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Effect of TASAF Interventions on Households’ Livelihood Improvement in Tanzania: A Case of Mbeya District Council.
No full textThe study aimed to assess the effect of Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) interventions on household livelihood improvement in Mbeya District Council. It was guided by three specific objectives: to examine the effect of TASAF on food security among households, to evaluate the contribution of TASAF in improving access to basic services, and to determine the influence of TASAF on household asset ownership. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed. The sample consisted of 146 respondents, selected through purposive and stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The findings revealed that Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF) interventions contributed positively to household livelihood improvement in Mbeya District Council. Food security showed modest progress through enhanced meal frequency, dietary diversity, and reduced negative coping strategies, though the statistical effect was insignificant (p = 0.394). Access to basic services such as sanitation, healthcare, and education improved moderately, constrained by infrastructural and geographic limitations (p = 0.347). Asset ownership demonstrated the strongest and statistically significant effect (p < 0.001), indicating that consistent TASAF support enabled households to acquire productive assets like livestock and farming tools, thereby strengthening long-term economic resilience and promoting sustainable livelihood stability. Qualitative findings supported these results, indicating that beneficiaries experienced improved resilience, empowerment, and community participation, though some challenges persisted, including dependency tendencies and irregular cash transfers. The study concludes that TASAF has positively influenced household welfare, though disparities persist across wards. It recommends strengthening livelihood diversification, improving infrastructure access, and enhancing financial literacy to ensure sustainable livelihood outcomes
Impact of Employee Relations on Organizations Performance in Tanzania: A Case of VETA – Mara Region.
No full textThis study examined the impact of employee relations on organizations performance in VETA – Mara region. The study was guided by following specific objectives; to examine the effect of communication on organizations performance, to examine the effect of employee's engagement on organizations performance and to examine the effect of employee conflict resolution on organizations. The study adopted a positivism research philosophy, Quantitative approach and the explanatory design was used. 186 samples were drawn from a population of 372 using stratified random sampling technique. The questionnaires were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions were used as data analysis instruments. The study found that communication was positive strong and significantly correlated to organizations performance. Employee's engagement was positive strong and significantly correlated to organizations performance and Employee conflict resolution was as well positive strong and significantly correlated to organizations performance. The study concluded that open communication and the seamless exchange of information play a crucial role in enhancing organizational performance. Furthermore, organizations engage employees in the decision-making process and establish formal disciplinary measures to prevent conflicts. The study recommends that organizations need to foster and uphold a supportive mindset toward their employees. They should also ensure effective communication pathways and investigate additional methods to enhance overall organizational performance.
Keywords: Employee relations, Organization Performance, Communication, Employee’s engagement, Employee conflict resolutio
Assessing the Effectiveness of the One Stop Center in Responding to Child Sexual Abuse in Zanzibar:A Case of Chake Chake District Pemba.
No full textThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the One Stop Centre (OSC) in responding to child sexual abuse in Chake Chake District. Specifically, the study evaluated the efficacy of services provided, examined the level of client satisfaction with those services, and identified the key challenges hindering the effectiveness of OSCs in addressing CSA. The study was guided by the Theory of Change and involved a sample of 98 research participants selected through both random and purposive sampling techniques. A pragmatic research philosophy underpinned the descriptive research design. Furthermore, a mixed-methods approach was adopted, utilizing questionnaires and interview guides as data collection tools. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). In the first objective, the study findings revealed some resemblance, differences and discrepancies on services delivery, about 74% indicated that the situation of customer care is not friendly and only 26% said that they appreciated with the customer cure services. In the second objective, the study findings revealed that there is gap between services delivered and the level of satisfaction among clients utilizing services at OSC. Factors such as perceived quality, value for money, and emotional responses play a significant role in determining satisfaction levels, about 57% strongly agreed, 33% agreed, 3% disagree and 7% were undecided. The third objective revealed that, different challenges facing OSC in responding to CSA such as lack of training since has not been provided, for a long time, there are new staff, it is good for them to receive training so that they can deal with CSA cases efficiently.
Key words: Child, Child Sexual Abuse, Services, One Stop Centre
The Role of Community Involvement in Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse in Tanga City Council, Tanzania.
No full textThis study examined the role of community involvement in preventing child sexual abuse (CSA) in Tanga City Council, Tanzania. It aimed to explore community participation in CSA prevention, assess the effectiveness of current initiatives, and identify challenges faced by community members. Guided by system theory and pragmatic philosophy, the study employed a descriptive design and a mixed-method approach. Data were collected from 104 respondents using interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires, analyzed through descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings revealed that 45% of respondents were aware of community campaigns, 24% collaborated with law enforcement, and 31% participated in Child Protection Committees. About 62% agreed that community reporting mechanisms were accessible and practical. However, cultural and social norms (40%) and limited resources (25%) were identified as key barriers to effective prevention. Additional challenges included fear of punishment, inadequate training, and weak coordination with law enforcement. The study concludes that community involvement plays a crucial role in preventing child sexual abuse but remains hindered by limited capacity and poor coordination among stakeholders. It emphasizes the need for continuous community empowerment, awareness creation, and collaboration between community members, government institutions, and non-governmental organizations. The study recommends strengthening community-based programs, increasing government and stakeholder support, and fostering partnerships to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of CSA prevention initiatives in Tanga City.
Keywords: Child, Community Involvement, Child Sexual Abuse, Children
Athari za Mbinu za Kisanaa Katika Ujenzi wa Dhamira za Maigizo: Mifano Kutoka Igizo la Matusi la Madebe Lidai.
No full textUtafiti huu ulimakinikia kuchunguza athari za mbinu za kisanaa zinazotumika katika ujenzi wa dhamira za maigizo. Mifano imetumika kutoka igizo la Matusi. Ili kufanikisha uchunguzi wa athari za mbinu hizo, utafiti huu ulijiegemeza katika kubainisha mbinu za kisanaa zilizotumika kujenga dhamira katika igizo la Matusi, kuchambua matumizi ya mbinu za kisanaa zilizojenga dhamira katika igizo la Matusi na kubainisha athari za matumizi ya mbinu za kisanaa katika ujenzi wa dhamira katika igizo la Matusi. Data za utafiti zilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya utazamaji na usikilizaji makini. Mkabala wa kimaelezo pamoja na nadharia ya simiotiki zilitumika katika kuchambua data za utafiti. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yameonyesha kuwa mbinu za kisanaa ambazo zimetumika katika kujenga dhamira zimeegemezwa zaidi katika majazi, ujenzi wa wahusika kikorasi, takriri, nyimbo, tashibiha, tashihisi, tafsida, motifu, matumizi ya hadithi ndani ya hadithi na ngoma. Aidha, matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kwamba mbinu za kisanaa zimekuwa na athiri chanya na hasi katika ujenzi wa dhamira katika igizo la Matusi. Athari chanya hizo ni kama vile kujenga moyo wa huruma kwa wanawake, kuimarisha ushawishi wa kisiasa, kujenga uelewa wa kihistoria, kudumisha ukarimu, ukombozi wa wanawake na kuongeza ushawishi na mvuto wa kimasimulizi. Na athari hasi ni kuwepo kwa dharau pamoja na mwanamke kuchorwa kama chombo cha starehe. Mwisho utafiti huu umependekeza kuwa ipo haja ya kufanywa utafiti wengine katika kuangalia mbinu za kisanaa katika maigizo megine ya Madebe Lidai. Pia, mtafiti anapendekeza kuwa tafiti linganishi zifanyike katika kuangazia matumizi ya mbinu za kisanaa katika igizo la Matusi na maigizo ya wasanii wengine ili kuiboresha fani ya fasihi ya Kiswahili
Effects of Living Conditions on Population Growth in Tanzania: 1993–2023.
No full textThis study investigated the effects of living conditions on population growth in Tanzania, analyzing time-series data from 1993 to 2023. Sourced from the World Bank and IMF, the data on GDP per capita, purchasing power parity, employment, and population growth were analyzed using an ARDL bounds testing approach. The results indicate that GDP per capita exerts a significant negative influence on population growth. In contrast, the positive effects of purchasing power parity and employment growth were found to be statistically insignificant. The study concludes that sustained economic development, reflected in rising per capita income, is a critical factor for moderating population growth in Tanzania. Therefore, it is recommended that policymakers implement strategies focused on sustainable income growth and human capital development to effectively manage demographic transitions.
Keywords: Population Growth, GDP Per Capita, Employment, Purchasing Power Parit
Determinants of Pastoralists Override to the Wildlife Conservation Policies in Muhesi Game Reserve, Tanzania.
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to explore the determinants of pastoralists' overrides to wildlife conservation policies in the Muhesi Game Reserve. Specifically, the study examined pastoral community's perception of wildlife resources; underlying factors that force pastoral communities to contravene conservation laws and communities' perceived ways for human-wildlife co-existence in the Muhesi Game Reserve. The pragmatic research philosophy influenced the research design to collect data from 391 respondents. It was found that local community in Muhesi Game Reserve (MGR) shows perceived values towards protecting wildlife and conserving plants, with positive perceptions of tourism benefits and employment opportunities for children in the reserve. The most commonly reported reasons for contravening conservation practices in Muhesi Game Reserve include pasture shortage, poor awareness, the presence of quality pastures in protected areas, local beliefs, inadequate rangelands, and water availability issues. To promote wildlife-human co-existence, the community emphasizes the importance of preventing wild animals from entering villages, improving education, translating conservation laws, sharing wildlife revenues, and involving local people in policy implementation. In conclusion, local communities have a positive perception of wildlife conservation. The study proposes strategies like improved education, better resource distribution, and active community involvement to foster wildlife-human co-existence.
Keywords: Conservation, Pastoralism, Livestock Incursion, Community Engagement, Biodiversity
An Assessing the Efficiency of Police Gender Desks in Preventing Violence Against Children in Bunda District.
Get PDFThe primary purpose of this study was to assess the Efficiency of Police Gender Desks in Preventing Violence against Children, The Case of Bunda Police Gender Desk. The study was carried out in the Bunda District of the Mara Region. The study has specific objectives, which include the role of the Police Gender- Desks in ending Violence against Children, The alternative measures used to combat Violence against Children, and The challenges facing Police Gender Desks in the prevention of Violence against Children. The structural functionalism theory guided the study. Pragmatic research philosophy and explorative research design were employed, with a sample size of 137 purposively and randomly selected participants. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were used and analyzed using thematic for qualitative data and descriptive for quantitative data through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study findings reveal that the efficiency of the gender desk depends on different factors like the well-equipped facilities, including transport and fuel, to facilitate Gender Desk operation/activities to prevent foul-up of VAC cases, and officers need to be trained. Moreover, community cooperation is strongly needed for the desk to be efficient. Most respondents from the interview suggested that the government should provide Mass education about the impact of VAC. Furthermore, the government should educate the families on their rights and the rights of their Children and where to report when they face VAC—more over during an interview with a Police officer in charge. The Gender Desk office said that another measure is that the Police force should give the gender desk its importance by preparing enough budgets. The other measure recommended by most respondents was severe legal actions that should be taken against those attempting Violation to violate Children
Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on the Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Tanzania: A Case Study of Selected Manufacturing Industries in Dar es Salaam City.
Get PDFIn recent decades, Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) have been considered as the key driver of trade, economic growth and foreign technology transfer in the recipient countries, especially Sub-Sharan Africa. This study sought to establish the impact of FDI on the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMES) in Dar es Salaam City. Specifically, the study concentrated on how technology, equipment transfers and knowledge transfers through FDIs influence SMEs growth in Dar es Salaam City. This study employed descriptive research design. 178 people were chosen as a sample size, however during data collection only 120 respondents effectively participated in the study. Data was collected through close-ended questionnaires and
analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods. The Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 25.0) tool was used as the data analysis tool. The results revealed that majority of the respondents argued that the new production techniques adopted from FDI had a positive effect on the growth of SMEs. In addition, findings indicated a positive significant of FDI and equipment transfer to SMEs in Dar es Salaam City. Moreover, the results indicated that there was a positive significant effect of FDI on knowledge transfers to SMEs in Dar es
Salaam City with a p-value of .982. This indicates that effective knowledge transfers through FDIs have significant impact on the growth of SMEs in Tanzania. Finally,
the study recommends that the government should initiate special capitation to support the import and acquisition of modern technology and equipment to SMEs.
Keywords: Foreign direct investment, manufacturing enterprises, SMEs, Dar es Salaam City
The Influence of Extrinsic Motivation on Employees’ Performance in Public Sectors Organization.
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the influence of extrinsic motivation on performance among employee at NSSF Dar-es-Salaam Tanzania. The study employed a quantitative research approach to investigate the association between
rewards, salary increments, bonuses as well as promotion and performance of the employee. A total of 267 NSSF officers from various departments were included in the sample size. The sampling of the study respondents was done through cluster sampling. A cluster of Contacted NSSF employee was chosen as study sample, meanwhile a cluster of non-staffs was excluded. The study was guided by the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory and Herzberg Two-Factor Theory. The collection of data was done using self-administered questionnaires among study participants. The analysis of the data was done using descriptive and inferential analysis. The study found that, there were no significant relationship between employee performance and salary increment as well as promotion. Furthermore, the study also found that, there were a significant relationship between employee
performances and bonuses as well as rewards among NSSF employees. The study concluded that, the extrinsic motivation in examined in this study, collectively provides motivation to employee in public organizations. However, some of the factors such as rewards and bonuses had immediate and strong influence of employee motivation meanwhile the remaining factors such as salary increment and
promotion has limited influence of motivation. The study recommends, the NSSF should strengthen its rewards and bonuses system structures to ensure they align with the organization targets as they would ensure employee post positive performances.
Key Words: Bonuses, Rewards, Promotions, Performance, Employee, NSSF