Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
Not a member yet
1015 research outputs found
Sort by
International Cooperation for Scientific and Technological Development: The Brazilian Participation on the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)
No full textThis work proposes a different approach of International Cooperation on the Brazilian scientific and technological (S&T) development process, based on the case of the cooperation among Brazil and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The studies lead to a suggestion of a new strategic approach of a system beginning starting at activities of international S&T interchange and collaborations as initial stage that lead to International Cooperation, seen as the only one capable of directly create S&T development. The case of the Brazilian activities at CERN shows that International Cooperation generates S&T development only with long term assured financial and institutional arrangements between Universities and Industries, supported by government policies and programs. The results point to the assumption that International Cooperation is an essential element for elaboration and execution of public policies that aim national development on science and technology.This work proposes a different approach of International Cooperation on the Brazilian scientific and technological (S&T) development process, based on the case of the cooperation among Brazil and the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The studies lead to a suggestion of a new strategic approach of a system beginning starting at activities of international S&T interchange and collaborations as initial stage that lead to International Cooperation, seen as the only one capable of directly create S&T development. The case of the Brazilian activities at CERN shows that International Cooperation generates S&T development only with long term assured financial and institutional arrangements between Universities and Industries, supported by government policies and programs. The results point to the assumption that International Cooperation is an essential element for elaboration and execution of public policies that aim national development on science and technology.Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem diferente da Cooperação Internacional no processo de desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico brasileiro, tendo como base a cooperação entre o Brasil e a Organização Européia para Pesquisa Nuclear (CERN). Os estudos levam a uma visão estratégica de um ciclo que envolve intercâmbio e colaborações científicas internacionais como etapas iniciais que levam à Cooperação Internacional (CI), esta última verdadeiramente capaz de gerar desenvolvimento científico. O estudo da participação brasileira no CERN mostra que a CI só gera desenvolvimento científico se contar com a participação do Estado para garantir investimentos e apoio institucional aos cientistas brasileiros no longo prazo. Assim a CI torna-se elemento indispensável para a elaboração e execução de políticas públicas que vislumbrem o desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico nacional
Forming Entrepreneurial Mindsets? Preliminary Evidence of Teaching Practices from Primary Schools in a Developing Area in South America
Get PDFOver the past few years there has been a renewed interest by governments, companies and academics in the role of entrepreneurship in innovation and economic growth. There has also been a proliferation of studies on education for entrepreneurship in industrialised and developing countries. However, by addressing ‘entrepreneurship’ in terms of SMEs and high-tech start-ups, they overlook: (i) the blurring distinctions between entrepreneurial and managerial capitalism, (ii) an erosion of the Schumpeterian dichotomy between large and small firms, and (iii) the growing importance of entrepreneurial management within companies as a source for economic growth. Additionally, ‘entrepreneurship’ tends to be taught as a stand-alone topic in higher education and business/non-business courses. Empirical studies related to entrepreneurship education within primary schools, especially in least developed locations in developing countries, are largely missing in this field. Drawing on first-hand empirical evidence from primary schools in a developing area in South America, this paper examines the incidence and functioning of pedagogic practices potentially related to the initial formation of entrepreneurial mindsets. The findings show that, despite some efforts, the researched schools suffered from, not surprisingly, inadequate physical conditions and, most importantly, teachers’ unawareness and deficient qualification related to the adoption of these techniques. These problems seemed to prevent children from developing important features of their initial entrepreneurial mindsets. Thus, if companies and countries want to secure their sources of revolutionary ideas and continuous and des-continuous innovation, they need to have a long-term commitment to continuously develop and nurture the seeds for their future innovative knowledge bases. Specifically, a comprehensive, long-term, geographically and socially inclusive perspective on entrepreneurship education, that is, from primary school levels, especially in least developed areas, is badly needed to improve our understanding and policy recommendations in this field. Otherwise, all the discussions in favour of entrepreneurship education will not evolve beyond hype and rhetoric
Characterisation of Technological Innovation Management Journals
Get PDFThis paper seeks to characterise the publications of the technological innovation management forum. With this aim, it analyses four aspects: orientation, style, originality and readability. The information used for this study was obtained from the Emerald Management Reviews database (Emerald Group Publishing). The time period considered ran from 1996 to 2003. From the analysis, the work concludes an increasingly clear research orientation over the period. Research-Technology Management is the journal most oriented to practice. The work also finds a clear predominance of the academic style, with some room provided for the professional-journalistic style, and a certain loss of originality and readability in the publications over the period. Finally, the journals declare a more varied readership than they actually seem to have.This paper seeks to characterise the publications of the technological innovation management forum. With this aim, it analyses four aspects: orientation, style, originality and readability. The information used for this study was obtained from the Emerald Management Reviews database (Emerald Group Publishing). The time period considered ran from 1996 to 2003. From the analysis, the work concludes an increasingly clear research orientation over the period. Research-Technology Management is the journal most oriented to practice. The work also finds a clear predominance of the academic style, with some room provided for the professional-journalistic style, and a certain loss of originality and readability in the publications over the period. Finally, the journals declare a more varied readership than they actually seem to have.This paper seeks to characterise the publications of the technological innovation management forum. With this aim, it analyses four aspects: orientation, style, originality and readability. The information used for this study was obtained from the Emerald Management Reviews database (Emerald Group Publishing). The time period considered ran from 1996 to 2003. From the analysis, the work concludes an increasingly clear research orientation over the period. Research-Technology Management is the journal most oriented to practice. The work also finds a clear predominance of the academic style, with some room provided for the professional-journalistic style, and a certain loss of originality and readability in the publications over the period. Finally, the journals declare a more varied readership than they actually seem to have
Collaborative Opportunities for Icts Development in a Challenged African Environment
Get PDFThe emergence and convergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has remained at the centre of global socio-economic transformations. The required ICT revolutionary technological change or productivity levels in Southern Africa is a function of both skilled labour (high technical competence) and capital for investment. Technological progress in Southern Africa can be measured as an index composed of measures of personal computers, Internet hosts, fax machine, mobile phones and television, etc., across the various member countries. The paper presents a synopsis of the ICTs indicators for Southern Africa and the opportunities therein, together with an analysis of technological progress and opportunities for ICTs development in Southern Africa. A regional ICT collaboration strategy is proposed, underpinned by best practice elements. The proposed Regional ICT Collaboration strategy largely depends on human resource development, information sharing platforms, and the degree of development of the ICTs industry and support services in the individual member countries. The design of virtual collaborative systems is a useful paradigm for the development and sustainability of virtual collaboration for Southern African countries, so that higher levels of collaboration may be achieved among geographically dispersed work groups. Knowledge may be shared between people through face-to-face or through technology, either asynchronously or synchronously, commonly known as virtual collaboration.The emergence and convergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has remained at the centre of global socio-economic transformations. The required ICT revolutionary technological change or productivity levels in Southern Africa is a function of both skilled labour (high technical competence) and capital for investment. Technological progress in Southern Africa can be measured as an index composed of measures of personal computers, Internet hosts, fax machine, mobile phones and television, etc., across the various member countries. The paper presents a synopsis of the ICTs indicators for Southern Africa and the opportunities therein, together with an analysis of technological progress and opportunities for ICTs development in Southern Africa. A regional ICT collaboration strategy is proposed, underpinned by best practice elements. The proposed Regional ICT Collaboration strategy largely depends on human resource development, information sharing platforms, and the degree of development of the ICTs industry and support services in the individual member countries. The design of virtual collaborative systems is a useful paradigm for the development and sustainability of virtual collaboration for Southern African countries, so that higher levels of collaboration may be achieved among geographically dispersed work groups. Knowledge may be shared between people through face-to-face or through technology, either asynchronously or synchronously, commonly known as virtual collaboration.The emergence and convergence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has remained at the centre of global socio-economic transformations. The required ICT revolutionary technological change or productivity levels in Southern Africa is a function of both skilled labour (high technical competence) and capital for investment. Technological progress in Southern Africa can be measured as an index composed of measures of personal computers, Internet hosts, fax machine, mobile phones and television, etc., across the various member countries. The paper presents a synopsis of the ICTs indicators for Southern Africa and the opportunities therein, together with an analysis of technological progress and opportunities for ICTs development in Southern Africa. A regional ICT collaboration strategy is proposed, underpinned by best practice elements. The proposed Regional ICT Collaboration strategy largely depends on human resource development, information sharing platforms, and the degree of development of the ICTs industry and support services in the individual member countries. The design of virtual collaborative systems is a useful paradigm for the development and sustainability of virtual collaboration for Southern African countries, so that higher levels of collaboration may be achieved among geographically dispersed work groups. Knowledge may be shared between people through face-to-face or through technology, either asynchronously or synchronously, commonly known as virtual collaboration
¿Cómo Innovan las Empresas Españolas? Una Evidencia Empírica
Get PDFThis paper investigates the determinants of firms’ innovative performance, by exploring the effects of different innovation strategies related to generation and acquisition of technological knowledge. The analysis is based on a sample of 1329 Spanish manufacturing firms. The results suggest that R&D contracting has not significant effect on firms’ innovative performance and that cooperation with external agents has a limited effect. In contrast, the development of in-house R&D activities seems to be the most important strategy to introduce new products onto the market. These results warns against the risk of overrating external knowledge sourcing, and highlight the need for policy makers to establish innovation policies mainly focus on strengthening the technological capabilities of firms.Este artículo examina los determinantes del desempeño innovador de las empresas manufactureras españolas, considerando especialmente el efecto que ejercen diferentes estrategias relacionadas con la generación y adquisición de conocimiento. El análisis es realizado sobre una muestra de 1329 empresas activas en innovación. Los resultados indican que la contratación de actividades de I+D no influye sobre el desempeño innovador de las empresas y que la cooperación con agentes externos tiene un efecto limitado. En contraste, el desarrollo de actividades internas de I+D se muestra como la principal estrategia para la introducción de productos nuevos en el mercado. Estos resultados constituyen una llamada de atención para no sobrevalorar la importancia de la adquisición externa de conocimiento y destacan la necesidad de diseñar políticas de innovación centradas fundamentalmente en el fortalecimiento de las capacidades internas de las empresas.This paper investigates the determinants of firms’ innovative performance, by exploring the effects of different innovation strategies related to generation and acquisition of technological knowledge. The analysis is based on a sample of 1329 Spanish manufacturing firms. The results suggest that R&D contracting has not significant effect on firms’ innovative performance and that cooperation with external agents has a limited effect. In contrast, the development of in-house R&D activities seems to be the most important strategy to introduce new products onto the market. These results warns against the risk of overrating external knowledge sourcing, and highlight the need for policy makers to establish innovation policies mainly focus on strengthening the technological capabilities of firms
The Usefulness of Patent Stage and Sectoral Pattern in Open Innovation Licensing
No full textThe relative importance to the particular industry of licensing has not been done enough empirically to pursue the route of the open innovation. That is why the industrial level research on open innovation is more complicated than that of company level. This paper tries to survey industrial level licensing by combining the technology regime theory with NTB(National Technology Bank) score model of KTTC(Korea Technology Transfer Center) and tries to transform Likert score into general value proxy by using information of valuator’s organizations. This paper also introduces two new factors named as ‘patent authorization stage’ for classifying patent status and ‘technology regime based industrial innovation pattern’ for adopting sectoral level research in order to overcome drawbacks of score model in case of application to open innovation licensing.The relative importance to the particular industry of licensing has not been done enough empirically to pursue the route of the open innovation. That is why the industrial level research on open innovation is more complicated than that of company level. This paper tries to survey industrial level licensing by combining the technology regime theory with NTB(National Technology Bank) score model of KTTC(Korea Technology Transfer Center) and tries to transform Likert score into general value proxy by using information of valuator’s organizations. This paper also introduces two new factors named as ‘patent authorization stage’ for classifying patent status and ‘technology regime based industrial innovation pattern’ for adopting sectoral level research in order to overcome drawbacks of score model in case of application to open innovation licensing.The relative importance to the particular industry of licensing has not been done enough empirically to pursue the route of the open innovation. That is why the industrial level research on open innovation is more complicated than that of company level. This paper tries to survey industrial level licensing by combining the technology regime theory with NTB(National Technology Bank) score model of KTTC(Korea Technology Transfer Center) and tries to transform Likert score into general value proxy by using information of valuator’s organizations. This paper also introduces two new factors named as ‘patent authorization stage’ for classifying patent status and ‘technology regime based industrial innovation pattern’ for adopting sectoral level research in order to overcome drawbacks of score model in case of application to open innovation licensing
Reconceptualizing Value Creation with Limited Resources
Get PDFIn traditional economics and finance the notion of value creation is virtually synonymous with the net present value of cash flows. Such a characterization implies that all of the uses of resource inputs, such as raw material and energy, are known and that their value is priced into commodities markets. It also fails to allow for the opportunity cost associated with the depletion of resources which, with advancing technology, might reasonably have future uses far greater in value than can be achieved at present with current technology. Stated differently, in traditional valuation analysis the option value associated with scarce resources—when new technology or knowledge can be applied to them—is not addressed. In the present work, we define technology leverage as representative of this effect. We then address the problem of sustainability of organizations by stating four propositions and examining their implications for government policy and for firm governance.In traditional economics and finance the notion of value creation is virtually synonymous with the net present value of cash flows. Such a characterization implies that all of the uses of resource inputs, such as raw material and energy, are known and that their value is priced into commodities markets. It also fails to allow for the opportunity cost associated with the depletion of resources which, with advancing technology, might reasonably have future uses far greater in value than can be achieved at present with current technology. Stated differently, in traditional valuation analysis the option value associated with scarce resources—when new technology or knowledge can be applied to them—is not addressed. In the present work, we define technology leverage as representative of this effect. We then address the problem of sustainability of organizations by stating four propositions and examining their implications for government policy and for firm governance.In traditional economics and finance the notion of value creation is virtually synonymous with the net present value of cash flows. Such a characterization implies that all of the uses of resource inputs, such as raw material and energy, are known and that their value is priced into commodities markets. It also fails to allow for the opportunity cost associated with the depletion of resources which, with advancing technology, might reasonably have future uses far greater in value than can be achieved at present with current technology. Stated differently, in traditional valuation analysis the option value associated with scarce resources—when new technology or knowledge can be applied to them—is not addressed. In the present work, we define technology leverage as representative of this effect. We then address the problem of sustainability of organizations by stating four propositions and examining their implications for government policy and for firm governance
Comparative Analysis of Sectoral Innovation System and Diamond Model: The Case of Telecom Sector of Iran
Get PDFPorter’s model of Competitive advantage of nations (named as Diamond Model) has been widely used and criticized as well, over recent two decades. On the other hand, non-mainstream economists have tried to propose new frameworks for industrial analysis, that among them, Sectoral Innovation System (SIS) is one of the most influential ones. After proposing an assessment framework, we use this framework to compare SIS and Porter’s models and apply them to the case of second mobile operator in Iran. Briefly, SIS model sheds light on the innovation process and competence building and focuses on system failures that are of special importance in the context of developing countries, while Diamond model has the advantage of brining the production process and the influential role of government into focus, but each one has its own shortcomings for analyzing industrial development in developing countries and both of them fail to pay enough attention to foreign relations and international linkages.Porter’s model of Competitive advantage of nations (named as Diamond Model) has been widely used and criticized as well, over recent two decades. On the other hand, non-mainstream economists have tried to propose new frameworks for industrial analysis, that among them, Sectoral Innovation System (SIS) is one of the most influential ones. After proposing an assessment framework, we use this framework to compare SIS and Porter’s models and apply them to the case of second mobile operator in Iran.
Briefly, SIS model sheds light on the innovation process and competence building and focuses on system failures that are of special importance in the context of developing countries, while Diamond model has the advantage of brining the production process and the influential role of government into focus, but each one has its own shortcomings for analyzing industrial development in developing countries and both of them fail to pay enough attention to foreign relations and international linkages.Porter’s model of Competitive advantage of nations (named as Diamond Model) has been widely used and criticized as well, over recent two decades. On the other hand, non-mainstream economists have tried to propose new frameworks for industrial analysis, that among them, Sectoral Innovation System (SIS) is one of the most influential ones. After proposing an assessment framework, we use this framework to compare SIS and Porter’s models and apply them to the case of second mobile operator in Iran.
Briefly, SIS model sheds light on the innovation process and competence building and focuses on system failures that are of special importance in the context of developing countries, while Diamond model has the advantage of brining the production process and the influential role of government into focus, but each one has its own shortcomings for analyzing industrial development in developing countries and both of them fail to pay enough attention to foreign relations and international linkages
Prioritizing the Relative Dominance of Drivers for Intellectual Entrepreneuring Through the Tertiary Knowledge Industry.
Get PDFThe knowledge industry is becoming the dominant contributor to sustainable growth. It is causing a paradigm drift towards knowledge capitalization for improvement of productivity-driven competition to attain better economic performance, wealth generation, and development. Research has identified an “intellectual entrepreneurial capacity gap” as the constraint to attaining equity between developed and developing economies. The gap is fuelling the growing technological innovation divide – the widening boundary between developed and developing economies. As a contribution to reducing the gap, this paper presents a conceptual framework of drivers for intellectual entrepreneurial capacity in knowledge capitalization for technological and economic leapfrogging in development.The knowledge industry is becoming the dominant contributor to sustainable growth. It is causing a paradigm drift towards knowledge capitalization for improvement of productivity-driven competition to attain better economic performance, wealth generation, and development. Research has identified an “intellectual entrepreneurial capacity gap” as the constraint to attaining equity between developed and developing economies. The gap is fuelling the growing technological innovation divide – the widening boundary between developed and developing economies. As a contribution to reducing the gap, this paper presents a conceptual framework of drivers for intellectual entrepreneurial capacity in knowledge capitalization for technological and economic leapfrogging in development.The knowledge industry is becoming the dominant contributor to sustainable growth. It is causing a paradigm drift towards knowledge capitalization for improvement of productivity-driven competition to attain better economic performance, wealth generation, and development. Research has identified an “intellectual entrepreneurial capacity gap” as the constraint to attaining equity between developed and developing economies. The gap is fuelling the growing technological innovation divide – the widening boundary between developed and developing economies. As a contribution to reducing the gap, this paper presents a conceptual framework of drivers for intellectual entrepreneurial capacity in knowledge capitalization for technological and economic leapfrogging in development
Modeling the Acceptance and Use of Telecenters in Brazil
Get PDFThis article describes the modeling of factors that affect the adoption and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Telecenters context. For such, some conceptual dimensions are used, such as a potential demand model (PDM), which aims at characterizing processes that determine the technological acceptance, and an acceptance dynamics model (ADM). Together, PDM and ADM constitute a simulation combined model based on agents that allow the analysis of the effect of different aspects related to Telecenters and the users’s individual profile, according to the target audience behavior. This modeling approach intends to constitute an analysis tool that is able to help formulate digital inclusion public policies.This article describes the modeling of factors that affect the adoption and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Telecenters context. For such, some conceptual dimensions are used, such as a potential demand model (PDM), which aims at characterizing processes that determine the technological acceptance, and an acceptance dynamics model (ADM). Together, PDM and ADM constitute a simulation combined model based on agents that allow the analysis of the effect of different aspects related to Telecenters and the users’s individual profile, according to the target audience behavior. This modeling approach intends to constitute an analysis tool that is able to help formulate digital inclusion public policies.This article describes the modeling of factors that affect the adoption and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Telecenters context. For such, some conceptual dimensions are used, such as a potential demand model (PDM), which aims at characterizing processes that determine the technological acceptance, and an acceptance dynamics model (ADM). Together, PDM and ADM constitute a simulation combined model based on agents that allow the analysis of the effect of different aspects related to Telecenters and the users’s individual profile, according to the target audience behavior. This modeling approach intends to constitute an analysis tool that is able to help formulate digital inclusion public policies