4473 research outputs found
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Influence of Parental Perception on Pupils’ Participation in School Extracurricular Activities: A Case of Selected Primary Schools in Mbulu Town Council.
No full textThis study explored the influence of parents' perceptions on pupils' participation in extracurricular activities within the Mbulu Town Council. It aimed to investigate the rate
of pupils' participation, examine parental knowledge about the contribution of extracurricular activities to academic achievement, explore the types of support parents provide, and analyze how this support affects participation levels. A mixed-methods approach with a convergent parallel design was employed, gathering data through semi structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and documentary reviews. The study involved 150 respondents from four primary schools, utilizing stratified sampling for students and purposive sampling for school personnel.
Findings revealed that students participate more in extracurricular activities listed on the school timetable. Parents recognize the benefits of participation, particularly regarding school attendance retention, talent development, and practical skill acquisition. However, pupils receive limited parental support concerning facilities, tools, activity
choices, and financial assistance. To enhance student participation, the study recommends that schools collaborate more actively with parents by establishing communication channels, organizing parent education programs, and involving them in decision-making. Primary schools should prioritize inclusive practices and provide ongoing professional development for teachers to effectively organize and promote
extracurricular activities.
Keywords: Parental perception, extracurricular activities, pupils‟ participation, primary school
The Role of Social Work Interventions in Reducing the Psychological Impact of Violence against Children in Tanzania: A Case of Kigoma Municipality.
No full textThis study examined the role of social workers in reducing the psychological Impact of violence against children in Kigoma Municipality, Tanzania. The research was guided by Attachment Theory and Ecological Systems Theory, which provided insights into how children are affected by violence and how social work
interventions can promote psychological recovery. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing a case study design to gain in-depth understanding of the issue. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and documentary reviews from a purposively selected sample of social workers, child protection officers, parents, teachers, children, and community members. The study
used thematic analysis, facilitated by NVivo software, to identify recurring patterns and themes. Findings revealed that violence against children in Kigoma leads to significant psychological effects, including anxiety, depression, trauma, low self esteem, and behavioral problems. Social workers employ various interventions such as psychosocial counseling, community sensitization, family involvement, and referrals to support services. However, their efforts are constrained by challenges such as limited resources, cultural barriers, lack of inter-agency coordination, and high caseloads. The study recommends strengthening trauma-informed care, enhancing inter-sectoral collaboration, increasing investment in child protection services, and continuous capacity building for social workers. The findings underscore the critical role of social workers in addressing the mental health needs of
child survivors and call for systemic improvements to enhance their effectiveness.
Keywords: Social workers, psychological impact, violence against children, child protection, qualitative, ecological theory
The Effects of Passion for Work on Individual Work Performance of Medical Research Institutions Employees in Tanzania.
No full textThe purpose of this study was to assess the effects of passion for work on employees’ work performance among employees of medical research institutions in Tanzania. Specifically, the study assessed the level of passion for work and determined the effect of its two dimensions of harmonious and obsessive passion for work on employees’ work performance among employees in medical research organizations in Tanzania. The study was illuminated by the self-determination theory. Guided by the positivism philosophy with a deductive research approach, the study employed a quantitative method with an explanatory research design. A cross-sectional survey strategy was used where a structured questionnaire link (through Google Forms, was shared with the intended population of all 180 employees through their emails and WhatsApp group accounts. In total, 140 questionnaires were individually received and qualified for data analysis. A linear multiple regression analysis technique was used to test the two hypotheses and sub-hypotheses of the study after the model's underlying assumptions were tested and satisfied. The results showed employees exhibited a high passion for work (harmonious and obsessive) and individual work performance (task, contextual, adaptive and counterproductive work behaviour). Harmonious passion for work significantly positively affected the overall employee performance and its dimensions of task, contextual and adaptive performance but negatively the employees counterproductive work behaviour. Obsessive work performance was found to have a positive and significant effect on employees’ counterproductive work behaviour. The conclusion, therefore, is that the more employees are harmoniously passionate about their work the more they perform and the lesser their likelihood of engaging in counterproductive work behaviour. The study recommends organizations to inculcate working environments that promote passion for work among employees.
Keywords: passion for work, individual work performance, medical institution employees, Tanzania
Role of Good Governance Practice in Service Delivery: Case of Tanzania Police Force in Dodoma City.
No full textThis study examined the role of good governance practices in enhancing service delivery within the Tanzania Police Force (TPF), focusing on Dodoma City. Guided by Systems Theory, which views institutions as interconnected systems where openness, feedback, and interdependence are essential for effective functioning, the study sought to: (i) examine the extent of adherence to good governance practices, (ii) assess the level of satisfaction with facilities supporting police service delivery, and (iii) identify barriers facing the TPF and possible mitigation strategies. A cross-sectional research design was employed, with data collected from 84 respondents through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed low adherence to key good governance principles, particularly equity and inclusiveness, accountability, and transparency. Police officers reported widespread dissatisfaction with available facilities, especially regarding resources to handle crimes on time, promote transparency and reduce nepotism and favoritism. Major barriers undermining service delivery included inadequate financial support, limited cooperation from local communities’ reliance on forged information, and low implementation capacity. The study concludes that the limited practice of good governance in Dodoma City weakens police legitimacy and reduces service effectiveness. To address these issues, it recommends: increasing financial and facility support to the police force, strengthening accountability and transparency mechanisms, adopting technology and data-driven policing, enhancing professional training and building stronger community engagement.
Keywords: Good Governance, Facilities, Police Forc
The Role of EFM Radio’s ‘Mziki Mnene’ Campaign in Creating Awareness on the Importance of COVID-19 Vaccines in Tanzania.
No full textThe research aimed to evaluate the contributions of EFM Radio’s Mziki Mnene Campaign in creating awareness regarding the importance of COVID-19 vaccinations in Tanzania. The specific objectives included investigating the content of EFM Radio’s Mziki Mnene Campaign in fostering awareness regarding the significance of COVID-19 vaccinations; assessing the extent to which Mziki Mnene aided in promoting awareness of COVID-19 in Tanzania; and analyzing the challenges faced by EFM in executing the campaign. The research was informed by the agenda-setting theory, utilized in conjunction with constructivist philosophy and a case study methodology. The population under consideration comprised 123,441 individuals, from which a sample size of 103 was derived utilizing two distinct sampling methodologies: simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The collection of data was conducted through the utilization of questionnaires, interviews, and the examination of relevant documents. The principal discoveries indicated that the Mziki Mnene campaign of EFM Radio significantly contributed to raising awareness regarding the importance of COVID-19. The use of expert discussion, local storytelling, real-life testimonies and interactive street dialogues ensured that the campaign resonated with urban, Peri-urban and grassroots communities. By incorporating music, cultural elements and social issues, Mziki Mnene successfully made vaccinations a mainstream topic of discussion rather than just a health directive. This study recommends that to improve the effectiveness of public health campaigns like Mziki Mnene, future initiative should focus on expanding outreach beyond urban areas by utilizing community radio stations, mobile outreach teams and local influencers.
Keywords: EFM Radio, Mziki Mnene Campaign, Covid 19 Vaccination
An Analysis of Legal, Institutional and Practical Challenges During Registration of Trademarks in Mainland Tanzania.
No full textThis study examines the legal, institutional, and practical challenges during trademark registration in mainland Tanzania, with a particular focus on administrative inefficiency and the absence of effective control mechanisms in the existing trademark legislation. It employs a mixed methodology combining doctrinal, empirical, and benchmark analysis and draws on primary data from legislation and secondary data from interviews with key stakeholders, including legal practitioners, trademark owners, and officials from the Business Registration and Licensing Agency (BRELA). The findings reveal significant gaps within the legislative framework and administrative processes, underscoring the need for urgent reform. The analysis shows that the Trade and Service Marks Act of 1986, inherited from colonial-era laws, grants the Registrar broad powers without establishing specific timeframes for essential administrative actions such as examination, advertisement, and registration. This lack of regulatory oversight has resulted in prolonged delays, which disadvantage service seekers, hinder business innovation, and create opportunities for corrupt practices. The study further explores the incompatibility of Tanzania's trademark regime with international frameworks such as the Madrid Agreement and its Protocol, as well as the regional system under the African Regional Intellectual Property Organisation (ARIPO). It concludes by proposing targeted amendments to introduce time-bound administrative provisions and establish legal or judicial remedies for undue delays. Additionally, it recommends harmonising national law with international and regional standards to facilitate trademark registration beyond domestic borders. Adoption of these reforms would enhance efficiency, transparency, and competitiveness within Tanzania's trademark system, benefitting both
the business community and the national economy
Evaluating Initiatives to Enhance Parental Involvement: The Role of School Leaders and Teachers.
No full textThis study investigated the role of school leadership and teacher practices in supporting parental involvement in Tanzanian secondary schools. Guided by transformational leadership theory, it explored the roles of head teachers and teachers in fostering family participation in education. A quantitative design was used, involving 500 parents and 317 teachers from public secondary schools in Temeke and Kigamboni districts of Dar es Salaam. Data were collected using reliable instruments, including the Parental Involvement Questionnaire (PIQ), Teacher Invitations for Parental Involvement Questionnaire (TIPIQ), and Transformational Leadership for Parental Involvement Questionnaire (TLPIQ) (α > .85). Results showed that parents were most engaged in home-based support, such as helping with learning, while participation in school-based and decision-making activities was limited. Correlation and regression analyses revealed positive associations between transformational leadership, teacher invitations, and parental self-efficacy. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) indicated that school leadership relates to parental involvement indirectly through teacher invitations and parental self-efficacy. Barriers such as low education, financial challenges, and weak communication were also identified. Despite these, mutual trust between parents and schools offers potential for stronger collaboration. The study recommends leadership reforms, targeted teacher training, and inclusive communication strategies to promote sustainable school–family partnerships.
Keywords: Parental Involvement, Transformational School Leadership, Teacher Invitations, Self-Efficacy, School-Family Relationship
An Assessment of Personnel Records Management Practices in Selected Tanzanian Training Institutes: A Case Study of LGTI, MNMA, and DMI.
No full textThis study assessed personnel records management practices at three Tanzanian tertiary institutions. They include the Local Government Training Institute (LGTI), Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy (MNMA), and Dar es Salaam Maritime Institute (DMI). Specifically, the study aimed to: identify the types of personnel records available; examine the systems used for managing these records; evaluate the awareness of records officers regarding confidentiality; and explore the challenges faced in managing personnel records, while proposing potential solutions. The study population comprised 54 individuals, with data collected from 48 respondents, including 13 Records Officers, 15 Secretaries, and 20 Human Resource Officers, selected through purposive and convenience sampling. Data collection methods included standardized questionnaires (with both closed and open-ended questions), interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.0, while qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Findings revealed that personnel records are managed using both manual and computerized systems. However, several challenges were identified, including the absence of a formal records management policy, inadequate infrastructure for electronic records, breaches of confidentiality, failure to follow standard procedures, a shortage of trained personnel, and insufficient management support. The study concludes that collaborative efforts between the government and the institutions (LGTI, MNMA, and DMI) are essential to address these challenges. It recommends allocating sufficient budgetary resources for record management infrastructure, recruiting ICT-competent personnel, and providing regular training to enhance staff awareness and skills in managing and safeguarding personnel records.
Keywords: Personnel records, Records management, Electronic records, Tertiary institutions, Records officers, Human Resource Officers, Secretaries
The Role of National Social Security Program on Poverty Reduction of Informal Sector Workers in Tanzania: A Case of Masasi District.
No full textThis study investigated the role of the National Social Security Funds (NSSF) in poverty reduction among workers in the informal sector in Tanzania, focusing on three key components: loan services, old-age pensions, and medical benefits. The research followed a positivism research philosophy and employed a deductive approach with an explanatory research design. Data were collected from a sample of 398 informal sector workers in Masasi district, with 316 respondents completing the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistic and multiple linear regression through IBM-SPSS version 29.0 software. The findings revealed that NSSF loan services have a statistically significant positive relationship with poverty reduction, suggesting that loan services are crucial in improving financial stability and reducing poverty among informal workers. However, the study found a weak positive relationship between NSSF old-age pensions and poverty reduction, indicating that the current pension scheme is inadequate to provide meaningful financial security for informal sector workers in old age. Regarding medical benefits, the study found a significant positive impact on poverty reduction, highlighting the importance of healthcare coverage in alleviating financial burdens. In conclusion, while the NSSF program contributes to poverty reduction, its impact varies across its components. Strengthening loan access, expanding medical benefits, and restructuring the pension system are recommended to enhance the program’s effectiveness.
Keywords: National Social Security Program, Poverty Reduction, Informal Sector, Loan Services, Medical Benefits
Optimizing Management Approaches for Unclaimed Financial Assets: A Comprehensive Analysis of Pension Funds in Tanzania.
No full textThe main objective of this study was to critically assess the management of unclaimed financial assets in Tanzania, with emphasis on pension funds. The study focused on four key objectives: to assess the current state of unclaimed financial assets, analyze management strategies, examine the regulatory framework, and propose strategies for improvement. Findings indicated that unclaimed financial assets, particularly at NSSF, are rising annually at an alarming rate. To address this, management has implemented measures such as member communication, identification of beneficiaries, system integration, stakeholder engagement, and training of fund managers. Despite the presence of legal and regulatory frameworks, their implementation remains weak, limiting effectiveness. The study further observed that current management strategies, though useful, are inadequate to curb the growing challenge. Limited technological adoption and weak enforcement of regulations contribute to inefficiency. The study emphasized the potential of modern tools, especially data analytics, in tracing beneficiaries and enhancing transparency. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks, ensuring active stakeholder participation, and promoting the use of advanced technologies to manage unclaimed assets. It also urges NSSF to adopt proactive approaches by tracing and notifying beneficiaries instead of relying on claims. Establishing a transparent and user-friendly digital database was also recommended to facilitate timely access and accountability. In conclusion, effective management of unclaimed financial assets requires a comprehensive strategy that combines robust regulation, active collaboration, and technological innovation to safeguard pension funds and protect beneficiaries’ rights