DEPIK Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan
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Struktur komunitas fitoplankton dan kaitannya dengan ketersediaan zat hara dan parameter kualitas air lainnya di perairan Timur Surabaya
Get PDFAbstract.The objetives of the present research were to determine relationship of phytoplankton abundance and community structure with environmental factors.The research was conducted in twelve stations along East Surabayas Coastal Waters. The samplings were represented early dry season (May-July 2013). Regression Correlation Analisis and Principle Component Analysis were involved to determine the relationship between community structure of phytoplankton and nutrient availability as well as other environmental parameters. The results showed that the concentration of Nitrate (NO3-N) was ranged from 1.80mg/L to 7.31 mg/L while Phosphate (PO4-P) was 0.20 4.75 mg/L. The phytoplankton abundance was varied between 3300 cell/L to 47000 cell/L. The highest phytoplankton abundance was found in the estuary and deacreased toward the sea areas. The dDiversity and evennes indices were low category, while dominance index was found to be relatively high, where Skeletonema sp. was predominant. Diversity index was not correlated significantly with nutrient availability, while there were a significant correlation between phytoplankton abundance and environment parameters namely salinity, DO and brighnessKeywords : phytoplankton abundance; oseanography factor; spatial analysis; coastal watersAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara kelimpahann dan struktur komunitas fitoplankton dengan faktor lingkungan di perairan pesisir. Penelitian dilakukan pada 12 stasiun berbeda di Perairan Timur Surabaya. Sampling plankton dan kualitas air mewakili awal musim kemarau (Mei Juli 2013). Analisis regresi korelasi dan analisis komponen utama dilakukan untuk melihat keterkaitan struktur komunitas dan ketersedian zat hara dan parameter lingkungan lainnya di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan zat hara yang relatif tinggi: Nitrat (NO3-N) antara 1,80 7,31 mg/L dan Fosfat (PO4-P) antara 0,20 4,75 mg/L. Distribusi fitoplankton bervariasi antara 3,3 4,7.103sel/L. Kelimpahan plankton paling tinggi didapat pada stasiun muara sungai dengan indikasi penurunan ke arah laut. Indeks keragaman jenis (H) dan indeks keseragaman jenis (E) relatif rendah; sebaliknya indeks dominasi tinggi (D0,5) dengan didominasi oleh Skeletonema sp.. Indeks diversitas menunjukkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna dengan zat hara. Namun, kelimpahan fitoplankton berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan parameter salinitas, DO dan kecerahan.Kata kunci :kelimpahan fitoplankton; faktor oseanografi; analisis spasial; perairan pesisi
Analisa ekonomi usaha pendederan kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) dan kerapu lumpur (Epinephelus coioides) dalam tambak di Kabupaten Bireuen Provinsi Aceh
Get PDFAbstract. This study presented an economic analysis of nursery operation for tiger and green grouper with different production scales. The result highlighted small scale nursery of tiger grouper with a 3 year projected both positive cumulative cash flows and NPV. Small scale of green grouper highlighted both positive cumulative cash flow and NPV, also IRR and B/C higher than the medium and large scale. Medium scale of tiger grouper generated both positive cumulative cash flow and NPV. In addition, medium scale of tiger grouper generated IRR and B/C higher than small and large scale. Medium scale of green grouper generated IRR and B/C higher than large scale. The results of the financial analysis indicated the income of large scale of tiger grouper higher than medium scale, but the ratio benefit of medium scale higher than large scale. Small scale of green grouper indicated ratio benefit higher than medium and large scale. The sensitivity analysis showed decreased survival rate to 60% affects a negative contribution to the NPV, IRR and B/C on a large scale of green grouper. On the other side, small scale of green grouper obtained higher profit ratio despite a decline in survival rate, an increase in seed costs and falling seed prices. This suggests that small scale of green grouper not affected to volatility of the main variable costs.Keywords: Nursery; tiger grouper; green grouper; production scaleAbstrak. Penelitian ini menyajikan analisa ekonomi pendederan kerapu macan dan lumpur dengan skala produksi yang berbeda. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya kerapu macan dalam skala kecil, dengan proyeksi 3 tahun menghasilkan arus kas kumulatif dan NPV positif. Sedangkan pendederan kerapu lumpur skala kecil menunjukkan arus kas kumulatif dan NPV positif, IRR dan B/C yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pendederan skala menengah dan besar. Pendederan kerapu macan skala menengah menghasilkan aliran kas dan NPV positif. Selain itu, pendederan kerapu macan skala menengah menghasilkan IRR dan B/C yang lebih tinggi dari kecil dan besar. Sedangkan pada pendederan kerapu lumpur skala menengah menghasilkan IRR dan B/C lebih tinggi dari skala besar. Hasil analisis keuangan menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan pendederan kerapu macan pada skala besar lebih tinggi daripada skala menengah, tetapi rasio keuntungan skala menengah lebih tinggi dibandingkan skala besar, sedangkan pada pendederan kerapu lumpur menunjukkan bahwa rasio keuntungan skala kecil lebih lebih tinggi dibandingkan skala menengah dan besar. Analisis sensitivitas menunjukkan bahwa penurunan sintasan kehidupan sampai 60% memberikan kontribusi negatif pada NPV, IRR dan B/C pada pendederan kerapu lumpur skala besar. Sebaliknya pendederan kerapu lumpur skala kecil memperoleh rasio keuntungan yang lebih tinggi meskipun terjadi penurunan sintasan kehidupan, peningkatan biaya benih dan penurunan harga. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pendederan kerapu lumpur skala kecil tidak berpengaruh dengan volatilitas biaya variable utama.Kata kunci: Pendederan; kerapu macan; kerapu lumpur; skala produks
Struktur komunitas makrozoobentos di Perairan Pesisir Tangerang, Banten
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine distribution and abundance macrozoobenthos at Tangerang coastal waters, Banten. Study was carried out from April to August 2013 at Tangerang coastal waters, Banten with purposive sampling method and similarity Bray Curtis analysis using minitab.v15.1.2-Equinox softwere. A total of 5458 individuals macrozoobenthos were recorded during the study, its were belonging to 74 species The abundances of macrozoobenthos at Tanjung Pasir location was 634 ind/m2 dominated by Tellina palatum and Tellina timorensis, Kronjo location was 595 ind/m2 dominated by Codakia puncata and lower macrozoobenthos Cituis location was 177 ind/m2 dominated by Clitellio arenarius and Codakia puncata. The spatial distributin based on similarity Bray-Curtis analysis showed that the Kronjo, Cituis, and Tanjung Pasir locations generate four, three, and five groups, respectively. Nuculana bicuspidata dan Ophryotrocha puerilis was a cosmopolite macrozoobenthos were found at all locations. Generaly, the macrozoobenthos distribution at Tangerang coastal waters were strongly depended on the types of sedimen and dissolved oxygen concentratio
Status pencemaran dan kandungan logam berat pada simping (Placuna placenta) di Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang
Get PDFAbstract. The objective of study was to analyze the status of water pollution and heavy metal content on water, sediment and scallop in Tangerang Coastal Waters. The Storet index method was used to determine the status of pollution. Sampling was conducted for three times at two months interval. The content of heavy metals in water, sediment and scallop analyzed descriptively based on the applicable regulations. The results showed that the status of Tangerang Coastal Water was classified as moderate and hight polluted. The content of Pb in scallop from Cituis Coastal has been exceeded the quality standards established by BPOMand WHO, so it is not sutible to consump.Keywords: pollution status; heavy metals; P.placenta; Tangerang Coastal Waters.Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status pencemaran perairan di Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang dan kandungan logam berat pada air, sedimen dan simping di Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui status pencemaran yaitu dengan metode indeks Storet. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan selama tiga kali dengan interval waktu dua bulan. Kandungan logam berat di air, sedimen dan simping dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan peraturan yang berlaku. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status perairan Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang tergolong tercemar sedang hingga berat. Kandungan logam berat Pb pada simping di Perairan Cituis telah melampaui baku mutu yang ditetapkan baik menurut BPOM tahun 2009 maupun WHO, sehingga tidak baik untuk dikonsumsi.Kata kunci: Status pencemaran; Logam berat;P.placenta;Pesisir Kabupaten Tangeran
Keragaman genetik ikan tuna sirip kuning (Thunnus albacares) dari dua populasi di Laut Maluku, Indonesia
Get PDFAbstract. Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores) is a large, pelagic, and migratory species of tuna that inhabits Moluccas Sea in Indonesia, and most sea environment worldwide. However, high fishing activities tend to happen in the Indonesia region and catch product appear to be decreasing. A better understanding of yellowfin tuna genetic diversity is required to plan better conservation strategy of tuna. The study was conducted to infer the genetic diversity of yellowfin tuna (T. albacores) in the Moluccas Sea. A total of 41 tissue samples of yellowfin tuna were collected from two regions in the Moluccas Sea (North Moluccas and Ambon) during an expedition in February 2013. The results showed that genetic diversity and nucleotide diversity of yellowfin tuna from North Moluccas population was 0.984 and 0.021, respectively; while in Ambon population, the genetic and nucleotide diversities were 1.00 and 0.018, respectively. The high genetic diversity (0.990) and nucleotide diversity (0.020) between two populations were observed. Based on phylogenetic analysis, no genetic differentiation between the two populations in Moluccas Sea was revealed .Keywords : Population genetics; Haplotype diversity; Coral Triangle; Phylogenetics; Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCRs)Abstrak. Tuna sirip kuning (Thunnus albacores) adalah ikan komersial penting dan ditemukan di Laut Maluku, Indonesia. Tetapi, aktivitas penangkapan ikan tuna sirip kuning dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas stok ikan, sehingga perlu adanya pengkajian keragaman genetik ikan tuna sirip kuning. Pemahaman yang baik tentang keragaman genetika dibutuhkan untuk merencanakan strategi konservasi tuna yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik ikan tuna sirip kuning dari dua populasi di Laut Maluku. Sebanyak 41 sampel jaringan dari tuna sirip kuning dikumpulkan dari dua populasi di Laut Maluku (Maluku Utara dan Ambon) selama ekspedisi pada bulan Februari 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaman genetik populasi tuna sirip kuning pada perairan Maluku Utara dan Ambon masing-masing sebesar 0,984 dan 1,00 sedangkan nilai keragaman nukleotida masing-masing bernilai 0,021 dan 0,018. Nilai keragaman genetik dan keragaman nukloetida yang tinggi didaptkan antar kedua populasi masing-masing sebesar 0,990 dan 0,020. Berdasarkan analisis filogenetik, dua populasi di Laut Maluku ini memiliki kedekatan secara genetik.Kata kunci : Genetika populasi; Keragaman haplotipe; Segitiga Terumbu Karang; Filogenetika;Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR
Komposisi kimia kupang merah (Musculista senhausia) segar dan rebus
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to determine the yield, chemical compositions, amino acids, minerals, and heavy metal residues (Pb, Hg) of fresh and boiled mussel. Amino acid was analyzed usingHPLC, minerals and heavy metals were examined using AAS and phosphorus by spectrophotometer, fatty acids by GC, and cholesterol by Liebermann-Buchard. The results showed that the chemical composition of water content, ash, protein and lipid of mussels meat were decreased about 6.09%, 2.25%, 1.39%, 0.42%, respectively after boiled while carbohydrate was increased 4.07% and the amino acids were decreased after boiling. The Ca, Mg, K, P, Na, Cu were declined after boiled, while Co, Fe, Mn and Zn were incraseed. In addition, the Pb was decreased after boiled while Hg and Se were not detected in both fresh and boiled mussel meat. SAFA fatty acids was 38.71% (fresh) and 37.31% (boiled), MUFA 8.13% (fresh) and 8.02% (boiled), PUFA 10.31% (fresh) and 8.77% (boiled), and the cholesterol contents were 102.57 mg/100 g of fresh and 100.97mg/100 g for boiled mussel meat
Komposisi mineral mikro dan logam berat pada ikan bandeng dari tambak Tanjung Pasir Kabupaten Tangerang
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine the micro minerals composition i.e. iron, zinc, copper, and iodine) and heavy metals i.e. lead, cadmium, and mercury) on three groups of weight of milkfish (Chanos chanos). Micro minerals and heavy metals were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrofotometric (AAS). The results showed that the highest levels of micro minerals were found at weight 150 g (6.950.16 mg of zinc/kg of dry basis, copper 0.550.01 mg/kg of dry basis , and iron 12.140.06 mg/kg of dry basis. The highest iodine content contain was found at weight 102 g is 76.330.01 mg/100g of dry basis. The concentrations obtained in lead was 0.1430.0057 mg/kg, cadmium was 0.04330.011 mg/kg, and mercury was 0.1430.0057 mg/kg of dry basis,. The heavy metals level from Tanjung Pasir Tangerang District are safe to be comsumed since it is still below the limit for food savety
Potensi limbah kulit buah Nyirih Xylocarpus granatum sebagai inhibitor tirosinase
Get PDFThe aim of the present study was to analyse the peel waste of Xylocarpus granatum fruits as potential source of tyrosinase inhibitors. Dried peel samples were ground to yield a powder (simplicia). Subsequently, they were extracted with organic solvents of distinct polarity levels, namely n-hexane (non-polar), chloroform (semi-polar) and methanol (polar) by use of the single-maceration method. Inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity (monophenolase) and DOPA auto-oxidation (diphenolase) were determined in bioassays. Assays with the methanol extract revealed IC50 values of 784.87 g mL-1 (monophenolase) and of 1176.66 g mL- 1 (diphenolase), respectively. In contrast, n-hexane and chloroform extracts showed no activity. These results indicate that the methanolic fruit peel extract contained tyrosinase-inhibiting compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins and saponins, whereas the nhexane and chloroform extracts yielded alkaloids, steroids and triterpenoids without tyrosinase-inhibiting activity. The phenolic compounds had a strong effect on the tyrosinase enzymes, inhibiting monophenolases by 97% and diphenolases by 96%, with a positive correlation between the total phenolic content and the inhibition rate in both activities.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kulit buah Xylocarpus granatum sebagai sumber potensial inhibitor tirosinase. Sampel kering digiling untuk menghasilkan (serbuk) simplisia. Berikutnya, simplisia diekstraksi dengan pelarut organik dengan tingkat kepolaran yaitu n-heksana (non polar), kloroform (semi polar) dan metanol (polar) dengan menggunakan metode maserasi tunggal. Pengaruh inhibisi didalam aktivitas tirosinase (monofenolase) dan auto-oksidasi DOPA (difenolase) ditentukan di dalam uji. Uji ekstrak metanol menunjukkan masing-masing nilai IC50: 784,87 g mL-1 (monofenolase) dan nilai IC50: 1176,66 g mL- 1 (difenolase). Sebaliknya, ekstrak n-heksana dan kloroform menunjukkan tidak ada aktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol kulit buah X. granatum mengandung senyawa-senyawa yang menghambat aktivitas tirosinase seperti flavonoid, tanin dan saponin sedangkan ekstrak n-heksana dan kloroform menghasilkan senyawa alkaloid, steroid, dan triterpenoid tanpa penghambatan aktivitas tirosinase. Senyawa fenolik mempunyai pengaruh kuat dalam menginhibisi enzim tirosinase baik aktivitas monofenolase sebesar 97% dan aktivitas difenolase sebesar 96% dengan korelasi positif antara kandungan total fenol dan tingkat inhibisi pada kedua aktivita
Konsentrasi merkuri dan hubungannya dengan indeks kepadatan keong popaco (Telescopium telescopium) di Kao Teluk, Halmahera Utara
Get PDFAbstract. The objective of thepresent study was to evaluate the mercury concentration at Kao Bay, North Halmahera and its relationship to density index of snail T. telescopium. Samplings were conducted at three locations in estuarine Balaitin, Cibok, and Kobok Rivers The samples were processed and analyzed for Standard procedure of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(AAS). The results showed that the mercury concentration in the water were ranged between 0.000239 to 0.000560 ppm, and mercury concentrations in sediment were ranged from 0.003 to 0.08 ppm and 0.06 to 0.15 ppm in the snail mussel. In general the concentration of mercury in the waters, sediment and snail mussel are stil below of quality standardsbythe U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agencyandquality standard ofthe World Health Organization/Food andAgriculture Organization(WHO/FAO). There is a strong relationship between mercury concentration and density of snail, where the concentration of mercury was lower when the density index of snail higherKeywords: Mercury concentration; Marine water; sediment and density index of mud wakls (T. telescopium).Abstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi merkuri pada air laut, sedimen dan keong popaco (T. telescopium), serta hubungannya dengan indeks kepadatan. Sampling dilakukan pada tiga stasiun yaitu di muara Sungai Balaotin, Cibok dan Kobok. Analisis konsentrasi merkuri menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi merkuri pada air laut pada ketiga stasiun di Perairan Kao Teluk berkisar antara 0,000239-0,000560 ppm. Konsentrasi merkuri pada sedimen berkisar antara 0,003-0,08 ppm. Konsentrasi merkuri pada keong berkisar antara 0,06-0,15 ppm. Berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004 tentang baku mutu air laut, dan US Environmental Protection Agencytentang baku mutu sedimen, serta World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/FAO) tentang keamanan pangan maka kandungan merkuri pada air, sedimen dan keong popaco masih berada dibawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang erat antara konsentrasi merkuri pada air dan sedimen dengan indek kepadatan keong popaco, dimana pada kepadatan tinggi maka kandungan merkuri cenderung rendah. Kata kunci : Konsentrasi merkuri; Air laut; Sedimen; Indeks kepadata
Dinamika batimetri alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon, Provinsi Jawa Barat
Get PDFAbstract. The Port of Cirebon is one of the largest port in West Java Province. The main problem in the Port of Cirebon is shallowing of the shipping channel due to sedimentation. The objective of this research was to assess the dynamics of the the bathymetry of shipping channel in Cirebon Port. The data used in this research are bathymetric survey data and ocean current data in the year 2006 and 2007 that was measured by PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia II. Bathymetric map was created using Surfer program version 8.0. Research results showed that the shipping channel depth of Cirebon Port varies in the range of 0.36 m to 6.97 m in 2006 and 0.79 m to 6.87 m in 2007. During the period of the year 2006 to the year 2007 sedimentation was occurred that marked by the increase of the volume of the sediment surface reached 6,818 m3. The ocean current around the Port of Cirebon is dominated by the tidal current with the direction to the northwest and to the southwest parallel to the shoreline which transported sediment into the shipping channel of Cirebon Port. Keywords: Port of Cirebon; Bathymetry; Sedimentation; Ocean current. Abstrak. Pelabuhan Cirebon merupakan salah satu pelabuhan paling besar di Jawa Barat. Permasalahan utama dari Pelabuhan Cirebon yaitu terjadinya pendangkalan alur kapal sebagai akibat dari adanya sedimentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika batimetri perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari data pengukuran batimetri dan arus laut yang dilakukan oleh PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia II di daerah perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon pada tahun 2006 dan tahun 2007. Pembuatan peta batimetri menggunakan program Surfer versi 8. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedalaman alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon sangat bervariasi dengan kisaran sebesar 0,36 m sampai 6,97 m pada tahun 2006 dan 0,79 m sampai 6,87 m tahun 2007. Selama periode tahun 2006 sampai tahun 2007 terjadi sedimentasi di alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon dengan penambahan volume sedimen permukaan sebesar 6.818 m3. Arus laut disekitar perairan Pelabuhan Cirebon didominasi oleh arus pasang surut dengan arah yang bergerak ke arah Barat Laut dan Tenggara yang membentuk arah yang sejajar dengan garis pantai yang dapat memuat sedimen masuk ke dalam alur pelayaran Pelabuhan Cirebon.Kata kunci: Pelabuhan Cirebon; Batimetri; Sedimentasi; Arus laut