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The Influence of Cargo Handling Systems on Port Performance in Tanzania
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to provide an analysis on the influence of cargo handlingsystems onportperformanceinTanzania.Thestudywantedtofindoutwhydespitetheincreasingimportanceofcargohandlingineconomicgrowthandportperformance, yet in some countries like Tanzania there is less effort to improve thesituation. The assumption was cargo handling is a backbone of a port, therefore, anyeffort to improve cargo handling simultaneously influencing the economic growth,development andperformance.In order to findanswers to theabove raised puzzlethe study employed qualitative research methodology, through IDI‟s, observation,and documentary reviews. The finding of the study reveals that there are severalproblemsconcerningcargohandlinginTanzaniaports.Amongtheproblemmentioned mostly include bureaucracy (hierarchical), cargo clearance and logisticsmanagement. These problems have said to deteriorate the performance of port andsubsequently in economic growth and development. Additional to that it is revealedthat inadequate technological equipment in cargo handling is among the hindrancefactor to the performance of the port. It was revealed that some countries decided notto be served by Tanzania port because of mentioned problems. Lastly, the studyrecommended that in order to improve performance of Tanzania port, raise revenue,economic growth anddevelopment cargo handlingfactor shouldbeimproved.
Keywords: Cargo Handling Systems, Port, Dar essalaam, Tanzani
Causes of Loan Default by Small & Medium Enterprises in Tanzania
Get PDFThe general purpose of this study is to determine the causes of loan default by the small and medium enterprises in Tanzania: Case of Kahama Municipal. Kahama Municipal found in the Shinyanga Region on the lake zone part of Tanzania. Specifically, the study aimed to: determine the relationship between loan interest rate and loan application cost charged to SMEs and loan default by SMEs in Kahama Municipal; establish the relationship between funds utilization practices and loan default by SMEs in Kahama Municipal; determine the relationship between loan appraisal practices and loan default by SMEs in Kahama Municipal and to determine the relationship between SMEs owner’s business management competence and loan default by SMEs in Kahama Municipal. The Causal Credit Default Theory guided the study. The study used a mixed research approach. To determine the cause of the loan, default this study uses both cross-sectional and descriptive survey designs. The sample of 240 SMEs categorized under the portfolio of the non-performing loans were interviewed and the sample size was derived from a scientific approach called the Cochran formula. The information and data obtained were coded and analyzed by using SPSS to produce frequencies, percentages and cross tabulations which were presented in tables, and graphs. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the loan interest and loan application cost, fund utilization practices, and loan appraisal practices have influences on loan defaults and SMEs owner’s competence has a high influence on loan defaults among the SMEs in Kahama municipal.
Keywords: Loan default, SMEs, loan interest rate, loan application cost, Kahama Municipa
Effects of Financial Sector Development on Bank Capitalization Ratio in Tanzania.
No full textFinancial sector development in many countries is a series of reforms aimed at improving the sector. Theoretically, reforms that aim to develop the banking sector and stock market are expected to strengthen banks‘ stability and lower bank-risk of default through enhancing bank capitalization ratio. This thesis aimed to assess whether financial sector development plays any role in influencing bank capitalization ratio in Tanzania. The study collected secondary data from published balance sheets and income statements of 28 banks selected country-level data was collected from the DSE and World Bank database for ten years period from 2012 to 2021. The study employed a dynamic panel dataset and the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) technique to estimate the regression model while considering bank-specific characteristics and macroeconomic conditions. Before estimating the regression model, the data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that financial sector development proxies such as banking sector development and stock market development in Tanzania improve bank capitalization ratio consistent with the aims of maintaining stability of banking sector. This is as a result of the increasing credit facility to private businesses that enable banks to increase interest income which improve bank capitalization ratio. In addition, this might be associated with the improvement of bank supervision. The thesis further found that the banks in Tanzania incurred low costs and possess high pace of adjustment to target capitalization ratio because the majority of banks are not listed. Hence, they depend on equity capital from founders or private investors which have lower floatation costs as compared to public stock market.
Keywords: Tanzania, Bank capitalization ratio, Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), Banking sector development, Stock market developmen
Effectiveness of Internal Monitoring and Evaluation Capacity on the Performance of Development Projects: A Case of Dar-es-Salaam City Council.
No full textThis study explores the role of internal Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) capacity in improving the performance of development projects in Dar es Salaam City Council, Tanzania. This research focuses on three core areas: Human resource capacity, Organizational systems, and Technological integration examining how these components collectively enhance or hinder project performance. A mixed-methods approach was used to collect data from a sample of 70 respondents participating in M&E activities in the Dar-es-Salaam City Council. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews from the purposively selected participants. Quantitative data was gathered using semi-structured questions, which were distributed to the M&E practitioners across different departments. The study’s findings revealed significant insights into the gaps and strengths of internal M&E capacity in Dar es Salaam City Council. While there is evidence of moderate to high levels of competency among the staff, challenges such as staffing shortages, outdated organizational systems and limited technological adoption continue to exist. These barriers affect the overall efficiency of monitoring and evaluation processes causing delays, resource mismanagement and poor project outcomes. The research concluded by offering actionable recommendations for enhancing human resource training, reviewing organizational systems and integrating technology to improve M&E practices and project performance across Tanzania.
Keywords: Monitoring and Evaluation, Organizational Systems, Technological Integration, Theory of Change (ToC) & Project Performanc
The Influence of School Leadership on Teachers´ Job Performance in Public Secondary School”, A Case of the Bunda Town Council.
No full textSchool leadership plays a pivotal role in cultivating a supportive environment where teachers can thrive, and students can learn. This mixed study explored how leadership styles influence teacher job performance through in-depth interviews with 28 teachers and heads of schools across six public secondary institutions in Bunda Town, Tanzania. Grounded in theories of transformational and path-goal leadership.
The research examined common approaches employed and their impacts on teacher motivation, commitment and effectiveness. Key findings show the prevalent democratic style engaged staff in decision-making and fostered innovation. While
most teachers felt inspired and appreciated, some voiced exclusion from planning. Additionally, continuous professional development and resolution of the conflicts enhanced workplace satisfaction. However, some schools required improved vision sharing and appreciation of efforts. The research makes a significant contribution to understanding the intricate dynamics between leadership practices and teacher productivity within this specific context. It identifies alignment between perspectives yet also divergence, signalling a need for customised support. Empowering staff autonomy through inclusion, recognition and skills-building emerged as impactful strategies. By elevating educator voices and offering locally-tailored empirical insight. The study aims to inform leadership development and efforts to enhance
education quality through motivation of our dedicated teaching workforce. In prioritising the staff who guide future generations. This research highlights opportunities to strengthen school systems from the ground up.
Keywords: Leadership styles, Teacher job performance, Democratic style, Conflict resolution
Impacts of Tourism Activities on the Livelihoods Communities Living Adjacent to Tarangire National Park, Tanzania.
Get PDFThis study assessed the impacts of tourism activities on the livelihoods of communities living adjacent to Tarangire National Park. The study was conducted to communities living adjacent to Tarangire National Park in Manyara Region. This study was guided by three specific objectives: to identify the impacts of tourism activities on the livelihoods of local communities, to determine challenges facing local communities participating in tourism activities and to identify measure deployed to address challenges facing local communities to participate in tourism activities in the study area. The sample size of this study was 211. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed to select samples. Primary and secondary data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, observations and documentary literature review. SPSS software version 20.0was used to analyze quantitative data while qualitative data were analyses using content analysis. The study findings revealed that, impacts of tourism activities on the community’s livelihoods included competition for land with other economic uses, social stress and cultures clashes and improvement of the standard of life. Also the study findings revealed that, the challenges facing local people participating in tourism activities included unemployment problem, negative perception towards tourism activities and low level of education. Furthermore, this study recommended appropriate strategies to reduce the challenges among others which include increase employment opportunities through tourism, improve outreach program, empowerment of local people, increase awareness and education to local people, community involvement and participation of local people in tourism activities.
Keywords: Livelihoods, Local communities, Tarangire National Park, Tourism
activities
Factors Influencing Performance of Public Development Projects: A Case of TASAF-III Conditional Cash Transfer Project in Gairo District.
Get PDFThe study on which this dissertation is based investigated the factors influencing performance of public development projects, a case of TASAF-III Conditional Cash Transfer Project in Gairo District. The study objectives were to examine the influence of stakeholders‘ participation, fund allocation, and capacity building of staffs in relation to performance of the project. The descriptive design was used and a mixed method approach. The study used purposive sampling technique and Slovin‘s formula was used to obtain 283 as total number of respondents. The study used Questionnaire, Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interview in data gathering. Descriptive statistical analysis, Chi-square test, Composite Mean, and binary logistic regression were used to analyze quantitative data while Content Analysis was used in qualitative data. The Stakeholder theory was used to underpin the study. On the first objective the study discovered stakeholder‘s participation, opinions and M&E Skills were considered at a low level when the Chi-square test was indicated significant at 0.05 levels. For the Second objective, Untimely disbursement of fund, Poor Awareness, Skills, and knowledge on M&E and M&E Fund, poor trainings and seminars were discovered critical problems. In the third objective, insufficient budget, poor trainings and seminars, affects the project performance almost by 90%. The study recommends intensive Community and key stakeholders participatory in project implementation, active communication channel, reducing unnecessary expenditures; ensure timely allocation of fund, improving the capacity building through appropriate trainings and seminars.
Key words: Capacity Building of Staffs, Stakeholders’ Participation, Fund
Allocation, TASAF III-CCT Performance
Effects of Tourism Sector Development on Economic Growth in Zanzibar : 2005 -2020.
Get PDFThe intention of the thesis is to analyze the effects of tourism sector development on economic growth in Zanzibar. It involved and focus on tourism sector in Zanzibar for a period of 15 years, from 2005 - 2020. The study employed foreign exchange rate, government expenditure and international tourist arrivals as independent value in economic growth. The thesis employed Tourism led growth hypothesis and endogenous growth theory that embraced a multiple regression model in scrutinizing the data on examine the effects of tourism sector development on economic growth in Zanzibar. The study employed time series research design, the analyzed data obtained from Office of chief government statistician (OCGS), Zanzibar tourism Commission (ZTC), Zanzibar investment promotion authority (ZIPA), Migration of Zanzibar and Bank of Tanzania (BOT). The findings expose that there is a positive affiliation between foreign exchange rate, government expenditure and international tourist arrivals with insignificant relation to economic growth of Zanzibar. The thesis concluded that there is need for government intervention into the tourism sector through relevant policies such as enhancing the tax body on all foreign companies dealing with tourism activities within the country; there is high influence of tourism sector in economic growth of Zanzibar being a case as shown on the regression model results. Furthermore, this study recommends that Zanzibar should ensure political, economic and social stability for attraction of more high quality tourists.
Keywords: Foreign Exchange Rate, Government Expenditure, International Tourist
Arrival
Training And Employee Job Performance On Public Services:The Case Of Kinondoni Municipal Council In Tanzania.
Get PDFThe main objective of the study to investigate the role of training on employee job performance at KMC. The study has four specific objectives, first, to invistigate types of training conducted by employee at KMC. Second, to examine the relationship between training and employee motivation, competance and confidence at KMC. Third, to examine the relationship between employee motivation, competence, confidence and performance at KMC. And fourth, to determine the association between training programmes and employee performance. The study involved 100 respondents from ten public secondary schools at Kinondoni Municipal Council. It includes sixty-six (66) female and thirty-four (34) male teachers. Females dominated gender respondents. This is influenced by the large number of female teachers in KMC. The study employed method research, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study found that the training program influences on skill growth, employee learning and self-direct. Not only that but also employee altitude and behavior and delegation. Apart from that, the study also found that training enhances the employee’s confidences, which made employee confidence the most significant factor affecting employee', making employee confidence the most significant factor affecting, making employee confidence the most significant factor affecting employee performance. Recommendations were manmade where it was identified that the HRs should provide regular training for their staff and assessment should be done regularly to ensure positive feedback of training programs. Also KMC should create a desire for learning so that employees will be interested in training.
Key words: Training, Employees, Job performance, motivation, Confidence,
Competenc
The Contributions of Coffee Auctions Market on the Performance of Coffee Growers: A Case of Mbozi District.
Get PDFThe study examined the contribution of Coffee Auction markets implementation on the performance of coffee growers in Mbozi district. The study’s three specific objectives were to examine the contribution of Coffee Auctions markets implementation on profitability performance of coffee growers in Mbozi district, to assess the contribution of Coffee Auction market implementation on productivity performance of coffee growers in Mbozi district, and to identify the contribution of Coffee Auction markets implementation on reduction of post-harvest loss in Mbozi district. The study used survey research design and consequently questionnaire in collecting the data needed from a sample size of 86 coffee growers in Mbozi district. The study further adopted descriptive statistics to analyze the data collected from sampled coffee growers in Mbozi district. The study revealed that the Coffee Auction markets implementation indeed highly and positively affect the performance of coffee growers in terms of coffee productivity and profitability. However, the implementation only moderately contributes to coffee growers’ post-harvest loss. The study recommends that the Tanzania Coffee Board should push to make information needed by coffee growers publicly and easily available, including trends in coffee prices, access and use of farm-input and provision of more support and extension services to coffee farmers, timely availability of quality and affordable farm inputs, and participation of farmers through AMCOS in price setting.
Keywords: Profitability, coffee growers, auction marke