Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Políticas Sustentables de Desarrollo para el Fomento y la Competitividad Tecnológica de Países Emergentes de América: Análisis de la Biotecnología
Get PDFCURRENT OPINION:
Article in Spanish
The main support of every social organization is related to the economic boost and to the technological competitivity of the nations, that must to be based in its capacities to set public and private policies of development, that must be supported in the knowledge in a sustainable way. To make reference to the cutting edge technology development as the biotechnology, is to mention those tools that will allow the creation and the maintenance of a beneficial context to it research and developmentCURRENT OPINION:
El pilar de toda organización social relacionado al fomento y a la competitividad tecnológica de las naciones, debe estar basado en sus capacidades para implementar políticas tanto públicas como privadas de desarrollo, las que deben estar fundamentadas en el conocimiento, pero de manera sustentable. Hacer alusión al desarrollo de tecnologías de punta como es el caso de la biotecnología, es mencionar aquellos útiles que van a posibilitar la creación y el mantenimiento de un contexto favorable a su investigación y desarrollo.CURRENT OPINION:
El pilar de toda organización social relacionado al fomento y a la competitividad tecnológica de las naciones, debe estar basado en sus capacidades para implementar políticas tanto públicas como privadas de desarrollo, las que deben estar fundamentadas en el conocimiento, pero de manera sustentable. Hacer alusión al desarrollo de tecnologías de punta como es el caso de la biotecnología, es mencionar aquellos útiles que van a posibilitar la creación y el mantenimiento de un contexto favorable a su investigación y desarrollo
Aprendizaje y Construcción de Capacidades Tecnológicas
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on learning and the building of technological capabilities processes at the firm’s level in both, developing and developed countries. It also briefly reviews some works dealing with these issues at the level of sectors and countries. After analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the existing approaches, the paper attempts to identify the research themes that seem to be emerging (such as new indicators of technological capabilities, building capabilities in the services sector and learning networks) and advances some ideas about the areas that require further research to be done.El objetivo de ese artículo es revisar la literatura y proporcionar una visión general acerca del aprendizaje y construcción de las capacidades tecnológicas dentro de las empresas en países desarrollados y en vías de desarrollo. También repasa algunos trabajos que se ocupan de algunos sectores y países. Después de revisar las fortalezas y debilidades se identifican algunos temas de investigación que parecen ser emergentes (como por ejemplo los indicadores de capacidades tecnológicas, del sector de servicios, aprendizaje de redes) y algunas ideas acerca de aquellos sectores que requieren una investigación adicional.The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on learning and the building of technological capabilities processes at the firm’s level in both, developing and developed countries. It also briefly reviews some works dealing with these issues at the level of sectors and countries. After analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of the existing approaches, the paper attempts to identify the research themes that seem to be emerging (such as new indicators of technological capabilities, building capabilities in the services sector and learning networks) and advances some ideas about the areas that require further research to be done
Cloning Protocol of Aloe vera as a Study-Case for “Tailor-Made” Biotechnology to Small Farmers
Get PDFAloe vera has been used worldwide both for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to the plethora of biological activities of some of its metabolites. A study case is reported focusing on the development of a cloning protocol of A. vera to provide propagation material with superior quality to the private sector in southern Brazil, i.e., A. vera juice industry. Such biotechnological approach afforded ca. 4,300 plantlets from 20 explants, over a 6-month period, overcoming the drawback of the lack of propagation material. Typically, the results have led to the increase of the cultured area and juice production of that species coming true the goal of the partnership between the public and private sectors herein involved. The transference of the resulting technology was successfully performed to the company and a patent covering the biotechnological process has been recently requested to official organisms on behalf of the partners.El Aloe vera ha sido empleado mundialmente en las industrias farmacéutica, alimentaria y cosmética, debido a la variedad de actividades biológicas de sus metabolitos. Un estudio de caso es reportado, enfocado en el desarrollo de un protocolo de clonamiento de A. vera para proveer propagación de material de calidad superior al sector privado en el sur de Brasil, por ejemplo, la industria de jugo de A. Vera. Ya que las plantas obtenidas mediante métodos biotecnológicos ascienden a 4300 plántulas desde 20 explantes, en un período de 6 meses, se hace un problema la inminente falta de material. Típicamente los resultados han conducido al incremento de del área cultivada y de la producción de jugo de las especies con verdaderos objetivos de asociatividad entre los sectores privados y públicos. La transferencia de la tecnología resultante fue exitosamente desempeñada hacia la compañía y una patente que protege el proceso biotecnológico ha sido recientemente solicitada a los organismos de patentamiento.Aloe vera has been used worldwide both for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries due to the plethora of biological activities of some of its metabolites. A study case is reported focusing on the development of a cloning protocol of A. vera to provide propagation material with superior quality to the private sector in southern Brazil, i.e., A. vera juice industry. Such biotechnological approach afforded ca. 4,300 plantlets from 20 explants, over a 6-month period, overcoming the drawback of the lack of propagation material. Typically, the results have led to the increase of the cultured area and juice production of that species coming true the goal of the partnership between the public and private sectors herein involved. The transference of the resulting technology was successfully performed to the company and a patent covering the biotechnological process has been recently requested to official organisms on behalf of the partners
As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) e as Redes Dinâmicas de Cooperação: Um Novo Paradigma de Produção?
Get PDFThe aim of this article is to discuss the concept of virtual organizations (VO´s) as dynamic co-operation networks, that is as a form of co-operation among enterprises, organizations and institutions, that, by the intensive application of the new information and communication technologies (ICT´s), look for powered the competitiveness of the partners belong to this network. This kind of network aims at the exploration of new opportunities in the global market. Besides a bibliographical revision, the study presents and discusses some paradigmatic cases of virtual organizations, detaching experiences of several countries: New England, Switzerland, Mexico and Brazil.The aim of this article is to discuss the concept of virtual organizations (VO´s) as dynamic co-operation networks, that is as a form of co-operation among enterprises, organizations and institutions, that, by the intensive application of the new information and communication technologies (ICT´s), look for powered the competitiveness of the partners belong to this network. This kind of network aims at the exploration of new opportunities in the global market. Besides a bibliographical revision, the study presents and discusses some paradigmatic cases of virtual organizations, detaching experiences of several countries: New England, Switzerland, Mexico and Brazil.O presente artigo visa discutir o conceito de organizações virtuais (OVs) como redes dinâmicas de cooperação, ou seja, como uma forma de cooperação entre empresas, organizações e instituições, que, por meio da utilização intensiva das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TICs), buscam potencializar a competitividade dos parceiros desta rede, viabilizando a exploração de novas oportunidades de mercado em nível global. Além de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, o trabalho apresenta e discute alguns casos paradigmáticos de organizações virtuais, destacando experiências de diversos países: Inglaterra, México, Suíça e Brasil
Serviço Brasileiro de Resposta Técnica – SBRT
Get PDFO artigo descreve um projeto financiado pelo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia que se caracteriza em um site de atendimento a demandas tecnológicas para empresários de micro e pequenas empresas em todo território brasileiro. Constituindo uma rede de instituições de pesquisa e ensino ofertando o serviço de Respostas TécnicasO artigo descreve um projeto financiado pelo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia que se caracteriza em um site de atendimento a demandas tecnológicas para empresários de micro e pequenas empresas em todo território brasileiro. Constituindo uma rede de instituições de pesquisa e ensino ofertando o serviço de Respostas TécnicasO artigo descreve um projeto financiado pelo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia que se caracteriza em um site de atendimento a demandas tecnológicas para empresários de micro e pequenas empresas em todo território brasileiro. Constituindo uma rede de instituições de pesquisa e ensino ofertando o serviço de Respostas Técnica
Cost Analysis and Long Term Planning Over the Lifecycle of an Enterprise Storage Solution
Get PDFThis document will cover the basics of Storage Area Networks (SAN), IP-Based Storage Networks such as NAS, and the basics of choosing a technology for an Enterprise Storage infrastructure. This document will focus on SAS (Serial Attached Storage) and SATA (Serial ATA) disk drive technologies. The primary focus for this document will be to aid a manager in making a purchasing decision for the selection of storage technologies. I will cover purchase options such as buy, lease, and lease-to-buy. This document will cover the basic costs associated with maintenance and upgrades over the lifetime of different storage technologies.Este documento cubre las bases de las decisiones de compra en la adquisición de infraestructuras de almacenamiento de datos, incluyendo el Almacenamiento Adjunto Directo (DAS), Redes de Área de Almacenamiento (SAN) como canales de fibra y Isasi y Almacenamiento Adjunto de Red (NAS). Este documento se enfoca en las Tecnologías de Infraestructura de Almacenaje y Soluciones de Red de Almacenaje. La infraestructura básica de almacenaje de una empresa serán explorados para apoyar al Gestor Tecnológico a elegir una Solución Tecnológica de Almacenaje para su empresa. El enfoque principal de éste documento será el de ser un soporte al gestor en la toma de decisiones de compra en la selección de tecnologías de almacenaje. El trabajo incluye recomendaciones para el establecimiento de una nivel de empresa con soluciones para la distribución de archivos y datos en red.This document will cover the basics of Storage Area Networks (SAN), IP-Based Storage Networks such as NAS, and the basics of choosing a technology for an Enterprise Storage infrastructure. This document will focus on SAS (Serial Attached Storage) and SATA (Serial ATA) disk drive technologies. The primary focus for this document will be to aid a manager in making a purchasing decision for the selection of storage technologies. I will cover purchase options such as buy, lease, and lease-to-buy. This document will cover the basic costs associated with maintenance and upgrades over the lifetime of different storage technologies
Productive Agglomerations of Suppliers in the Automotive Industry: A Way to Maximize Competitiveness in Supply Chain Management.
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to identify how the automotive industries maximize the competitiveness in supply chain management through the constitution of entrepreneurial productive agglomerations of suppliers. For this purpose, an applied research was carried out, and the technical procedure utilized was bibliographic review based in some researches about Brazilian industrial condominiums. Thus, through the constitution of entrepreneurial agglomerations of suppliers in automotive industry it is possible to obtain logistic advantages in the transporting, stocking and warehousing activities. Besides, it is possible to maximize the supply chain management competitiveness through the establishment of trust and lasting relationships between the components of the whole chain.El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es identificar como las industrias automotoras maximizan su competitividad en el manejo de de la cadena de proveedores a través de la constitución de aglomeración emprendedora productiva de los proveedores. Para éste propósito, se realizó una investigación aplicada, y el procedimiento técnico empleado consistió en una revisión bibliográfica de investigaciones acerca del condominio industrial Brasilero. Así, a través de la constitución de aglomeración emprendedora productiva de los proveedores es posible de obtener ventajas logísticas en las actividades de transporte y almacenamiento. Además, es posible de maximizar la competitividad de la gestión de la cadena de proveedores a través del establecimiento de relaciones de confianza entre los componentes de la cadenaThe objective of this paper is to identify how the automotive industries maximize the competitiveness in supply chain management through the constitution of entrepreneurial productive agglomerations of suppliers. For this purpose, an applied research was carried out, and the technical procedure utilized was bibliographic review based in some researches about Brazilian industrial condominiums. Thus, through the constitution of entrepreneurial agglomerations of suppliers in automotive industry it is possible to obtain logistic advantages in the transporting, stocking and warehousing activities. Besides, it is possible to maximize the supply chain management competitiveness through the establishment of trust and lasting relationships between the components of the whole chain
Equipes e comunidades de prática como estruturas complementares na gestão do conhecimento organizacional
Get PDFMotivated by the complexities of modern work’s environment, organizations are investing in a new organizational model, based in teams. Teams, however, have some limitations, including the difficulty to share and manage knowledge: while efforts are applied in the pursuit of results or an end product, teams isolate in internal processes and have difficulty sharing knowledge. Communities of practice, on the other hand, are created around the necessity to share knowledge in areas of common interest. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the possible advantages of the combined use of teams and communities of practice, with the purpose of improving knowledge management and, therefore, the effectiveness of teams and companies. Combining teams and communities of practice can stimulate learning and knowledge management, while maintaining the value placed on results – while teams add value through results and achieved goals, communities of practice complement this value through the facilitation of learning.Motivated by the complexities of modern work’s environment, organizations are investing in a new organizational model, based in teams. Teams, however, have some limitations, including the difficulty to share and manage knowledge: while efforts are applied in the pursuit of results or an end product, teams isolate in internal processes and have difficulty sharing knowledge. Communities of practice, on the other hand, are created around the necessity to share knowledge in areas of common interest. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the possible advantages of the combined use of teams and communities of practice, with the purpose of improving knowledge management and, therefore, the effectiveness of teams and companies. Combining teams and communities of practice can stimulate learning and knowledge management, while maintaining the value placed on results – while teams add value through results and achieved goals, communities of practice complement this value through the facilitation of learning.Motivadas pela complexidade do ambiente de trabalho moderno, as organizações têm investido num novo modelo organizacional, baseado em equipes. Equipes, entretanto, têm algumas limitações, incluindo a dificuldade de compartilhar conhecimento: enquanto os esforços estão voltados aos resultados ou produto final, equipes se isolam em processos internos e têm dificuldade de dividir o conhecimento. Comunidades de prática, por outro lado, criam-se em torno da necessidade de compartilhar conhecimento em áreas de interesse comum. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar possíveis vantagens do uso combinado de equipes e comunidades de prática, com a finalidade principal de melhorar a gestão do conhecimento e, portanto, a efetividade das equipes e das empresas. Combinar equipes e comunidades de prática pode estimular o aprendizado e a gestão do conhecimento organizacional, enquanto valorizando os resultados - equipes agregam valor através de resultados e objetivos alcançados e comunidades de prática complementam esse valor através da manutenção do aprendizado
Multidisciplinary Teams: The Next Step in Science.
No full textOne of the current characteristics in science, is the high complexity and technical character that becomes over the last years. This has induced the development of a specific type of professionals, highly specialized in the disciplines that they are involved in, which has produced a communicational breach between the scientists involved on different branches of the science.
One of the strategies intended to cross this breach, is the generation of multidisciplinary research strategies, in which professionals of every field of the science can take part, being a kind of scientific and human bridge between the different research teams where they are involved in.
This new style to do investigation has made possible the generation of new branches in science, such as for example Biotechnology. In this field -Tissue Engineering- becomes to be a very interesting example of the potential to work in multidisciplinary teams.
The reason for this is mainly to avoid technical mistakes, which could cause the death of some patients and which can only be solved by developing research under a multidisciplinary strategy.
Nevertheless, and in spite of the success working with multidisciplinary teams, this kind of strategy is rarely used in Latin-American, where the reasons seems to be centered in some aspects personal and cultural.
This work shows an example of the new style to develop complex research, which could suggest a new way of working in Latin-American, granted that there is the will to enhance current scientific level.Una de las características de la investigación científica actual, es el alto grado de complejidad y tecnicismo alcanzado en las últimas décadas, lo cual por una parte ha obligado a la generación de profesionales altamente especializados, pero que por otra ha producido una brecha comunicacional entre los participantes de las distintas ramas de la ciencia.
Una de las estrategias con las cuales el mundo científico ha intentado traspasar dicha barrera, ha sido a través de la generación de estrategias de trabajo multidisciplinarias, es decir, conformadas por profesionales provenientes de variadas áreas del conocimiento, los cuales hacen de puente científico y humano entre los distintos equipos de trabajo en donde se desarrollan.
Este nuevo estilo de hacer investigación ha posibilitado el surgimiento de nuevas ramas de la ciencia, como por ejemplo la Biotecnología. Dentro de ésta, una de las áreas emergentes, la Ingeniería de Tejidos, se destaca por ser un muy buen ejemplo del potencial que trae el trabajar en equipos multidisciplinarios. La causa de esta necesidad -de trabajo en equipos multidisciplinarios- es ante todo, el evitar errores técnicos que pueden provocar la muerte de un paciente, lo cual puede ser solucionado únicamente al realizar investigación en absoluta concurrencia de profesionales de todos los campos del conocimiento.
Sin embargo, y a pesar de los éxitos obtenidos al realizar investigación en equipos multidisciplinarios, dicha estrategia es empleada escasamente en Latinoamérica, debido básicamente a motivos personales y culturales.
De este modo, este trabajo intenta mostrar un ejemplo del nuevo enfoque que actualmente se emplea para hacer investigación compleja, sugiriendo a su vez el camino a seguir, si es que realmente se desea potenciar el desarrollo de la ciencia en Latinoamérica.One of the current characteristics in science, is the high complexity and technical character that becomes over the last years. This has induced the development of a specific type of professionals, highly specialized in the disciplines that they are involved in, which has produced a communicational breach between the scientists involved on different branches of the science.
One of the strategies intended to cross this breach, is the generation of multidisciplinary research strategies, in which professionals of every field of the science can take part, being a kind of scientific and human bridge between the different research teams where they are involved in.
This new style to do investigation has made possible the generation of new branches in science, such as for example Biotechnology. In this field -Tissue Engineering- becomes to be a very interesting example of the potential to work in multidisciplinary teams.
The reason for this is mainly to avoid technical mistakes, which could cause the death of some patients and which can only be solved by developing research under a multidisciplinary strategy.
Nevertheless, and in spite of the success working with multidisciplinary teams, this kind of strategy is rarely used in Latin-American, where the reasons seems to be centered in some aspects personal and cultural.
This work shows an example of the new style to develop complex research, which could suggest a new way of working in Latin-American, granted that there is the will to enhance current scientific level
Real Option in Biotechnological Firms Valuation. An Empirical Analysis of European Firms.
Get PDFFirms’ intangible assets are becoming more and more relevant in the different areas within the financial discipline. Its management, its quantification and its valuation nowadays constitute one of the main challenges which economy and business try to face. Through this paper we will evaluate some models based on the real options theory in order to estimate the intangible assets value of certain firms, specifically I+D biotechnological firms projects. With this aim, and after deep research on biotechnological industry, we will establish the parameters regarding one model which can be considered as a quantitative valuation method that we apply to a sample of biotechnological European companies. The results obtained through the empirical analysis are promising and they support the use of the real options theory to evaluate biotechnological firms.Los activos intangibles de las compañías se han convertido cada vez en elementos más relevantes en las diferentes áreas de la disciplina financiera. Su manejo, cuantificación, y su avalamiento hoy en día constituye uno de los desafíos que los negocios y la economía trata de encarar. En este trabajo se evalúan algunos modelos basados en teoría de opciones reales con el objetivo de estimar los activos intangibles de ciertas compañías, específicamente I+D en las firmas basadas en proyectos biotecnológicos. Con éste objetivo en mente, y posterior a una profunda investigación sobre la industria biotecnológica, se establecen parámetros relacionados a un modelo que puede ser considerado como una evaluación cuantitativa el que se aplicará a muestras de compañías biotecnológicas europeas. Los resultados fueron obtenidos mediante el análisis empírico que apoya el uso de la teoría de opciones reales para evaluar a las compañías biotecnológicas.Firms’ intangible assets are becoming more and more relevant in the different areas within the financial discipline. Its management, its quantification and its valuation nowadays constitute one of the main challenges which economy and business try to face. Through this paper we will evaluate some models based on the real options theory in order to estimate the intangible assets value of certain firms, specifically I+D biotechnological firms projects. With this aim, and after deep research on biotechnological industry, we will establish the parameters regarding one model which can be considered as a quantitative valuation method that we apply to a sample of biotechnological European companies. The results obtained through the empirical analysis are promising and they support the use of the real options theory to evaluate biotechnological firms