4473 research outputs found
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Assessment of Factors that Determine who Goes for In-service Training
Get PDFThe study assessed the factors that determine who goes for in-service training: a caseof primary school teachers in Rungwe district. General the study intended to assessthe factors that determined who goes for in services training in Rungwe district forprimary school teachers.Specifically, the study had three objectives which wereexaminingtheperceptionsofprimaryschoolteachersaboutin-servicetraining,identify criteria that are used in selecting primary school teachersfor in-servicetraining and assessing the extent to which these criteria are followed in selection ofprimaryschoolteacherstoattendin-servicetraininginRungweDistrict.Respondentswere 160,consisting of139teachers,15headsofschoolsfrom15public primary schools, 4 Ward Education Coordinator (WEC), 1 School Inspector, 1District Primary Education Officer (DPEO). All participants, except teachers werepurposefully sampled while teachers were randomly sampled. Content analysis wasusedtoanalyzequalitativedatawhilequantitativedatawasanalyzedbyusingMicrosoft officeexcel 2007.During the study it was notedthatprimary schoolteachers perceived in-service training as interconnected with subjects that had severalchallenges to teachers and students but also additional level of education means inservicetrainingisinevitable.Forany developingsociety changesareinevitabletherefore policy reforms must be done regularly.Also employee should developworkers academically and improve their productivity. For the society to developissuesof academicqualificationmust be respectedalways
Social Sciences Curricula Implementation and Community Secondary Schools Students’ Acquisition of Life Skills in Mbeya Region, Tanzania
Get PDFThis study assessed social sciences curricula implementation and community secondary schools students‘ acquisition of life skills in Mbeya region, Tanzania. The objectives of the study were to examine stakeholders‘ perceptions on social sciences curricula implementation and community secondary schools students‘ acquisition of life skills, assess how social science curricula can be employed to enhance students‘ acquisition of life skills, identify the challenges associated with social science curricula implementation and examine the best practices to implement social science curricula and students‘ acquisition of life skills in the schools. The study employed an interpretivism research philosophy, a qualitative research approach, the critical pedagogy theory, and a case study research design. This study had 65 participants consisting of 10 heads of schools, 5 district secondary school education officers, 20
social science subject teachers, 20 head prefects from selected secondary schools, and 10 parents from the schools‘ board members. Data was gathered through interviews, observations, documentary reviews, and focus group discussions. Data was analysed by transcribing field results as acquired by the respective tools, sorting and synthesizing it into categories, and themes. The results established theoretical practices and a mismatch between social science curricula implementation and students‘ acquisition of life skills. The curricula implementation involved implementers like teachers, parents and students. Additionally, the results indicated that there was poor infrastructure that hampered effective implementation of the
curricula. The findings indicated that there was a need to adopt a participatory approach to the teaching and learning processes. The study concludes that students‘ acquisition of life skills was not effective. It recommends a review of social science curricula implementation and improvement of school infrastructure on life skills that students should acquire. The NECTA should review form two pass marks for joining form three.
Keywords: life skills, social sciences curricula, implementation, stakeholder
The Contributions of Internal School Quality Assurance on Enhancing Teaching and Learning Process in Public Primary Schools in Tanzania
Get PDFThis study investigated the contributions of Internal School Quality Assurance (ISQA) on enhancing teaching and learning in primary schools in Chato District, Geita Region in Tanzania. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: to explore teachers’ perception on different activities done by ISQA in primary schools, to assess how Internal School Quality Assurance improves teaching and learning process in primary school and to determine the challenges facing ISQA in executing their functions in primary schools. The study employed qualitative approach with case study research design. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used in selecting 88 participants. Interviews, focus group discussions and documents review were used to collect data. Moreover, data were analysed by thematic method. The findings revealed that ISQA promote professional development. Also, ISQA increased teachers’ commitment for their teaching and preparation of teaching and learning documents. It was further found that teachers had a positive perception on the establishment of the ISQA system although some of them perceived ISQA as a burden to them. Furthermore, effectiveness of ISQA was affected by lack of training on evaluation skills, limited time to execute ISQA programmes, teachers being overloaded, lack of motivation to ISQA members and lack of cooperation from teachers. The study concludes that the ISQA system is the mechanism tool for improving provision of quality education in primary schools despite the challenges impeding the effective operation of its activities. For effective implementation of the ISQA in primary schools, the study recommends that teachers need training for them to be able to execute ISQA key responsibilities and the government needs to deploy primary school teachers including providing teaching and learning materials in schools and motivating teachers.
Key words: Quality education, Internal school quality assurance, Teaching and learning and school self-evaluation
The Influence of Financial Reporting on Financial Performance of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOS) in Dodoma City, Tanzania
Get PDFSavings and Credit Cooperative Societies (SACCOS) are currently a predominant form of external financing for small and micro enterprises in developing countries, including Tanzania. The current study aimed to examine the influence of financial reporting on the financial performance of SACCOS in Dodoma city in Tanzania. The study used an explanatory design with a sample of 38 SACCOS administrators in Dodoma City. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample. Data were collected by using a questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the instrument were observed. Data was analyzed by using a multiple regression model. The findings show that financial reporting practices were found to negatively influence the financial performance of SACCOS in Dodoma City.Furthermore, the two remaining independent variables, financial reporting quality and regulations, were found to influence the financial performance of SACCOS in Dodoma city positively. Based on the study's findings, policymakers must insist on reasonable financial reporting procedures in SACCOS to help them get more profits for the benefit of the members and society. In addition, the study recommends that the SACCOS administration in Dodoma City maintain the usage of current financial reporting regulations as they have been found to support financial performance better. Furthermore, there is a need to re-visit the current financial reporting practices to identify what is going wrong and make some changes to protect the financial performance of SACCOS in Dodoma city.
Keywords: Financial Reporting, Financial Performance, SACCOS, Tanzani
Effectiveness of Balanced Scorecard Performance Management System on Provision of Quality Services.
Get PDFThis study investigated the effectiveness of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) on provision of quality services in selected public organizations in Tanzania. The study was guided by three objectives; to assess the effectiveness of balanced scorecard performance management system, to examine employees' perceptions and to determine the influence of balanced scorecard performance management system on the quality of services in public organizations. A pragmatic research philosophy was used in this study while mixed research approach was employed. The cross-sectional research design was used in this research. 199 sample size was selected through simple random sampling from 3468 population at Tanzania Revenue Authority, Medical Stores Department, Tanzania National Electric Supply Company and National Social Security Fund. Moreover, purposive sampling was used to select senior managers from these organizations. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. Analysis was done though content analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study found that BSC tool is more effective compared to previously used tools. Also, the employee’s perception on the effectiveness of BSC tool on provision of quality services is positive. The study strongly recommends that there is a need for the government and private organisations to adopt BSC as an effective tool for provision of quality services; There is a need to introduce transformational and collaborative management styles in order to account for quality of services; Organizations should continuously enforce regulations, rules and policies for effective performance.
Keywords: Balanced scorecard, performance management system, quality service
Media Influence on HIV/AIDS Awareness and Response Services.
Get PDFThis study examined the extent to which media campaign on HIV/AIDS awareness had impacted the community to respond to HIV/AIDS interventions. The general objective of the study was to assess media influence on HIV/AIDS awareness and response services with special reference to a selected HIV/AIDS support centre in Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania. The study was guided by the following specific objectives:
identification of the media strategies devised towards enhancing response to HIV/AIDS services, examination of whether there were available media resources, tools,
programmes and infrastructures sufficient to be used for awareness on HIV/AIDS and services. The third specific objective assessed the challenges that result from media
facing members of the community while responding to HIV/AIDS services. The study used exploratory approach whereby non-probability purposive sampling was used to enroll the participants. Study findings showed that mass media used different strategies to reach the community for increasing awareness on HIV/AIDS and response services. Further, findings indicated the presence of supportive infrastructures for media to perform their duties in terms of the availability of tools and programmes and increased
of the community awareness in the reduction of stigma and discrimination to people living with HIV/AIDS. Conclusively, the study has identified that media has helped to reach majority of people within a short period of time. The study recommends that, an emphasis must be kept on the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis and Post exposure prophylaxis to reduce the risk of transmission in vulnerable environment, increase
content for increasing the awareness of using ART‟s and the mass media content creators have to conduct a thorough research before releasing the content.
Keywords: Media Influence, HIV/AIDs Awareness, HIV/AIDS Response Services, Ubungo
HIV/AID
Effects of Workplace Stress on Employee Performance
Get PDFWork stress encompasses the physical, emotional, and mental strain experienced by employees as a result of various work-related pressures, demands, and challenges. This can significantly impact an individual's well-being and job performance, influencing overall productivity, job satisfaction, and the quality of work. Therefore, this study
delves into the repercussions of job stress on employee performance, conducting its investigation at Kalambo District Council in collaboration with district council staff and department heads. This study is guided by three specific objectives: identifying the root causes of work-related stress, assessing its effects on employee performance, and proposing effective strategies for alleviating this stress. A total of 63 participants were
selected to provide valuable insights toward achieving these research goals. The study employed two distinct data collection methods: a questionnaire distributed to 50
employees at Kalambo District Council, and interviews conducted with 13 department heads representing various departments within the council. The collected data was
analyzed using qualitative techniques, wherein descriptive analysis was applied to the questionnaire responses, and content analysis was utilized for the qualitative interview
data. The research findings unveil a range of factors contributing to workplace stress, including extended working hours, heavy workloads, interpersonal conflicts, inequitable
treatment from superiors, working under pressure, instances of harassment, job insecurity, fear of termination, financial concerns, and family-related challenges. The
complications of this stress encompass diminished productivity, reduced morale, increased absenteeism, diminished interest in work, strained work relationships, job dissatisfaction, incomplete tasks and personal life difficulties management.
Keywords: Stress, Workplace Stress, Employee Performance, Task Performanc
Kuchunguza Mafanikio na Changamoto za wahitimu wa Kilibya wa shahada za juu za Kiswahili
Get PDFUtafiti huu ulichunguza mafanikio na changamoto za wahitimu wa Kilibya wa shahada za juu za Kiswahili na kupendekeza mikakati ya kukuza na kuendeleza Kiswahili katika nchi ya Libya. Malengo mahususi yalikuwa manne ambayo ni kubainisha mafaniko ya wahitimu wa Kilibya wa shahada za juu za Kiswahili, kufafanua changamoto zinazowakabili wahitimu wa Kilibya wa shahada za juu za Kiswahili, kuelezea namna ya kutatua changamoto zinazowakabili wahitimu wa Kilibya wa shahada za juu za Kiswahili na kupendekeza mikakati ya kukuza na kuendeleza Kiswahili katika nchi ya Libya. Data za utafiti zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu za usaili, hojaji na upitiaji wa nyaraka na kuchambuliwa kwa kutumia mkabala wa kimaelezo. Matokeo ya utafiti yamebainisha mafanikio waliyopata wahitimu ni pamoja na kupata kazi ya uhadhiri katika vyuo vikuu nchini Libya, kuandika vitabu na makala za Kiswahili, kuajiriwa katika wizara na balozi, kujiajiri katika ujasiriamali na biashara ndogondogo, kukuza utengamano, kupatikana kwa maprofesa wa Kiswahili wa Kilibya, uongozi katika chuo kikuu na idara na kujenga ushirikiano na vyuo vikuu nya ndani na nje ya nchi. Changamoto wanazokumbana nazo ni kukosekana kwa kamusi ya Kiswahili Kiarabu, tatizo la umilisi wa lugha ya Kiswahili, uhaba wa machapisho ya Kiswahili, kuondoka kwa walimu wazawa wa Kiswahili katika nchi ya Libya, muda wa masomo kuwa mfinyu na ukosefu wa ajira. Utatuzi wa changamoto hizi ni kuandika kamusi ya Kiswahili na Kiarabu kwa kushirikiana na wabobezi wa kamusi, kupata muktadha mpana wa matumizi ya Kiswahili ili kukuza umilisi, kuandika machapisho ya Kiswahili yenye muktadha wa Kilibya, kuwarudisha walimu wazawa wa Kiswahili katika nchi ya Libya, kuongeza muda wa masomo na kujiajiri ili kukabiliana na ukosefu wa ajira rasmi. Mikakati ya kukuza na kuendeleza Kiswahili ambayo imependekezwa ni pamoja na kuanzisha chombo cha kusimamia Kiswahili, kuanzisha idhaa ya Kiswahili katika shirika la utangazaji la Libya, kurudisha somo la Kiswahili katika elimu ya sekondari, kuanzisha chama cha wanataaluma wa Kiswahili, kuandaa matamasha ya sanaa na utamaduni, kufunguwa ubalozi wa Tanzania nchini Libya na kuunda sera ya lugha ya Kiswahili nchini Libya
Budgetary Control Processes in The Performance of Public Organization in Tanzania
Get PDFThis study was conducted at Dodoma Urban water supply and Sanitation Authority (DUWASA) to assess the budgetary control process in the performance of public organization of Tanzania. The specific objectives were; to examine the staff
involvement in the components of the budgetary control processes at DUWASA; to assess staff awareness on the impact of budgetary control process towards organization performance at DUWASA; to identify obstacles that hinder budgetary control processes in enhancing organization at DUWASA; to explore core strategic used to make budgetary control processes effective at DUWASA Interview, questionnaire and document review were used to collect primary data from a sample of 70 DUWASA employees. A cross-sectional research design was used whereby simple random sampling technique was used to identify respondents. It was
concluded that most 98.6% of the respondents agreed that budgetary control process support organization performance by increasing efficiency 57.1% while only 1.4% did not agreed to the statement that budgetary control process support the organization performance and most 52.9% of respondents were involved in the budget process compared to those who are not involved corresponding to 47.1%. Moreover, insufficient water supply (37.1%), slow pace outstanding bills (25.7%) and the directives from the leaders (1.4%) are the obstacles hindering the budget control processes in public organization. The study is highly recommending public
organizations to strengthen budget control processes and increase employees’ involvement in budget processes for better public organization performances.
Keywords: Budgetary Control, Performance, Public Organizations, Water
of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Households’ Income of Tourism Dependent Communities Around Ikona Wildlife Management Area, Serengeti District, Tanzania
Get PDFThis study focused on the effects of COVID-19 on the households’ income of tourism dependent communities around Ikona WMA. Three specific objectives were used in this study that is, to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on households’ income; labour demand; and small-scale enterprises of the tourism dependent communities. The sample size was 226 respondents. The study employed a cross-sectional study design and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Both purposive and random sampling techniques were used. Questionnaires, interview guide, site observation, focus group discussion meetings and documentary reviews were used to collect data from respondents. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS statistics version 20 and content analysis. The study revealed that the decline of households’ income could be attributed to business closure, employees’ unpaid leave, compulsory leave and few hours of work. It was also revealed that low labour demand resulted to loss of jobs, reduced wages, and delayed salary payments. The effects of COVID-19 on small-scale enterprises resulted to low demand for tourism products/services, diminished operation capacity and variation in tastes and preferences of tourists, which ultimately resulted to the decline of households’ income. The study recommended that government should promote domestic tourism and encourage local communities to diversify their sources of income. The study concludes that the effects of COVID-19 cut across all sectors of economy however; tourism sector and the communities’ dependent on tourism sector were the most affected.
Keywords: Communities, COVID-19, household income, tourism, Serengeti Distric