third, significant impact on enhancing students’ academic performance was realized by ensuring education quality control, and helping in curriculum implementation. It was recommended that ISQA officers' roles include setting standards; holding teachers accountable for students’ outcomes; planning and delivering teachers’ professional development; aligning teaching objectives to curriculum; using varied assessments to ensure academic standards; and enhancing academic performance. Further study was recommended to employ descriptive cross-sectional research design, increase the number of schools to twenty and conduct the study in different municipal councils.
Keywords: Quality Assurance, Academic Standards, Academic Performanc
Examination of Factors Influencing the Intention to Use Mobile Payment in Tanzania: A Case of Bukoba Municipal Council.
No full textThe study examined the factors influencing the intention to use mobile payment in Tanzania: a case on Bukoba Municipal Council. Specifically, it examined the influence of contextual factors and demographic factors on the usage of mobile payment in Tanzania and explored the challenges facing customers facing when using mobile payment. The study used 110 respondents in Bukopa Municipal Council, Kagera sampled using Simple Random Sampling Questionnaire and structured interview tools were used to collection data, and analyzed using Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of the findings revealed the factors influencing mobile payment, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, and perceived risk. Analysis showed these predictors explained only 5% of the variance in adoption intentions, with none having a significant impact. However, demographic factors such as age and education were significant, with younger and more educated individuals more likely to adopt mobile payments. The study also, showed that mobile payment was challenged by issues with mobile money agents, lack of understanding of the technology, language barriers, and inadequate access due to insufficient national identification and uneven distribution of agents. The study recommended enhancing agent training, improving user education, and addressing regulatory and identification challenges to facilitate broader adoption and better service accessibility. The implications of this study underscore the need for targeted interventions to boost mobile payment adoption in Tanzania. For mobile payment service providers, it is vital to focus on the younger and more educated segments of the population, as they demonstrate a higher propensity to use these services.
Keywords: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions