Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Sustitución de Importaciones en la Industria Biofarmacéutica Argentina: Una Estrategia con Blanco Móvil
Get PDFDesde una perspectiva de sustitución de importaciones basada en la industria infantil, la protección del mercado interno es necesaria como un primer paso para generar un proceso de aprendizaje tecnológico. Esta perspectiva es de relevancia frente a la emergencia de la biotecnología como paradigma tecnológico. Para ciertos países en desarrollo como la Argentina que han alcanzado tempranamente un umbral mínimo de conocimientos y ciertas capacidades manufactureras, esto abre una ventana de oportunidad. Este trabajo muestra a partir de datos de comercio la existencia de espacio para sustitución de importaciones dependiendo de la complejidad de las tecnologías y discute ciertos aspectos para impulsar deliberadamente este tipo de estrategias
Innovación y Emprendimiento en el Discurso Político Chileno
Get PDFEl objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el significado político que han adoptado las nociones de ‘innovación’ y ‘emprendimiento’ en las cuentas públicas presidenciales del 21 de mayo en Chile desde el año 1990 hasta 2016, con el fin de revelar tanto las construcciones discursivas asociadas a estos términos como la manera en que éstas se relacionan con las prácticas políticas a través del tiempo. Para lograrlo, se emplearon herramientas de la lingüística de corpus para realizar el análisis del discurso político. Los resultados arrojaron que tanto ‘innovación’ como ‘emprendimiento’ son conceptos que están asociados a aspectos económicos. Además, mientras el primero se comienza a usar de manera sistemática en los discursos del primer gobierno de Michelle Bachelet, el segundo es empleado principalmente en los discursos de Sebastián Piñera. En cuanto a los ámbitos temáticos, ‘innovación’ se entiende, en mayor medida, como un concepto esencial en el desarrollo productivo del país y ‘emprendimiento’ se entiende como un trabajo en sí
Foreign direct investment and technology spillovers in Mexico: 20 years of NAFTA
Get PDFThis article analyses the development of technology capabilities in the manufacturing sector of Mexico during the last two decades. It has been argued that the inclusion of Mexico in the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 would be enough to catch up with Canada and the United States. In this regard, trade liberalisation and foreign direct investment (FDI) would have been two strategic tools to close the technology gap between Mexico and its commercial partners in North America. Yet, after twenty years of NAFTA, it has been demonstrated that many indigenous firms in Mexico must develop an absorptive capacity to benefit from FDI. This paper suggests that the debate on the Asian miracle in the 1990s could be an adequate theoretical framework to discuss technology development and industrialisation in the case of emerging economies. In fact, this debate reveals two alternative approaches to explain the development of technology capabilities: (i) the accumulation view of growth, and (ii) the assimilation view of growth. Therefore, the Asian miracle exemplifies how entrepreneurship, learning and a supporting innovation policy could be an adequate strategy to benefit from FDI and technology spillovers in the case of emerging economies
Developing technology pushed breakthroughs: an empirical study
Get PDFDeveloping a technology push product that brings real novelty to the market is difficult, risky and costly. This case study analyzes success factors defined by the literature. True industrial cases, representing Finnish ICT firms in their early phase after a successful market entry, were researched for the success factor analysis. The whole set of the previously introduced success factors were variably supported, and three new factors arose. Because the technology pushed development processes are risky with high failure rates, the validated success factors are valuable knowledge for the developments intensive firm’s management
Teams in Small Technology-Based Firms: The Roles of Diversity and Conflict Management
Get PDFThis paper explores the effect of diversity and conflict management on the relationship between teamwork and organizational outcomes of small technology-based firms. To study the relationship between those variables, a quantitative research was conducted. The results of the survey involving 107 small Brazilian high-tech firms show that diversity and conflict management positively moderate the relationship between teamwork and organizational outcomes. So that, at higher levels of diversity and conflict management, best organizational outcomes. At the same time, it has been verified that conflict management is important regardless the level of diversity within teams. This research sheds new light on the factors that should be considered to become teamwork more effective in this specific context
Leveraging firm innovation performance through alliance portfolios in emerging economies: the role of absorptive capacity
Get PDFFirms are increasingly engaging in alliance portfolios/networks – AP/Nets - to leverage their innovation performance –IP - and thus boost their competitiveness. Most studies, with a few exceptions especially from emerging countries, found a positive relationship between AP/Net and IP, depending on portfolio characteristics and firm absorptive capacity – AC. This article undertakes an empirical investigation of the AP/Net – IP relationship and AC´s potentially moderating role in this relationship in an emerging country: Brazil. Statistical testing of hypotheses regarding these relationships, and AC´s role, corroborated the exceptions. However, it confirmed how important it is that firms in an emerging country ensure a high level of AC to mitigate the negative effects of AP/Net diversity on IP. Some managerial and policy implications were also formulated.
La Sub-Capitalización de Activos Intelectuales en América Latina
Get PDFPREFACIO: Hoy en día, los activos intangibles como la propiedad intelectual (PI) constituyen el epicentro del valor empresarial de las multinacionales. Desafortunadamente, América Latina se encuentra rezagada y necesita de una gran revolución en sus políticas de innovación orientada a desarrollar mercados de tecnologías. Si los líderes de empresas latinoamericanas desean innovar, deberán superar ciertos procesos cognitivos que limitan el uso de estrategias de PI. En este sentido, los gobiernos pueden hacer mucho para superar dichas barreras
Online Consumer Trust: Trends in Research
Get PDFThis paper presents the literature review of studies published in 2004-2014 (Web 2.0 period) in the area of consumer online trust. Based on the content analysis of 138 papers, this study highlights three major research themes: (1) trust models, (2) technological, and (3) social factors impacting online trust. It also explores topics in each major theme found in direct studies of online consumer trust. Since this literature review uses the concept-centric approach, it points out not only the major trends in research but also three understudied areas: (1) green trust, (2) trust recovery, and (3) the role of ethics in developing online trust
Innovación en gestión de recursos humanos: la relevancia de las redes inter-organizativas de intercambio de conocimiento
Get PDFEl presente artículo utiliza metodología de redes sociales para analizar empíricamente el posible impacto positivo de la participación en redes de intercambio de conocimiento para la implementación de innovaciones en gestión de GRH. Los resultados indican que aquellas empresas que participan activamente en el establecimiento de relaciones de intercambio de conocimiento de GRH con otras empresas, tanto a través de acuerdos formales-contractuales como mediante relaciones informales-colaborativas, tienen una propensión mayor a realizar innovaciones en esta área. Como resultado, las empresas más expuestas a nuevos conocimientos son en mayor medida más innovadoras en sus sistemas de gestión de GRH. Se concluye que el establecimiento de relaciones inter-organizativas tiene efectos positivos en la introducción de prácticas innovadoras de gestión de GRH
Technology Epiphany and an Integrated Product and Service
Get PDFThis study aims at exploring how an integrated product and service contributes to achieving Innovation of Meaning (IoM) or technology epiphany. Existing IoM studies have focused on intended meaning (as defined in new product development) and ignored the received meaning that users reconstruct. The process by which a user assigns meaning to things can not only be static but also dynamic. This study focuses on integrated products and contexts offered by services and analyses the case of Japan’s largest manufacturer of ankle-foot orthoses. The results show that the service guides the users to reconstruct the meaning in dynamic cognitive processes and use the metaphors that contribute to the consistency between products and services