4473 research outputs found
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The Influence of Leadership Styles on Pupils’ Academic Performance in Tanzania: A Case of Primary School in Kilindi District.
No full textThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of leadership styles on pupils’ academic performance in primary schools in Kilindi District. The study specifically identified the type of leadership styles employed by the head teachers in selected Primary Schools in Kilindi District. The study then assessed teachers’ perceptions on the types of leadership styles applied in primary schools in Kilindi district. Moreover, the study examined the extent to which these leadership styles affect pupil’s performance in primary schools in Kilindi district. Then, adequate leadership style in achieving better school performance in primary school has been determined. This study employed a mixed methods approach and based on survey research design, data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews. The quantitative data collected were analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences software using descriptive analysis. While qualitative data from interviews and documentary reviews were analyzed through content analysis. The study confirmed that participatory leadership styles were used by school heads in Kilindi District schools. Democratic leadership style demonstrated to have a positive influence on academic performance of the pupils in Kilindi District. The study recommends the use of participatory leadership styles for academic sustainability. The study concluded that primary school performance requires school heads to adopt democratic leadership style.
Keywords: Leadership Styles, Academic Performance, Primary Schools, Democratic, Tanzania
The Effect of Charitable Aid on Quality of Community Health Services: A Case of Mwanzange and Msufini Elders’ camp in Tanga, Tanzania.
No full textThis study aimed to assess the effect of charitable aid on the quality of community healthcare services, focusing on elder individuals (aged 60 and above) in Tanga Region, Tanzania. The primary objective was to evaluate the extent to which elder individuals are involved in decision-making regarding healthcare services offered by charitable institutions, to examine the adequacy of healthcare provided through charitable aid, and to investigate the influence of cultural beliefs and practices on elderly people's access to healthcare services. The study adopted a quantitative research approach, utilizing structured questionnaires for data collection. A sample size of 124 research subjects were randomly selected from two elders’ camps, Mwanzange and Msufini, participated in the study. The study guided by Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Theory. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), employing descriptive statistics and inferential analysis. The study found that the involvement of elder individuals in decision making processes was significantly related to their satisfaction with healthcare services provided by charitable institutions. It also showed that charitable aid was meeting the healthcare needs of the elders to a reasonable extent, though gaps in service provision were identified. Additionally, the study revealed that cultural beliefs and practices posed challenges in accessing healthcare services. The study concludes that more inclusive and culturally sensitive interventions are needed and recommends that policymakers, healthcare providers, and aid organizations strengthen healthcare support for the elderly population.
Keywords: Charitable Aid, Community Health Services, Quality, Healthcare
Kuchunguza Saikolojia ya Mhusika na Mbinu za Kisanaa katika Riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad.
No full textSaikolojia ya mhusika katika riwaya ya Kiswahili ni mada inayovutia katika macho ya msomaji na masikio ya msikilizaji hasa anapobaini kuwa riwaya iliyotafitiwa ni Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad. Lengo kuu la utafiti huu lilikuwa ni kuchunguza saikolojia ya mhusika katika riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad. Lengo hili lilivunjwa katika malengo mahususi mawili ambayo yalikuwa ni kubainisha mambo yanaoibua saikolojia ya mhusika Siti katika riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad na kuchambua mbinu za kisanaa zilizotumika kuibua saikolojia ya mhusika Siti katika riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad. Data za utafiti zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu za usomaji makini na upitiaji wa nyaraka maktabani. Matokeo ya utafiti yanabainisha kuwa katika riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad saikolojia ya mhusika Siti inajitokeza katika masuala ya maisha ya dhiki kijijini, changamoto ya elimu, kupambana na mila na desturi, moyo wa kujaribu, ubunifu wa Siti na kutokukata tamaa katika maisha. Ndani ya mambo haya matano kunajitokeza saikolojia ya mhusika wa Siti. Kwa upande wa mbinu za kisanaa matokeo ya utafiti yanaonyesha kuwa kuna matumizi ya tashibiha, sitiari, nyimbo na mtindo. Katika utafiti huu tumetumia nadharia ya Saikolojia Changanuzi kuchambua data za utafiti na kushadadia hoja zilizotokana na matokeo ya utafiti. Mapendekezo Utafiti zaidi kuhusu saikolojia ya mhusika au wahusika unaweza kufanywa katika riwaya za watunzi mbalimbali ili kutoa picha kamili ya saikolojia ya wahusika katika riwaya ya Kiswahili. Pia wahusika wengine katika riwaya ya Wasifu wa Siti Binti Saad walivyochangia katika kujenga saikolojia ya mhusika Siti ambaye ni mhusika mkuu katika riwaya hiyo
Assessment of Passengers' Expectations on the Airport Services Quality: A Case of Julius Nyerere International Airport.
No full textPassenger expectations and perceptions of airport service quality in Tanzania remain underexplored, despite their importance to satisfaction and industry growth. This study examined service quality at Julius Nyerere International Airport (JNIA), focusing on airline service dimensions, airport facilities, ticket pricing, and overall passenger satisfaction. A mixed-methods approach was employed with 100 purposively and randomly selected respondents. Data were collected through documentary review, interviews, focus group discussions, questionnaires, and direct observations. Qualitative findings were thematically analyzed, while quantitative data were examined descriptively using frequencies, percentages, and cross-tabulations with SPSS version 22. Results show that 84.7% of passengers’ expectations were met, 92.6% expressed satisfaction with airport facilities, and 76.9% were satisfied with pricing and charges. The study concludes that enhancing airport facilities and reducing fares can improve passenger convenience, increase air traffic at JNIA, and contribute to strengthening Tanzania’s air transport sector and economic development. Future research may further assess the performance of airport service providers.
Keywords: Passengers expectations, Passenger’s Perception, Airport Service Quality
Characterisation and the Construction of the Main Characters Personality in Watoto wa Maman’tilie and Daladala kutoka Mbagala.
No full textThis study examined characterisation and the construction of the main characters’ personality in Mbogo’s Watoto wa Maman’tilie and Shekinyashi’s Daladala Kutoka Mbagala to understand personality portrayal and cultural context through characterisation. The specific objectives of this study are: to identify the main characters characterisation in Watoto wa Maman’tilie and Daladala Kutoka Mbagala; to identify personality traits in characterisation of the main characters in the selected texts and examining the role of characterisation in the construction of personality of the main characters in two novels. This is a qualitative study which used Psychoanalytic Theory by Sigmund Freud and Narrative Theory as theoretical framework for textual analysis and interpretation of characters’ expressions and personality in novels. In achieving these objectives, the researcher collected data using a close reading of the two novels. The study used textual analysis as a method to systematically analyse and interpret the content of the collected data. The two novels illustrate that characterisation defines personalities, drives the plot, and fosters reader engagement, essential for narrative depth. Peter and Fikara, impoverished schoolchildren, are portrayed as aspiring to study hard to escape their challenging, poverty-stricken homes. The study suggests that constructing main characters’ personalities enhances narrative depth and engagement. It is recommended that authors use characterisation to inspire readers, promote understanding, and encourage positive behavioural change.
Keywords: Characterization, main character, minor character, personalit
Assessing the Impacts of School Feeding Programme on Improving Pupils Academic Performance in Public Primary Schools in Bariadi Town Council, Tanzania.
No full textThis study assessed the impact of school feeding programme on improving pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools in Bariadi Town Council, Tanzania” It was conducted in Bariadi Town Council, Simiyu Region in Tanzania. Specifically, the study guided by the following objectives: to explore the contexts under which SFP is implemented in Public Primary schools, to examine the impact of SFP on improving pupils’ academic performance in public primary schools, and to identify the challenges facing the implementation of SFP in public primary schools. This study employed pragmatism research paradigm, mixed research approach and convergent research design. The study comprised of 211 respondents from 5 public primary schools. The researcher employed both probability and non-probability sampling technique, and instruments used for the data collection were questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussion (FGD) and documentary review. The findings revealed that SFP were an effective tool in enhancing academic performance of pupils and they were shown to have a positive impacts in different modalities included, the increased time for learning at the school to pupils, improved pupils’ involvement in the classroom lessons. Based on the findings, the conclusion made revealed that, the provision of meals in public primary schools is the responsibility of parents/guardians in collaboration with the education partners. It is recommended that the provision of meals in public primary schools is the responsibility of parents/guardians in collaboration with the education partners. Thus, the mobilization of all these stakeholders for implementation and stability of SFP is mandatory and should not be a onetime activity.
Keywords: School feeding program, academic performance, School dropout, School enrolment, Public schoo
Assessment of Production and Reproduction Performance of Selected Rabbit Breeds Reared under an Intensive System in Zanzibar.
No full textThis study investigated rabbit production practices and the performance of selected rabbit breeds under intensive rearing systems in Zanzibar, Tanzania. A cross-sectional survey of 390 farmers from three districts revealed that 48.2% (188) practiced rabbit rearing, with the majority of owners (53.2%, 102) preferring medium-sized breeds and employing intensive management (60.2%, 113). Green grass was the predominant feed source (88.6%, 165) among farmers. Concurrently, a feeding trial evaluated 36 weaned does (30 days old) from New Zealand White, California, and Chinchilla breeds (n=12 per breed, further subdivided into three groups of four for dietary treatments). Rabbits were fed diets containing 50% of either maize, wheat, or sorghum as the primary energy source. Results indicated significantly higher (p<0.05) body weight gain in New Zealand White rabbits fed the diet with 50% maize (2640g). This breed also performed well on the 50% sorghum diet (2498.3g), followed by Chinchilla on the maize-based diet (2433.3g). Interestingly, no significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in carcass weight and dressing percentages. While the results on meat sensory evaluation showed that consumers did not rate meat very tough or tough across rabbit breeds or diets, 28(56%) having a very good smell and 28(56%) having a very good flavour for New Zealand fed wheat. The study concluded that energy-rich feeds are suitable for rabbits at different ages, with maize grains demonstrating superior results in terms of growth performance, meat quality, and cost-effectiveness compared to wheat and sorghum. This highlights maize as a highly beneficial feed component for intensive rabbit production in Zanzibar.
Keywords: Energy feeds, growth performance and reproduction performance
Assessment on the Contribution of Print Media on Energy Availability Reports in Tanzania: A Case of Mwananchi and Nipashe Newspapers.
No full textThe study assessed the contribution of Print Media on Energy Availability Reports in Tanzania with reference to Mwananchi and Nipashe Newspapers. The study was guided by the general objective of the research, which was to assess the contribution of print media on energy availability reports by Mwananchi and Nipashe newspapers. The study also had the following specific objectives; to examine coverage of energy issues by Mwananchi and Nipashe Newspapers, to examine
issues covered and the frequency of coverage on energy by Mwananchi and Nipashe Newspapers, to assess the challenges facing Mwananchi and Nipashe newspapers on reporting energy issues and to prose based on (i-iii) the strategic way forward
regarding coverage of energy issues by print media. The study used descriptive research design as a researcher used table work to analyse 192 newspaper copies from both Mwananchi and Nipashe for the period of two years. Purposive sampling
was used to select samples from the particular area for data collection. The study used table work as a data collection tool whereas the findings presented in tables, graphs and charts were analysed through content analysis. Findings indicated that in the total of 192 newspapers from both Nipashe and Mwananchi newspapers, only 90 newspapers (47%) covered energy issues whereby from Mwananchi newspaper out
of 96 copies there were 49 (51%) stories about energy issues while from Nipashe out of 96 copies there were 41 (43%) stories about energy availability. The study recommends that print media have to make some improvements in the coverage of
energy availability reports with the aim of exposing opportunities for investment thus energy issues will be lifted.The study recommends that newsrooms should give their
journalists a prime space on newspapers to publish energy-based stories. Media people should be trained to be competent in energy issues in order for them to report correctly and appropriately.
Keywords: Print Media, Energy Availability, Mwananchi Newspaper, Nipashe Newspaper
Prevailing Challenges Affecting Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanga Urban.
No full textThis study explored the prevailing challenges affecting the performance of Micro, Small, And Medium enterprises (SMEs) in Tanga urban, specifically in Mgandini, Ngamiani, and Streets 15 and 16. The study aimed to assess the impact of procedures
for accessing microcredit services, examine the role of government and nongovernmental organizations in promoting SME growth, evaluate the effects of working capital loans, and investigate the influence of technological change and
innovation on SME performance. The research was guided by Agency Theory and Institutional Behaviour Theory. Data was collected through questionnaires from 50 randomly selected respondents and analyzed using SPSS. Findings revealed that the loan procedures offered by microcredit institutions are often complex and not aligned with the needs of SME owners. Respondents indicated limited support from government institutions in raising awareness and providing relevant business information. Furthermore, inadequate knowledge about technological changes, market dynamics, and microcredit services were major obstacles to business development. Other significant challenges identified include misallocation of funds, rigid credit policies, and poor access to domestic markets. The study concludes that addressing these barriers is essential for SME performance improvement. It recommends regular engagement between SMEs and stakeholders, enhanced
information sharing, and a review of loan policies by financial institutions to better support business growth.
Key words: Capital, technological, training and regulator
Parents’ Literacy on Children Television Viewing Mediation Practice in Tanzania: A Case study of Kibaha Town, Coast Region.
No full textThis study underscored “Parents’ Mediation Literacy on Children’s Television Viewing Practices in Tanzania: A Case Study of Kibaha Town, Coast Region,”. The study examined parents' mediation literacy levels in Kibaha town, Coast region, sources of media literacy education, strategies used to mitigate negative effects while maximizing benefits, and factors influencing their choice of mediation strategies.
Methodologically, it employed a cross-sectional survey design, systematic sampling, interviews, and descriptive analysis using frequency distribution and percentiles. Findings revealed that 94% of parents exhibit low mediation literacy, and 62% lack access to media literacy education. Most parents (72%) rely on restrictive strategies, focusing more on minimizing negative effects than on maximizing benefits. Only
37.6% consider television's benefits when selecting strategies, while 33.6% base their choices on availability at home, and 28.8% on children’s household responsibilities. These factors contribute to the dominance of restrictive mediation, limiting children's access to television's potential benefits. In conclusion, the study highlights that most parents in Kibaha town, Coast region have low mediation
literacy, limiting their ability to effectively mediate their children's television viewing. It recommends that the Government of Tanzania, in collaboration with media literacy stakeholders, initiate projects to develop guidelines and resources for media literacy education.
Keywords: Parents’ Mediation Literacy, Children’s Television Viewing Practices, Tanzani