4473 research outputs found
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Legal and Institutional Framework for Prosecuting International Crimes in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
No full textThe rate of international crimes committed in the Democratic Republic of Congo is high when compared to the cases that have been reported. There are international crimes that are not critically prosecuted within the national and International Instruments. The study appraises the mechanism of the legal frame work of the Democratic Republic of Congo on how it deals with international crimes as well the collaboration of international instruments such as Criminal Courts on how it participate on the prosecutions of the cases. The main objective of this study is to comply with the legal and institutional framework of the DRC with respect to its effectiveness in prosecuting international crimes committed on its territory. The study used doctrinal legal research methods in conjunction with international agreements that D.R. Congo ratified as being relevant to their judicial jurisdictions. The research identified that the D.R. Congo must do domestic prosecutions against persons who bear lower responsibility based on its national laws. This is essential as it will fill the impunity gap which is left by the International Criminal Court strategy
Challenges of Fee-Free Education Policy in Teaching and Learning Environments in Public Primary Schools in Bukoba Municipality, Kagera Region.
No full textThis study investigated challenges encountered in the implementation of the Fee Free Education Policy in teaching and learning environment of public primary schools in Bukoba Municipality, Kagera Region. Specifically, the study sought to analyze the state of teaching and learning facilities; measure the challenges encountered by primary schools in executing fee-free education; and assess effectiveness of strategies implemented at the municipal, ward, and school levels in alleviating the challenges associated with the fee-free education policy. The study adopted a mixed-methods research approach and cross-sectional survey design. Primary data were collected from 216 respondents using questionnaires and interviews while secondary data were collected through documentary review. Study findings showed that, subsequent to the adoption of fee-free primary education, parents and students adjusted their perspectives in line with Education Circular No. 5 of 2015. In addition, stakeholders expressed uncertainty regarding the actual conditions of teaching and learning environments. This resulted to various challenges faced by schools, such as infrastructure shortages, overcrowded classrooms, insufficient teaching staff, and limited parental involvement. Based on the findings, the study suggests a need for collaboration between the Ministry of Education and stakeholders to mobilize resources and raise awareness within communities about the significance of primary education. In view of the aforementioned, there is necessity for proactive measures to tackle identified obstacles to ensure effective implementation of fee-free education policies in Bukoba Municipality.
Keywords: Fee, Free Education, Teaching, Primary Schools
Factors Affecting Prevention Intention Towards Fire Outbreaks in Public Markets in Tanzania: The Moderating Effect of Attitude.
No full textThis study examined the factors affecting prevention intention towards fire outbreaks in public markets using attitude as a moderating variable. The study specifically assessed the effects of perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, response efficacy, and self-efficacy on facilitating the intention to prevent fire outbreaks in public markets. Additionally, it examined the moderating effects of attitudes on prevention intentions and fire outbreaks in public markets. The research utilised quantitative methods, involving 384 respondents who were traders in public markets and the management of respective markets in the Dar es Salaam Region. A simple random sampling approach was employed to select respondents from 10 markets, and data analysis was conducted using the structural equation model. The findings indicated that perceived vulnerability did not directly affect the intention to prevent fire outbreaks in public markets while perceived severity, response efficacy, and self efficacy demonstrated direct positive effects. The study also revealed that attitude positively moderated the relationship between vulnerability and the intention to prevent fire outbreaks in public markets, but it did not exhibit positive moderating effects on perceived severity, response efficacy, and self-efficacy. This study concludes that among the four factors under the study, three of them directly affect the intention to prevent fire. The study recommends that further research could explore the reasons why attitude does not positively moderate perceived severity, response efficacy, and self-efficacy in facilitating the intention to prevent fire outbreaks in public markets.
Keywords: Vulnerability, Perceived Severity, Response Efficacy, Self-Efficacy, Prevention Intention of fire and Attitudes
The Effectiveness of Succession Planning in the Tanzania Police Force: The Case of Dar-Es-Salaam Police Special Zone.
No full textThe study assessed the effectiveness of succession planning in Tanzania Police Force in Dar es Salaam Special Zone. The study was guided by three specific objectives; identifying the programs associated with in executing leadership succession planning Tanzania police force, to determine the strategies employed in implementing leadership succession planning Tanzania police force and to examine the challenges facing implementations of succession planning in the Tanzania police force. The study employed pragmatism philosophy and mixed research approach that included quantitative and qualitative approach and data. Descriptive research design adopted with a sample of 286 respondents from police staff selected randomly. Primary and secondary data used to collect data, structured questionnaires, in-depth interview and documentary reviews. Analysis conducted using descriptive statistics that involves mean and standard deviation, qualitative data was analyzed using theme-content analysis and results presented by quotations of participants’ words of mouth. The study found that, the police force has leadership succession planning programs such as Staff replacement, training programs, handover procedures, regular assessments of officer’s skills and talent development sessions programs. Also, found that, the police force has developed various strategies for enhancing leadership succession planning including, engaging diversity of the officers, politically driven strategy, competency of the candidate, and ranks of the officers and level of education of police officers. The study revealed that, the police force is facing various challenges in implementation of leadership succession planning these include; lack of effective planning for talent pool, political changeovers, inefficient funding for talent development, delayed promotion, and preference of education over experience. The study recommended the police force to come with vigorous strategies that will enable effective leadership succession planning.
Keywords: Police Force, Succession Planning, Leadership Succession, Special Zon
Assessment of Leadership Styles and Teachers Job Performance in Remote Secondary Schools: A Study of Uvinza District Council, Tanzania.
Get PDFAssessment of Leadership Styles and Teachers Job Performance in Remote Secondary Schools with reference to Uvinza District Council, Tanzania. The specific objective were; to determine the most adopted leadership styles in schools, evaluate how the autocratic leadership style correlate teacher job performance, assess how the democratic leadership style correlate teacher job performance and assess how the laissez-faire leadership style correlate teacher job performance. This study employed descriptive research design and mixed research approach. It comprised a sample of 69 teachers and 7 school heads. Data were collected through Questionnaires and Interviews and findings were; autocratic leadership has the most prominent influence on teacher job performance in remote schools. While a laissez-faire approach also appears to have a positive influence, it was not statistically significant in this context. The democratic leadership style did not achieve statistical significance. However, it's important to acknowledge that leadership styles' effectiveness can vary based on the context, and a balanced approach considering the unique needs of the remote school areas in Uvinza District Council is essential for optimal teacher performance and overall educational outcomes. The study recommends that leaders should prioritize targeted training and development. While acknowledging the influence of autocratic leadership, leaders must exercise this style judiciously, promoting collaboration and teacher involvement. It concludes that effective leadership greatly influences teacher job performance, and leadership styles promoting interactive and participatory teaching methods enhance classroom activity and teacher job performance Regular evaluation, resource allocation for collaborative initiatives, and fostering a culture of respect and empowerment are essential for improving student outcomes in these remote educational settings.
Keywords: Leadership Styles, Remote Secondary Schools, Teacher Job Performance, Democratic, Autocratic, and Lazier Fai
Effects of Sexual Corruption on Academic Performance of Students in Tanzania: A Case of Moshi Cooperative University & Mwenge Catholic University of Moshi Municipality.
Get PDFThe study examined the effects of sexual corruption on academic performance of students in Moshi Cooperative University & Mwenge Catholic University of Moshi municipality. Specifically, it examined the influence of reducing test scores; assessed the influence of non-compliance with class activities; and examined the influence of harassment to female students in sex on academic performance of students. Pragmatic philosophy; cross-sectional design and a mixed approach were used. A population that involved deans of students, female students, male and female lecturers to obtain a sample size of 82 respondents was selected using cluster sampling where questionnaire and interview guide were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out to obtain the relationship among variables. The findings indicated that, reducing test scores as the result of sexual corruption in HLIs on students’ academic performance rendered students obtain forged certificates that do not enable student’s innovations and creativity at works; thus creating low learning environment of students and eroding the foundation of quality education. More so, non-compliance with class activities resulted into cheating on exams and being favoured. Furthermore, the influence of harassment to female students in sex resulted into lowering class ranking on students’ performance and accelerating performance anxiety for students in Moshi Cooperative University & Mwenge Catholic University of Moshi municipality. It is concluded that sexual corruption erodes the foundation of quality education and recommends a need to enhance measures in preventing incidents, strengthening procedures for handling and managing sexual corruption complaints in HLIs is important.
Key Words: Sexual Corruption; Academic Performance; Students; Higher Learning Institutions
Factors Affecting Non-Performing Loans in Banking Sector in Tanzania.
Get PDFThe study determined the factors affecting non-performing loans in Tanzania's banking sector. Specifically, the study determined the influence of inflation on non-performing loans, the influence of liquidity on non-performing loans, the influence of gross domestic product on non-performing loans, and the influence of capital adequacy on non-performing loans in Tanzania. The study used a descriptive research design and secondary data that covered the period from 2019 to 2023. Correlation and multiple regression analysis analyzed the data using STATA software. The results showed that liquidity had a significant impact on non-performing loans. Also, the results showed that inflation significantly influenced non-performing loans. Moreover, the results showed that gross domestic product significantly influenced non-performing loans. Likewise, the results showed that capital adequacy did not significantly influence non-performing loans. The study recommends that the Bank of Tanzania increase its GDP monitoring framework while assessing the soundness and stability of the country's banking sector. Furthermore, the study recommends that commercial banks keep their liquidity ratio at the required rate, which will reduce the NPL ratio. The study suggests that efficient loan management should be a priority. Furthermore, inflation should be controlled to promote a more stable economic climate that supports borrowers' financial health by lowering the risk of non-performing loans.
Keywords: Factors, Non-Performing Loans, Banking Sector, Tanzani
Role of Technology Transfer on the Growth of Micro and Small Catering Enterprises in Dar Es Salaam Region, Tanzania.
Get PDFThe main objective of the study was to investigate the role of technology transfer in the growth of MSEs in Catering in Tanzania. This study employed a descriptive research design with both a qualitative and quantitative approach. The population of the study was 11,380 licensed Catering MSEs in Dar Es Salaam City. A total of 216 respondents were picked through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a questionnaire with both closed-ended and open-ended questions. The data obtained in the study was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) (version 21) with the aid of the Microsoft Excel computer package. Data were presented using frequency distribution tables. The study established that the transfer of production skills, equipment, knowledge, and processes had a positive effect on the growth of micro and small catering enterprises in Dar Es Salaam City, Tanzania. Growth was measured in terms of profit margin, increase in employees, increase in customers, new outlets, and enhancement in the quality of products and services. The study concluded that technology transfer of production skills, equipment, knowledge, and processes had an influence on the growth of micro and small catering enterprises. The study concluded that technology transfer of production skills, equipment, knowledge, and processes had an influence on the growth of micro and small Catering enterprises. The study's recommendations were that the government initiate special capitation through budgetary allocations, develop curriculums that are specific to catering MSEs, and implement policy interventions to facilitate Technology Transfer and promote the growth of micro and small catering enterprises
Uchunguzi wa Maumbo, Maana na Vigezo vya Utoaji Majina ya Asili ya Watu Katika Jamiilugha ya Wagogo.
Get PDFUtafiti huu umechunguza maumbo, maana na vigezo vya utoaji wa majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo. Utafiti uliofanyika ulikuwa na malengo mahususi matatu ambayo ni kuainisha majina ya asili ya watu, kuchanganua maumbo na maana za majina ya asili ya watu na kubainisha vigezo vya utoaji majina ya asili. Utafiti uliongozwa na nadharia mbili ambazo ni nadharia ya Uumbaji ya Sapir, (1958) na nadharia ya Mofolojia Leksika kwa mujibu wa Kiparsky, (1982). Data za utafiti zilikusanywa katika mkoa wa Dodoma, wilaya za Mpwapwa na Chamwino, katika vijiji vinne. Vijiji hivyo ni Mima na Gulwe kutoka katika wilaya ya Mpwapwa pamoja na vijiji vya Mvumi Misheni na Handali kutoka katika wilaya ya Chamwino vilipitiwa na mtafiti. Jumla ya watoa taarifa arobaini na nane (48) walihusika kutoa taarifa zilizohusiana na mada ya utafiti. Watoa taarifa hao waliteuliwa kwa kutumia usampulishaji usonasibu. Data za utafiti zilikusanywa uwandani kwa kutumia mbinu ya mahojiano na majadiliano ya kundi lengwa. Utafiti ulitumia mkabala wa kimaelezo, majedwali na baadhi ya data zilichanganuliwa kwa kutumia michorati. Matokeo ya utafiti yamedhihirisha aina kumi na sita (16) za makundi ya majina na jumla ya majina mia nne sitini na tatu (463) yaliyokusanywa. Utafiti ulibaini kuwepo kwa makundi kumi na tatu (13) ya maumbo kwa kuzingatia aina ya jina husika na namna vijenzi vya jina hilo vilivyopangwa kupitia ngazi Leksia. Vile vile utafiti umeweza kubaini maana za baadhi ya maumbo yaliyounda nomino husika. Maumbo yaliyopatikana yamechanganuliwa kwa kutumia kanuni kumi na tatu (13). Utafiti pia umedhihirisha uwepo wa vigezo kumi na tatu (13) vinavyotumika katika utoaji majina ya asili ya watu kwa jamiilugha ya Wagogo kama lengo mahususi la tatu lilivyobainishwa. Aidha, utafiti huu umependekeza kwa tafiti nyingine kufanyika katika kuchunguza maumbo ya majina kwa kuangalia jinsi mofu zinavyoweza kuathiriana kisemantiki na kisintaskia katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo kwani tafiti hizo zitasaidia watafiti wengine kuifahamu lugha ya Kigogo
Effect of Project Control on Financial Performance: A Case of Scale-Up of Family Planning Projects Implemented by Marie Stopes in Tanzania.
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of project control on the project financial performance citing a case study of the Scaling-up family planning project implemented by Marie Stopes, Tanzania. The samples of 52 purposively selected respondents were selected from different departments engaging directly with the implemented project to which structured questionnaire was distributed for response. The objective of the study was to analyze the effect of project control on financial performance, specifically to analyze the effect of Cost control, schedule control as well as resources control on project financial performance. Collected data were analyze descriptively and the regression analysis to obtain the magnitude and direction of the effect of the variables under the study. Findings from the study revealed that, Budget Control and Schedule Control both had a positive and significant effect on the project financial performance at Marie Stopes with β=0.272, t=2.230, p= 0.011and β=0.346, t= 3.035, p=0.002 respectively. On contrary, the Resource Control was found to have a positive but insignificant effect on tor project financial performance with β=0.232, t=1.279, p= 0.207. The study therefore recommends the effective Project control measures such as Budgeting control by ensuring that all the budgeting process should be adhered to including assigning appropriate cost to every activity and strict management of the assigned budget. Time-frame should be taken into account since it has much effect on the project, the completion delay, the cost overrun are among the outcome of lack of Schedule control. Lastly the appropriate use of resources should be taken into account, both physical and human resource is important for the successful project implementation.
Keywords: Cost Control and Financial Performanc