Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences RepositoryNot a member yet
7809 research outputs found
Sort by
Determination and seasonal analysis of physicochemical characterization and metal(oid)s of landfill leachate in Bushehr port along the Persian Gulf
No full textThis study focused on the investigation of physicochemical characterization and metal(oid)s in landfill leachate of Bushehr port along the Persian Gulf. TDS, BOD5, COD, Hg, and Cd concentrations in fresh leachate were above leachate discharge standards. Significant differences were detected among alkalinity, EC, COD, and Na+ levels in various seasons. Furthermore, the high leachate pollution index (LPI) value showed a significant amount of pollutants present in landfill leachate. The results of this study help in understanding the pollution potential of landfill leachate of Bushehr port along the Persian Gulf. Thus, decision-makers should manage landfill leachate to reduce further environmental pollution
A Post-Marketing Surveillance Study to Evaluate the Safety Profile of AlvotereⓇ (Docetaxel) in Iranian Patients Diagnosed with Different Types of Cancers Receiving Chemotherapy
Full text linkBackground
Docetaxel is a clinically well established antimitotic chemotherapy medication. Labeled docetaxel indications are breast cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck cancer, non–small cell lung cancer, and prostate cancer.
Objective
This is a Phase IV study to evaluate the safety profile of docetaxel (Alvotere; NanoAlvand, Iran) in Iranian patients diagnosed with different types of cancers receiving chemotherapy regimens with docetaxel.
Methods
Patients who received Alvotere as a part of their chemotherapy regimen were enrolled in this Phase IV, observational, multicenter, open-label study. Alvotere was administrated as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy agents. Safety parameters in each cycle were assessed, and the related data were recorded in booklets.
Findings
A total of 411 patients with different types of cancers were enrolled from 25 centers in Iran. The most common malignancies among participants were breast cancer (49.88%), followed by gastric cancer (22.63%). Participants’ mean age was 53.33 years, and the mean total dose used in each cycle was 132 mg. According to the results, 341 patients experienced at least 1 adverse event, that the most common was alopecia (41.12%). In total, 92 (22.38%) patients had at least 1 adverse event of grade 3 or 4, and 25 (6.08%) patients showed 54 serious adverse events, which the causality assessment for all was possibly related to Alvotere. There was a significant difference between men and women in the incidence of skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (55.63% in women vs 41.73% in men; P = 0.009). Also, the incidence of gastrointestinal disorders, nervous system disorders, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, hepatic enzymes increase, and fluid retention was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in patients receiving anthracyclines in their chemotherapy regimens.
Conclusions
The findings of this open-label, observational, multicenter, postmarketing surveillance showed that Alvotere appears to have an acceptable safety profile in Iranian cancer patients receiving chemotherapeutic regimens. (Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2022; 82:XXX–XXX) © 2022 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc
Effect of resistance training and garlic extract on insulin sensitivity/resistance and biochemical parameters in diabetic rats
No full textDiabetes is one of the most important endocrine diseases in the world and obesity is one of the risk factors for this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a resistance exercise and garlic extract on insulin sensitivity/resistance and signal pathway of white adipose tissue to brown factors in diabetic rats. A total of 48 male Wistar rats weighing 180 to 250 g were divided into six groups (n=8): healthy control (C), diabetic control (D), diabetic with garlic extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) (D+50), diabetic with garlic extract dose of 200 mg/kg bw (D+200), diabetic resistance training (D+Ex), and diabetic resistance training with garlic extract dose of 200 mg/kg bw (D+Ex+200). Plasma irisin levels in the D+200 and D+Ex groups, as well as the D+Ex+200 group showed a significant increase compared to the D group (P<0.001), while in the D+50 group no significant change was observed. Compared with group D, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1α gene was significantly increased in groups D+200 and D+Ex, as well as group D+Ex+200 (P<0.001). It can be said that resistance exercise with garlic extract is effective in controlling diabetes and reducing its complications. It also increases the expression of PGC-1α and uncoupling protein 1 genes in white adipose tissue and therefore has a positive effect on beta cell function by irisin
Degradation of plastics associated with the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an unprecedented form of plastic pollution: personal protective equipment (PPE). Numerous studies have reported the occurrence of PPE in the marine environment. However, their degradation in the environment and consequences are poorly understood. Studies have reported that face masks, the most abundant type of PPE, are significant sources of microplastics due to their fibrous microstructure. The fibrous material (mostly consisting of polypropylene) exhibits physical changes in the environment, leading to its fracture and detachment of microfibers. Most studies have evaluated PPE degradation under controlled laboratory conditions. However, in situ degradation experiments, including the colonization of PPE, are largely lacking. Although ecotoxicological studies are largely lacking, the first attempts to understand the impact of MPs released from face masks showed various types of impacts, such as fertility and reproduction deficiencies in both aquatic and terrestrial organisms
Comparison of the Efficacy of Dexamethasone and Methylprednisolone in Infiltration Injection for Postendodontic Pain in Patients with Necrotic Pulp: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Full text linkPurpose. Postendodontic pain is one of the problems of root canal therapy. +is clinical study aimed to evaluate the effect of
infiltration injection of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone on postendodontic pain in patients with necrotic pulp. Methods.
A total of 80 volunteers with necrotic pulp teeth were included and assigned to two groups (n � 40). After the administration of
local anesthesia and before root canal therapy, in group 1, an infiltration injection of 1 ml of dexamethasone was done and in
group 2, an infiltration injection of 1 ml of methylprednisolone was done in the buccal vestibule of each tooth. Patients’ pain was
reported using a visual analogue scale at pretreatment and 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. Results. +ere was no significant
difference between the two groups receiving dexamethasone and methylprednisolone at pretreatment and 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours
after endodontic treatment. Conclusions. Infiltration injection of dexamethasone and methylprednisolone had a significant effect
in reducing pain after the endodontic treatment in necrotic pulp teeth, but between 6 and 12 hours, methylprednisolone had
significantly more effect on pain relief than dexamethasone. Overall, the use of any of these drugs to reduce postendodontic pain
is recommended
The effect of Flipped Classroom through Near Peer Education (FC through NPE) on patient safety knowledge retention in nursing and midwifery students: a solomon four-group design
Full text linkIntroduction: Selecting an appropriate teaching methodology is one of the key stages in education. This study is an
attempt to delve into the effect of FC through NPE on patient safety knowledge retention in nursing and midwifery
students.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial, using the Solomon design, was conducted in 2019 on 82 nursing and
midwifery students enrolled from Bushehr nursing and midwifery school. The Subjects were then allocated to four
groups via block randomization. The Subjects in both intervention groups studied the educational content online for
2 weeks and subsequently attended the FC through NPE. Both control groups merely received education based on
conventional method. The post-test was once administered to the four study groups immediately after completing
the program and once again 2 months after it.
Results: The posttest mean scores of knowledge retention in both intervention groups remained the same (P = 0.1),
while they were higher in the control groups (P < 0.05). The changes in the mean scores of the post-test in the inter-
vention and follow-up groups did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference between the four study groups
(P = 0.130, F = 1.941).
Conclusion: The use of the FC through NPE increased the knowledge mean scores; however, it failed to affect knowl-
edge retention. Given the infancy of this pedagogical approach, further studies are needed to investigate its effects
on various learning outcomes.
Keywords: Flipped Classroom, Near-Peer Education, Patient Safety, Nursing, Midwifery, Students, Knowledg
Human Papillomavirus and Risk of Head and Neck SquamousCell Carcinoma in Iran
Full text linkHuman papillomavirus (HPV) causes a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Knowledge of determinants of α-, β-, and γ-HPVs types in the oral cavity is required for a better understanding of HNSCC development. Oral rinse samples of 498 HNSCC cases and 242 controls from the IROPICAN study—a large multicenter case-control study in Iran—were screened for 21 α-HPV, 46 β-HPVs, and 52 γ-HPVs using bead-based HPV genotyping assays. α-HPVs were detected only in 1.2% of the patients and 2.9% of the controls from which HPV16 was the most prevalent type among participants. β-HPVs were detected in 43.8% of the patients and 38.6% of the controls where the lip and oral cavity (45.5%) had the highest positivity. Values for γ-HPV prevalence in patients and controls were 26.1% and 24.7%, respectively. The highest percentage of γ-HPV positivity was found in the larynx (30.4%). Concerning the β genus, HPV23 and HPV38 were the most prevalent types among the patients and controls, respectively. For the γ genus, SD2 in cases and HPV134 in controls were the most prevalent types. Overall, detection of α-HPVs (aOR, 0.40; 95% CI = 0.1 to 1.2; P = 0.11), β-HPVs (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI = 0.9 to 1.6; P = 0.29), and γ-HPVs infections (aOR, 1.04; 95% CI = 0.7 to 1.5; P = 0.83) was not associated with the HNSCC development. Our data did not suggest an HPV-related etiology for HNSCC pathogenesis. Nonetheless, this study provides novel insights into the diversity of β-, and γ-HPVs in different HNSCC anatomical subsites
Serum MicroRNAs: -28-3p, -31-5p, -378a-3p, and -382-5p as novel potential biomarkers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
No full textAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children and accounts for 20% of acute leukemia in adults. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as important molecules in hematologic malignancies. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-28-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-378a-3p, miR-382-5p in patients with ALL.
Materials and methods
In this study, 21 patients with ALL (before and after treatment) and 21 healthy people were evaluated. After directly synthesizing cDNA from serum, miR-28-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-378a-3p, miR-382-5p expression were measured using the qRT-PCR method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20, Genex 6.1, and GraphPad Prism8 software.
Results
The expression levels of miR-378a-3p and miR-31-5p in patients with newly diagnosed ALL were significantly higher than in healthy individuals (P = 0.001, P = 0.004), and decreased significantly after treatment. (P = 0.04, P = 0.03). The expression of miR-28-3p and miR-382-5p in patients with newly diagnosed ALL were significantly lower than healthy individuals (P = 0.09, P = 0.01) and were increased significantly after treatment (P = 0.001, P = 0.006).
Conclusion
Our results indicated that miR-28-3p, miR-31-5p, miR-378a-3p, miR-382-5p may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease; and also could be considered as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in ALL in future studies
Simultaneous retrograde venous and anterograde arterial bullet embolism: a case report
Full text linkBackground
Bullet embolus is a rare condition following gunshot injuries and represents a clinical challenge regarding both diagnosis and management.
Case presentation
We report the case of a 35-year-old Iranian (Middle-Eastern) male patient with a shotgun injury to both buttocks, which traveled to the heart and the popliteal area through the femoral vein and superficial femoral artery, respectively. Surgical intervention was applied for the popliteal pellet, and the patient was discharged without further complications.
Conclusion
Although bullet emboli can be a clinical challenge, with the advent of modern procedures, removal has become safer. X-ray, computed tomography, and transthoracic and/or transesophageal echocardiography may be used as adjuncts to help establish the diagnosis
FDG-PET/CT of COVID-19 and Other Lung Infections
Full text linkWhile not conventionally used as the first-line modality, [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) - positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can identify infection and inflammation both earlier and with higher sensitivity than anatomic imaging modalities [including chest X-ray (CXR), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]. The extent of inflammation and, conversely, recovery within the lungs, can be roughly quantified on FDG-PET/CT using maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) values. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the value of FDG-PET/CT in diagnosis, elucidation of acute pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, and long-term follow up. Similarly, many other pulmonary infections such as previously documented coronaviruses, aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, mucormycosis, and typical/atypical mycobacterial infections have all been identified and characterized using FDG-PET/CT imaging. The goal of this review is to summarize the actual and potential benefits of FDG-PET/CT in the imaging of COVID-19 and other lung infections. Further research is necessary to determine the best indications and clinical applications of FDG-PET/CT, improve its specificity, and ultimately ascertain how this modality can best be utilized in the diagnostic work up of infectious pathologies