Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Researcher management and cooperation: challenges in Brazilian research organizations from the perspective of microfoundations
Full text linkIn this work, we explore the dynamics of microfoundations dimensions (individuals, processes and structures) of research organizations (ROs) in order to diagnose the challenges faced by researcher management in Brazilian ROs and improve cooperative actions. To this end, analytical variables were defined from the theoretical fields of management (people and microfoundations) and research-industry cooperation, and applied in three exploratory-descriptive case studies. The results show that the effectiveness of research-industry cooperation depends on paradigm shift and long-term actions, such as the implementation of a collaborative organizational culture and the prioritization of innovative governance. Furthermore, the development of these capacities is hampered by the low maturity of career development processes, structural and financial-budgetary constraints. This research contributes to theoretical development, establishing constructs from the ROs specificities and proposing initial relationships among the analytical variables structured. For practice, we highlight the organizational diagnosis and actions for a better cooperative performance of ROs
El Apoyo a la Innovación y Obstáculos al Registro de Propiedad Intelectual: el caso del Ecuador
No full textUsing data from the 2015 Ecuadorian Innovation Survey and through the inverse probability weighting methodology, we analyze the impact of innovation support programs on the perception of companies on the obstacles that emerge when registering intellectual property. The results indicate that participating in programs reduces the perception of all obstacles, although only for those companies that use formal appropriation mechanisms to protect their innovations. Additionally, it is observed that programs reduce the perception of obstacles associated with the registration of patents, utility models and industrial designs more than those associated with the registration of trademarks. Based on these results, the suitability of support programs to facilitate the intellectual property registration process is discussed.Utilizando datos de la Encuesta Ecuatoriana de Innovación del 2015 y a través de la metodología de ponderación por probabilidad inversa, se analiza el impacto de los programas de apoyo a la innovación, en la percepción de las empresas sobre los obstáculos al registro de propiedad intelectual. Los resultados indican que participar en programas reduce la percepción de todos los obstáculos a la propiedad intelectual, pero solo de las empresas que utilizan métodos formales de apropiación para proteger sus innovaciones. Adicionalmente, se observa que los programas reducen más la percepción de los obstáculos asociados con el registro de patentes, modelos de utilidad y diseños industriales; que los asociados con el registro de marcas. En base a estos resultados se discute sobre la idoneidad de los programas de apoyo para facilitar el registro de propiedad intelectual
Bienes primarios, proceso de descomoditización y renta de innovación
Full text linkIn recent decades, as a result of change in consumption patterns and search for new spaces for the creation and appropriation of innovation rents, there has been a shift in the economic nature of primary goods: a tendency to decommodification. This work presents an analytical scheme aimed at understanding the internal dynamics of this process. Its fundamental dimensions are the critical asset, the attribute of differentiation and the appropriation of rent. This analytical basis allows, on the one hand, to develop a classification of the different ways of decommodification of primary goods and, on the other, to differentiate between (de) primarization and (de) commodification of production processes, a distinction that broadens the horizon of possibilities to think about the dynamics of structural change in the countries of our region.En las últimas décadas, como consecuencia del cambio en los patrones de consumo y de la búsqueda de nuevos espacios para la creación y apropiación de rentas de innovación, se viene produciendo un cambio en la naturaleza económica de los bienes primarios: una tendencia a las descomoditización. En este trabajo se presenta un esquema analítico orientado a la comprensión de la dinámica interna de ese proceso. Sus dimensiones fundamentales son el activo crítico, el atributo de diferenciación y la apropiación de la renta. Esta base analítica permite, por un lado, desarrollar una clasificación de las distintas vías de descomoditización de los bienes primarios y, por otro, diferenciar entre la (des) primarización y la (des) comoditización de los procesos productivos, distinción que amplía el horizonte de posibilidades para pensar la dinámica de cambio estructural de los países de nuestra región
"Consumer Innovativeness Scale": Adaptation and validation with undergraduate students
Full text linkThis research aimed to adapt and validate Goldsmith and Hofacker\u27s scale of Consumer Innovativeness. We employed a cross-cultural adaptation and assessing the instrument\u27s psychometric properties from the original scale, including content validity, face validity, semantic validity, and statistical analysis with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The sample consisted of 318 participants. We present a six-items validated scale for application with undergraduate students in several scenarios of innovativeness of consumption, adapted and validated theoretically and empirically. The results showed satisfactory evidence of the scale\u27s validity and reliability. The validation with undergraduate students can be considered a limitation of the study, while the broad scope of application of scale can foster posterior research on consumer innovativeness. The results presented are the first validated version of Goldsmith and Hofacker for undergraduate students in Portuguese as far as we are concerned.Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo adaptar y validar la escala de innovación del consumidor de Goldsmith y Hofacker. Empleamos una adaptación transcultural y evaluamos las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento a partir de la escala original, incluida la validez de contenido, la validez aparente, la validez semántica y el análisis estadístico con análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. La muestra estuvo formada por 318 participantes. Presentamos una escala validada de seis ítems para su aplicación con estudiantes de pregrado en varios escenarios de innovación de consumo, adaptada y validada teórica y empíricamente. Los resultados mostraron evidencia satisfactoria de la validez y confiabilidad de la escala. La validación con estudiantes de pregrado puede considerarse una limitación del estudio, mientras que el amplio ámbito de aplicación de la escala puede fomentar investigaciones posteriores sobre la innovación del consumidor. Los resultados presentados son la primera versión validada de Goldsmith y Hofacker para estudiantes de pregrado en portugués en lo que a nosotros respecta
Fintechs: a global bibliometric analysis and research trends
Full text linkThis article aims to present a bibliometric study of research involving the concept of fintechs from the past 30 years (1991-2020). For this study, the bibliographical data was extracted from Scopus. Among the main results that were found, three stand out. Firstly, this article describes a general panorama of research involving fintechs from the last 30 years in the subareas ‘Business, Management and Accounting’ and ‘Economics, Econometrics and Finance’. Secondly, we detected three generations of research related to this field of study. They are the discovery (1991-2006), the development (2007-2016), and the expansion (2017-2020). Also, we highlighted connections between the three generations, as well as the evolutionary process of the subjects that were addressed in these different generations. The third result was the identification of six themes that represent research trends for the future, which are: ‘banking & financial services’, ‘electronic services & ‘e-finance’, ‘consumer behaviour’, ‘mobile services’, ‘risk’ and ‘cryptocurrency’.Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un estudio bibliométrico de investigaciones que involucran el concepto de fintechs en los últimos 30 años (1991-2020). Para este estudio, los datos bibliográficos se extrajeron de Scopus. Entre los principales resultados que se encontraron, se destacan tres. En primer lugar, este artículo describe un panorama general de la investigación que involucra fintechs de los últimos 30 años en las subáreas \u27Negocios, Gestión y Contabilidad\u27 y \u27Economía, Econometría y Finanzas\u27. En segundo lugar, se detectaron tres generaciones de investigación dentro de este campo de estudio: descubrimiento, desarrollo y expansión. Finalmente, se destacaron las conexiones entre las tres generaciones, así como el proceso evolutivo de los temas que se abordaron en estas distintas generaciones
Tendencias de la Co-creación de valor y el desempeño organizacional
Full text linkTitle: Trends of value co-creation and organizational performance: a bibliometric analysis
Innovative companies are characterized by involving different actors to obtain new products and services or improve existing ones and thus affect their performance. The co-creation of value, as an antecedent of organizational performance, plays an important role within organizations, for which the objective of this study is to know the trends of the co-creation of value together with organizational performance. The lack of studies that combine them was evidenced through the bibliometric method. From 81 articles, the more relevant contents were analyzed, journals where they were published, contributing authors on the subject and the related keywords. Gaps in the literature related to intellectual capital, governance, and organizational ambidexterity were identified.Las empresas innovadoras se caracterizan por involucrar diferentes actores para obtener nuevos productos y servicios o mejorar los existentes y así repercutir en su desempeño. La co-creación de valor, como un antecedente del desempeño organizacional, juega un papel importante dentro de las organizaciones, por lo cual el objetivo del presente estudio es conocer las tendencias de la co-creación de valor junto al desempeño organizacional. Se evidenció a través del método bibliométrico la carencia de estudios que las combinen. A partir de 81 artículos, se analizaron las revistas donde fueron publicados, los autores contribuyentes en el tema y las palabras clave relacionadas. Se identificaron vacíos en la literatura relacionados con el capital intelectual, la gobernanza y la ambidestreza organizacional
The New Strategy to The Legitimation of Informal Firms. : The Effects of The Signals and Biases on Decisions About Crowdfunding Digital Transformation
Full text linkCompetition between formal and informal companies has been increasingly studied. However, there is a lack of studies in the collaboration between formal and informal companies generated using crowdfunding platforms. Based on the signaling theory and using the loans from 2019 of the Kiva crowdfunding platform. The drivers and enablers of the collaboration between formally registered firms (partners micro finances) and informal firms (unregistered firms - borrowers) in the context of the crowdfunding digital platform are studied. The results state a negative relationship between the lender\u27s propensity to make loans and the informal firm\u27s percentage borrowed. However, if the borrower receives a trustworthy partner (micro-finance), the borrower\u27s negative impact decreases. Moreover, the lender\u27s propensity to make loans lesser in projects of the tertiary sector. The study contributes to the entrepreneurship theory to understand the mechanism to legitimization the informal firm through collaboration with formal firms in the digital platforms
Responsible Data Governance in Projects: Applying a Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) Framework
Full text linkThere are large amounts of data that are collected, processed and exchanged in projects and they form the basis of innovation and fact-finding activities that are at the core of project activities. Nevertheless, such data can be irresponsibly used, managed and governed during its lifecycle, starting from creation all the way to its use. Given the importance of data and the risk of being misused, it is important to understand how responsibilities for data management can or should be designed in projects. This paper showcases how the concept of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) can be implemented in projects to mitigate irresponsible data management and use. The paper draws on the practices undertaken in two EU funded research projects to help practitioners find ways of dealing with data management related issues
Systematic Literature Review on Application of Blockchain Technology in E-Finance and Financial Services
Full text linkBlockchain is thought to be the most recent innovation in technology. Trust is especially important in areas like the banking sector. Blockchain technology is a decentralised, coded security system which permits the development of novel digital platforms and services using this developing technology. The current research focuses on the usage of blockchain technology in the financial and e-finance sectors. The study focuses of research questions such as the development of blockchain technology, the adoption & challenges in blockchain technology and the application of blockchain technology in the financial sector. This study conducted a systematic review of 76 scientific articles on blockchain technology, narrowing down the selection to 59 articles. As a result, the author created classification framework with three dimensions: blockchain development, challenges and applications in the financial sector. This study recognizes consequences for blockchain research and practice in the future. The study reveals that blockchain has various unexplored application in finance sector and also there is a scope of improvement in technology. Also, the technology is unregulated, thus, it is still in its nascent stage and a lot is to be done in the field
Generation of University Spin Off Companies: Challenges from Mexico
Full text linkSpin off companies refer to firms created by university laboratories, the generation of this type of companies has a pull effect through the diffusion, imitation and innovation of the company even at long-term for economic development. In order to generate this type of business, an articulated set of legislative, cultural and financing, instruments are required. In addition, various actors must be involved; aligned to achieve local development. The ability of universities to create spin off companies depends on their background and favorable regional conditions. This research aims to identify the main challenges during spawn university spin off companies in Mexico, thus, it is necessary explore the consequences and analyze key factors of entrepreneurial university scheme, at the end of this paper illustrates Mexico’s outlook and the conclusions. There are four major challenges that universities faces: first, the lack of clear and effective internal regulations and paperwork processes for intellectual property management and proper commercialization strategies for technological developments; second, is not hiring specialists for Technology Transfer Offices at Higher Education Institutes (HEI) and Public Research Centres (PRC) to generate capabilities; third, inherent complexities of business training and entrepreneurship education, to enhance management competences and business venture, and fourth, decision-maker authority at HEIs and PRCs must develops an enabling environment as governance mechanisms that support and prioritize such processes, so that could be translated into punctual actions with concrete results.Las empresas spin off se refiere a las empresas generadas surgidas de los laboratorios universitarios, la generación de este tipo de empresas tiene un efecto de arrastre a través de la difusión, imitación e innovación de la empresa y en el desarrollo económico a largo plazo. Para generar este tipo de empresas se requiere de un conjunto articulado de instrumentos legislativos, culturales y financiamiento, además intervienen diversos actores; los cuales se deben articular para lograr el desarrollo desde un entorno local. La capacidad de las universidades para crear empresas spin off depende de su trayectoria y de condiciones regionales favorables. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar los desafíos para la generación empresas spin off universitarias en México, para lo cual se exploran las implicaciones que trajo consigo la universidad emprendedora, ulteriormente se caracterizan los factores determinantes en su generación desde las universidades y la situación en México y finaliza con conclusiones. Entre los hallazgos encontrados que existen desafíos mayores dentro de las universidades en cuatro dimensiones: la primera, generación de las normativas y procesos internos claros y efectivos en la gestión de la propiedad intelectual y de la comercialización de los desarrollos; la segunda, consiste en contar con especialistas en las áreas de TT dentro de las IES y CPI para generar capacidades; tercera, en coadyuvar a la formación emprendedora y empresarial de la comunidad para que puedan generarse las competencias de gestión e implementación de las iniciativas de negocios, y cuarta, la gobernanza, el soporte y la prioridad de estos procesos dependen de las decisiones de alta dirección para que se traduzca en acciones concretas y con resultados