4473 research outputs found
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Factors Affecting Tanzania Government in Combating Human Trafficking Among the Youth: A Case Study of Julius Nyerere International Airport (JNIA).
Full text linkThis study investigated the factors affecting Tanzania government in combating human trafficking among the youth. The study was conducted at JNIA Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The focus of the study was to examine the influence of business
opportunity on human trafficking, to examine the influence of poverty on human trafficking and to determine the influence of unemployment on human trafficking among the youth. Structural-functional theory and Conflict Theory were used to guide the study. The study used mixed methods design where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Questionnaire was administered to collect numerical data and the interview method was used to gather qualitative data. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic technique and results were presented in narratives,
while quantitative data on the other hand were analysed using descriptive statistics through a computer software known as SPSS version 22. The findings revealed that,
the problem of human trafficking among the youth for labour exploitation abroad still exists in Tanzania. The reported factors the government of Tanzania is facing in
combating the problem include personal characteristics and economic situation, unemployment, business opportunities, as well as characteristics of their family, peer networks and home community. From the findings, it is recommended that the government of Tanzania should implement laws and policies which improve social economic conditions in the country as a top priority. The government is also advised
to increase access to credit and increases the employment opportunity to youth so as to boost their employability and minimize human trafficking among the youth.
Keywords: Business opportunity, poverty, human trafficking, youth, unemployment, JNI
Assessing the Impacts of Physical Working Environment on Employees’ Performance in Public Service: The Case of Bariadi District Council in Tanzania.
No full textThis study was carried out to assess the impacts of the physical working environment on employees’ performance. Four objectives were formulated in this study namely; to examine the effects of safety and security measures on employees’ performance, to examine the effects of workspace design and layout on employees’ performance to examine the effects of temperature and ventilation on employees’ performance, and to examine the effects of amenities and facilities on employees’ performance. Positivism philosophy was adopted in this study to which quantitative approach is appropriate in making analysis. The Population of this study was about 1948 employees, and closed-ended questionnaires with five-level scales ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree were distributed to 487 respondents with the use of simple random sampling technique. Researcher applied stratified sampling to select samples from five categories namely administrators, health staff, teachers, educational officers, and other employees. Descriptive statistical techniques and ordinal logistic regression were used to analyze data collected from the field. Generally, the results of this study revealed that, the physical working environment have positive impact on employees’ performance. The management should initiate strategies for improving physical working environment that will improve employees’ and the organization’s performance. All research variables including safety and security measures, workspace design and layout, temperature and ventilation and, amenities and facilities were significant positive predictors of employees’ performance.
Keywords: Physical Working Environment, Employee Performance and Public Servic
The Contribution of School Quality Assurance Unit in Teaching Processes in Public Secondary Schools in Bagamoyo District Council, Tanzania.
Full text linkThis study examined the contribution of school quality assurance unit on teaching processes in public secondary schools in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania. The study had three specific objectives which were to: examine the academic activities of school quality assurance unit in public secondary schools, assess teachers' perception on the contribution of school quality assurance unit on teaching activities and determine the challenges facing the school quality assurance unit in executing their academic activities in public secondary schools. The study grounded from system theory of education. It employed pragmatism paradigm, mixed research approach and descriptive research design. A total of 83 respondents were involved in the study.. Data collection methods were questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate academic activities performed by School Quality Assurance Unit based on school coordination, conducting monitoring and evaluation, giving advice on the delivery models, implementation of curriculum in schools and improving teaching confidence and professional growth. It also revealed that teachers had positive perceptions with regard to activities performed by School Quality Assurance Unit. The unit faced challenges based on inadequate human, financial and material resources, transport problem, mushrooming of community schools which hinder quality assurance unit activities' effectiveness, negative perception of quality assurance unit officers, attitude of some of officers attitudes, mistrust, fear and worries bestowed upon teachers. The study concludes that the perception of teachers towards the activities performed by the unit is good since it improves the teaching and learning activities. It thus recommends that there is a need to conduct capacity building and improve on financial management of the unity.
Keywords: Internal School Quality Assurance Unit, Perception, Teaching and Learning, Secondary School
Influence of Household Income Poverty on the Persistent Poaching Activities in Burunge Wildlife Management Area in Babati District, Tanzania.
Full text linkThis study aimed to investigate the influence of household income poverty on the persistent poaching activities in Burunge wildlife management area in Babati district, Tanzania. Data were collected from a sample size of 386 randomly selected respondents, where questionnaires were administered to heads of households, while in-depth interviews were conducted to purposively selected 22 key informants in the study area. Quantitative data was analysed by using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics while the qualitative data were analysed through content analysis. The finding on the household monthly incomes among residents surrounding Burunge WMA reveals that 18.9% of households are living in extreme poverty, 14.2% are in moderate poverty, and 21.8% are vulnerable to poverty while 45.1% of households are categorized as non-poor. Further, the major reasons for poaching activities in Burunge WMA are bush meat for commercial purposes (46.7%), subsistence (38.3%) and traditional medicine (7.3%). The statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test showed a strong relationship between household income poverty levels and engagement in poaching activities (χ² = 33.452, df = 3, p<0.05). The study concludes that income poverty, characterized by inadequate education, lack of alternative livelihoods, economic desperation, and financial pressure, significantly drives individuals to engage in poaching activities. The study recommends for provision of alternative livelihood opportunities and supporting sustainable agriculture programs among residents surrounding Burunge WMA.
Keywords: Household Income Poverty, Poaching Activities, Wildlife Management Are
Examining the Role of Village Community Banks (VICOBA) in Women Empowerment: A Case of Ilala Municipality Major Markets.
Full text linkThis study examines the role of Village Community Banks (VICOBA) in empowering women within Ilala Municipality’s major markets. Grounded in Naila Kabeer’s Feminist
Economics of Empowerment, the study employs an interpretivist research philosophy, using a qualitative research design and a case study approach. The research utilizes purposive sampling to select 30 participants, including VICOBA members, leaders, and Community Development Officers. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and secondary document analysis. Thematic analysis was employed to identify key patterns related to financial inclusion, decision-making power, and socio-cultural transformations. Findings reveal that VICOBA fosters women's financial autonomy by improving access to credit, enhancing financial literacy, and
strengthening social support networks. Moreover, participation in VICOBA challenges traditional gender norms by increasing women’s leadership roles in both household and
community decision-making. Despite these benefits, challenges such as financial illiteracy, limited access to capital, and societal constraints persist. The study concludes that VICOBA plays a crucial role in advancing gender equality and economic empowerment but requires further policy interventions to enhance sustainability and accessibility
The Socio-Economic Impact of the Introduction of Sisal Production in Same District, Tanzania: 1890 – 1967.
Full text linkThis study has examined the Socio-Economic Impact of the Introduction of Sisal Production in Same District, Kilimanjaro Region, between 1890 and 1967. First of all,
the study sought to underpin the socio-economic impact of pre- colonial economy in Same District. Thereafter, it analysed the methods used to introduce colonial economy
in general and sisal production in particular in Same District from 1890. Finally, the study explored the socio - economic impact of the introduction of colonial economy
and sisal production in Same District between 1890 and 1967. Relevant information and data were collected from archival research, oral interviews as well as secondary sources. Using the principles of qualitative research, collected information and data were analyzed thematically in accordance with the research objectives. Findings show
that before the establishment of the colonial economy and introduction of sisal plantations in Same District, the local people were engaged in a subsistence economy
based on equal exchange. The establishment of the colonial economy through land alienation without compensation; taxation without representation; and use of forced and migrant labour in cash crop production without value addition, significantly undermined the Socio–Economic Status (SES) of the pre–colonial society in Same District and the entire country.In the case of sisal, the government has made deliberate efforts after independence to transform the sisal industry by adding value to the crop. During the colonial period, sisal was exploited mostly for its fibre (white gold). However, sisal fibre, constitutes only a minute fraction (about 2%) of the total value of the “green gold”. Besides other valuable products, biogas, electricity and animal feeds are presently generated from sisal waste.
Keywords: Socio - Economic, Socio-Economic Impact, Sisal Production
Assessment of Healthcare Service Satisfaction among National Health Insurance Fund Beneficiaries: Case of Musoma Municipal.
Full text linkThis study assesses healthcare service satisfaction among National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) beneficiaries in Musoma Municipal, Tanzania, focusing on three objectives: (1) evaluating the assurance of healthcare service satisfaction, (2) exploring health workers’ responsiveness, and (3) investigating the role of social welfare officers
in advocating healthcare rights among NHIF beneficiaries. Grounded in the SERVQUAL theory, the research adopts a pragmatic philosophical approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. A sample of 302 NHIF beneficiaries was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, with simple random sampling applied to beneficiaries and purposive sampling for service providers, NHIF staff, and social welfare officers. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires (analyzed using SPSS version 24), while qualitative data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically. Key findings revealed that 78% of beneficiaries were aware of healthcare service assurance mechanisms, while 22% lacked awareness. Four factors significantly correlated with low satisfaction: drug shortages (31%), long waiting times (29%), limited diagnostic equipment (18%), and insufficient specialized
services (22%). Additionally, 79% reported disrespectful treatment, 92% cited delayed information provision, 89% found provided information unclear, and 90% perceived a
lack of empathy from providers. Concerns about dignity (94%), autonomy (89%), and confidentiality (75%) were also prevalent. The study highlights gaps in NHIF service
delivery and offers recommendations for improvement. It emphasizes the importance of staff training, better resource allocation, and enhanced oversight by social welfare
officers to ensure services meet beneficiary expectations.
Keywords: healthcare service, NHIF beneficiaries, Musoma Municipal, Tanzani
Protection of Customary Land Rights in Tanzania.
Full text linkThis study aimed at examining the protection of customary land rights in Tanzania. Despite the Constitutional and legislative guarantee on the recognition and protection of the customary land rights in Tanzania, customary land tenure suffers from inadequate legal protection, a situation that is analogous to that in the colonial and the immediate post – independence era. Section 18 (1) of the Village Land Act provides that, a
customary right of occupancy is in every respect of equal status and effect to a granted right of occupancy. However, in the contrary, section 34 (3) of the Land Act provides
that, a customary right of occupancy can be uprooted in favour of the granted right of occupancy. Also, section 181 of the Land Act provides that, when granted right of occupancy conflicts with customary right of occupancy, the customary right of occupancy will be defeated. The study employed the doctrinal legal research to assess the protection of customary land right in Tanzania. The observations which were made
in the course of this study revealed that, although majority of Tanzanians own their un surveyed lands under customary right of occupancy, nevertheless, the land laws failed to serve the purpose of protecting the customary land rights against the granted right of occupancy. Thus, resulting to a total denial of the land rights of the majority of Tanzanians who own their lands under customary tenure. It is recommended that; the government should amend the laws which hinder the protection of the customary land rights in order to strengthen the protection of the customary land tenure in Tanzania.
Key words: Protection, Customary Land Rights, Security of Land Tenure, Legal Protection, Tanzania
An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Audio-Visual Teaching and Learning Aids on Developing Student’s Critical Thinking: A Case of Secondary Schools in Karagwe District.
No full textThis study examined the effectiveness of audio-visual (AV) teaching and learning aids in developing students’ critical thinking in secondary schools in Karagwe District. The
objectives were to determine the extent to which AV teaching aids are utilized, assess the level of students’ critical thinking, and examine the extent to which AV aids enhance
critical thinking development. The study adopted a quantitative research approach underpinned by a positivist philosophy and employed a survey research design. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 346 respondents from secondary schools. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the utilization of AV teaching aids in secondary schools was moderate, but their use had a positive and significant influence on students’ critical thinking. Students taught using AV-supported lessons demonstrated improved problem-solving skills, stronger analytical reasoning,
and a better ability to apply knowledge in real-life contexts compared to those taught using traditional methods. Furthermore, AV aids enhanced student engagement, participation, and collaboration during lessons. The study concludes that AV teaching aids play a critical role in improving students’ critical thinking and recommends
increasing access to AV resources through coordinated efforts by the government, school administrations, and stakeholders. Additionally, regular teacher training and capacity-building programs are essential to equip educators with the necessary technical and pedagogical skills for effective integration of AV aids into classroom practices.
Keywords: Audio-visual aids, critical thinking, secondary education, constructivist pedagogy, Tanzani
Exploring the Contribution of Gender-Sensitive Training in Reducing Gender-Based Violence: A Case of the Police Gender Desk in Dodoma City.
No full textThis study explored the contribution of gender-sensitive training in reducing genderbased violence (GBV), focusing on the Police Gender Desk in Dodoma City. Despite the establishment of Gender Desks and specialized training, GBV remains a persistent challenge in Tanzania, raising questions about the effectiveness of these interventions. Guided by three objectives, the study examined how gender-sensitive
training influences police officers’ understanding of GBV, enhances their responses, and the challenges encountered in applying the training. The study adopted a qualitative research design under the interpretivist paradigm, using a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with trained officers and GBV survivors, selected purposively. Thematic analysis supported by NVivo was employed, while Feminist Legal Theory (FLT) provided the framework. Findings revealed that training broadened officers’ understanding of GBV, improved professional responses, and fostered survivor centered practices. Institutional resistance, limited resources, and inadequate follow up training hindered consistent application. The study concludes that gender sensitive training is vital in improving police responses to GBV, but its potential requires continuous capacity building, institutional support, and community sensitization. It recommends refresher training, adequate resourcing of Gender Desks, stronger inter-agency collaboration, and accountability mechanisms to ensure
survivor-centered policing.
Keywords: Gender-based violence, gender-sensitive training, Police Gender Desk, qualitative research, purposive sampling, Feminist Legal Theory, Dodoma Cit