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Fish and shrimp waste management at household and market in Bushehr, Iran
Get PDFAbstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the estimation and management of fish and shrimp wastes in Bushehr province. Two-part questionnaire including the demographic information, and fish and shrimp waste disposal method were completed for 91 stores and 636 households. The quantity of generated wastes was estimated based on the 3 different Scenarios. In addition, the waste generation factor were calculated for common fish and shrimp species. Results showed the waste generation factor for fish and shrimp equal to 32.67 and 42%, respectively. The total quantity of fish- and shrimp-generated wastes in Bushehr province was estimated to be 29,388 tons per year, of which the quantity of generated waste by stores and by households was 3731 tons per year (16 ton per capita per year) and 8804 tons per year (34 kg per capita per year), respectively. The remaining quantity is related to other unaccounted sectors such as fish industries. Moreover, the biogas production potential from an anaerobic digestion were estimated 2,675,400 m3 per year, which is equivalent to 16,052 MWh. In addition, the biodiesel production potential was obtained equivalent to 19 kt, which is about 4.2% of the total diesel fuel requirement of the province in 2016. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.
Enhancement of the chromium removal behavior of Moringa oleifera activated carbon by chitosan and iron oxide nanoparticles from water
No full textThe effect of chitosan and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles on the chromium adsorption property of Moringa oleifera activated carbon (AC) was explored. Various techniques were applied to reveal the properties of adsorbers to absorb chromium ions. A majority of the pollutant was removed at pH2 and 50 min. The kinetic behavior of the chromium uptake process was governed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (PSOKM). Based on the thermodynamic investigation, the chromium adsorption using all adsorbers was exothermic and spontaneous. The maximum single-layer adsorption capacity of AC, CS/AC, AC/Fe3O4, and CS/AC/Fe3O4 adsorbers was 56.78 mg/g, 114.80 mg/g, 121.70 mg/g, and 130.80 mg/g, respectively. The isotherm constants quantity highlighted that the Cr-adsorption process is optimal and physical. The acquired findings revealed that the modification of AC by chitosan and Fe3O4 nanoparticles increased the Cr adsorption. Adsorbers re-used up to 5 stages with a yield >90 %, which indicates that the composites are a promising option for Cr removal
Isoenzyme characterization of trichomonas vaginalis isolated from hiv patients in fars and kerman, Southeast Iran
Get PDFBackground: Trichomonas vaginalis is an anaerobic flagellated protozoan which is responsible for human urogenital infections. Several zymodemes of T. vaginalis have been reported from various parts of the worlds on the basis of isoenzyme patterns. This study was conducted to characterize the isolated organisms of T. vaginalis from HIV patients using isoenzyme electrophoresis in Fars and Kerman provinces, southeast Iran. Methods: Eighteenmass cultivated isolates of T. vaginalis in themodified TYI-S-33medium were analyzed using isoenzyme electrophoresis. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of five different enzyme systems were used to characterize T. vaginalis isolates: (i) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), (ii) Glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), (iii) Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), (iv) Malic enzyme (ME), and (v) Phosphoglucomutase (PGM). Results: MDH, GPI, PGM, and ME enzyme systems showed a homogeneity and detected an identical enzyme pattern in all isolates. Meanwhile, G6PD revealed two different enzyme patterns. The isoenzyme electrophoretic profiles divided 18 T. vaginalis isolates into two zymodemes. Zymodeme 1 contained Shiraz isolates and zymodeme 2 contained Kerman isolates. Conclusion: The polymorphism of Iranian human isolates of T. vaginalis could be assessed by biochemical study using appropriate enzyme systems. Isoenzyme analysis is a promising method for the characterizationof T. vaginalis. New molecular studies with increased number of enzyme loci and genetic markers are suggested to classify more zymodemes of Trichomonas in Iran
Comparison of anthro-metabolic indicators for predicting the risk of metabolic syndrome in the elderly population: Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program
Get PDFBackground
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster metabolic disorder that includes central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, and is highly associated with an increased risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to compare the reliability of anthro-metabolic indices [visceral adiposity index (VAI), body roundness index (BRI), and a body shape index (BSI), body adiposity index (BAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), waist to hip ratio, and waist to height ratio] in predicting MetS in Iranian older people.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted based on the data of 2426 adults aged ≥60 years that participated in the second stage of the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program, a population-based prospective cohort study being conducted in Bushehr, Iran. MetS was defined based on the revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess predictive performance of anthro-metabolic indices and determine optimal cutoff values. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the associations between MetS and indices.
Results
2426 subjects (48.1% men) with mean ± SD age of 69.34 ± 6.40 years were included in the study. According to ATP III criteria, 34.8% of men and 65.2% of women had MetS (P < 0.001). Of the seven examined indices, the AUCs of VAI and LAP in both genders were higher than AUCs of other anthro-metabolic indices. Also, in general population, VAI and LAP had the greatest predictive power for MetS with AUC 0.87(0.86–0.89) and 0.87(0.85–0.88), respectively. The lowest AUC in total population belonged to BSI with the area under the curve of 0.60(0.58–0.62). After adjusting for potential confounders (e.g. age, sex, education, physical activity, current smoking) in the logistic regression model, the highest OR in the total population was observed for VAI and LAP, which was 16.63 (13.31–20.79) and 12.56 (10.23–15.43) respectively. The lowest OR for MetS was 1.93(1.61–2.30) for BSI.
Conclusion
This study indicated that both VAI and LAP are the most valuable indices among the anthro-metabolic indices to identify MetS among the elderly in both genders. So, they could be used as proper assessment tools for MetS in clinical practice. However, the cost-benefit of these indices compared to the ATP III criteria need further studies
COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East countries: coronavirus-seeking behavior versus coronavirus-related publications
Get PDFThe spread of COVID-19 has created a fundamental need for coordinated mechanisms responding to outbreaks in different sectors. One of the main sectors relates to information supply and demand in the middle of this pandemic in the digital environment. It could be called an infodemiology. It is known as a promising approach to solving the challenge in the present age. At this level, the purpose of this article is to investigate the COVID-19 related search process by field research. Data were retrieved from Google Trends in Middle Eastern countries alongside scientific research output of Middle Eastern scientists towards COVID-19 in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Daily COVID-19 cases and deaths were retrieved from the World Health Organization. We searched for descriptive statistical analyses to detect coronavirus-seeking behavior versus coronavirus releases in the Middle East in 2020. Findings show that people in the Middle East use various keyword solutions to search for COVID-19 in Google. There is a significant correlation between coronavirus confirmed cases and scientific productivity (January 2020–December 2020). Also, there is a positive association between the number of deaths and the number of scientific publications (except Jordan). It was a positive and significant association between online coronavirus-seeking behavior on Google (RSVs) and the confirmed cases (except Syria and Yemen). Furthermore, it was a positive relationship between RSVs and scientific productivity in the Middle East (except Bahrain and Qatar). From an infodemiological viewpoint, there is a significant correlation between coronavirus information demand and its information provision
Feasibility and Therapeutic Potential of 177Lu-Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor-46 for Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Cancers: A Preliminary Study
No full textINTRODUCTION: Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a member of the serine protease family and has a high expression in the stroma of approximately 90% of epithelial malignancies. The present investigation aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and dosimetry data of 177Lu-FAPI-46 in diverse malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced cancers with nonoperable tumors, or tumors refractory to conventional therapies, were enrolled. Treatment included escalating doses of 177Lu-FAPI-46 (1.85-4.44 GBq) per cycle using a combination of clinical and statistical expertise design, and intervals of 4 to 6 weeks were considered between the cycles. Biodistribution and dosimetry were examined by whole-body scans. We applied the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 to measure peptide-targeted radionuclide therapy (PTRT)-associated toxicity. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients (11 females and 10 males) with a median age of 50 years (range, 6-79 years) were investigated. Of 21 participants, 18 cases were selected for PTRT. Overall, 36 PTRT cycles were performed. The median number of PTRT cycles and the median injected amount of activity in each cycle were 2 and 3.7 GBq, respectively. The dosimetric analysis revealed median absorbed doses of 0.026, 0.136, 0.886, and 0.02 with ranges of 0.023-0.034, 0.001-0.2, 0.076-1.39, and 0.002-0.2 mGy/MBq for the whole body, liver, kidneys, and spleen, respectively. The therapy was well tolerated in almost all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this preliminary investigation might indicate the potential feasibility and safety of PTRT using 177Lu-FAPI-46 for different aggressive tumors. Moreover, the current study could be beneficial in determining the suitable amount of activity for a phase 2 study
New 4,5-diphenylimidazole-acetamide-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors: synthesis, in vitro and in silico enzymatic and toxicity evaluations
No full textHerein, a new series of 4,5-diphenylimidazole-acetamide-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors was designed and synthesized. All the synthesized compounds exhibited excellent inhibition potencies (IC50 values = 55.6–149.2 μM) against α-glucosidase when compared with the standard inhibitor acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 μM). Among the newly synthesized compounds, 4-methyl, 4-methoxy, and 2,3-dichloro derivatives exhibited the highest anti-α-glucosidase activities and were also non-cytotoxic against human normal dermal fibroblast cells. In silico druglikeness, ADME, and toxicity studies of these compounds were performed and obtained results were compared with acarbose. All the synthesized compounds were also inactive against α-amylase in comparison to acarbose. Kinetic study of the most potent compound, 4-methyl derivative, against α-glucosidase demonstrated that this compound is a competitive inhibitor. Furthermore, in silicoinduced fit docking and molecular dynamic studies were performed to further investigate the interaction, orientation, and conformation of these compounds over the active site of α-glycosidase. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.
Perceived discrimination and subjective well-being among Middle Eastern migrants in Australia: The moderating role of perceived social support
No full textBackground: Middle Eastern (ME) migrants are vulnerable to developing mental health problems due to pre-migration and post-migration traumas and stresses. The evidence on the subjective well-being of ME migrants and its contributing factors is limited and inconclusive. Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the moderating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being, after controlling for socio-demographic factors. Method(s): This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Queensland, Australia. A total of 382 first-generation young adult ME migrants, aged between 20 to 39 years, completed a self-administered questionnaire. To analyse data, a series of three hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) analyses were conducted, one for each of the subjective well-being components (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction with life). The interaction between perceived social support and perceived discrimination for the prediction of subjective well-being components was further explored using simple slope analysis. Results: Gender was found to be a significant predictor of positive and negative affect. Education was found to predict satisfaction with life, but not positive and negative affect. Married migrants were found to have significantly higher life satisfaction, positive affect and lower negative affect. Perceived social support had a moderating role in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being. Conclusion: Considering the buffering role of perceived social support against the adverse effects of perceived discrimination on subjective well-being, organizations and individuals working with ME migrants should acknowledge the significance of social support and improve their capacity to deliver effective and appropriate social support services to migrants experiencing discrimination
Preparation of clinoptilolite/starch/CoFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite powder and its elimination properties for cationic dyes from water and wastewater
No full textA new magnetic nanocomposite clinoptilolite (CLT)/Starch/CoFe2O4 was synthesized using co-precipitation method. The prepared magnetic composite powder was utilized for decontamination of methylene blue dye (MBD), methyl violet dye (MVD), and crystal violet dye (CVD) from water media. The BET analysis showed that CLT modification using starch and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles improved its specific surface and the amount of specific surface area for CLT, CoFe2O4, and CLT/Starch/CoFe2O4 powder was reported to be 18.82 m2.g−1, 151.4 m2.g-1, and 104.75 m2.g−1, respectively. Experimental results showed that pH 9 had a vital role in the adsorption process of all three types. Langmuir and Redlich-Petersen isotherm models were well fitted with experimental data. Also, the maximum adsorption capacity of CVD, MBD, and MVD to the desired composite was determined as 32.84 mg.g−1, 31.81 mg.g−1, and 31.15 mg.g−1, respectively. In addition, the kinetic data of the removal process followed a pseudo-first order (PFO) kinetic model. Negative thermodynamic parameters were indicated that the process is spontaneous and exothermic. Finally, ad(de)sorption experiments' results showed that the synthesized nanocomposite adsorbent has an excellent ability to adsorb cationic dyes after several consecutive cycle
Bone characteristics and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in an Iranian Elderly population: Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP)
No full textIntroduction
Obesity and osteoporosis are health problems with high impact on the morbidity and mortality rate. While the association between BMI and bone density is known, the combined effects of obesity and metabolic components on bone health have not yet been revealed. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between bone health and different phenotypes of obesity in an elderly population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on the data collected in the Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP). The participants were classified in four groups based on the metabolic phenotypes of obesity (metabolic healthy obese (MHO), metabolic non-healthy non-obese (MNHNO), metabolic non-healthy obese (MNHO), and metabolic healthy non-obese (MHNO)). The association between osteoporosis and TBS and the metabolic phenotypes of obesity were assessed using multiple variable logistic regression models.
Results
Totally, 2378 people (1227 women) were considered for analyses. The prevalence of MHNO, MHO, MNHNO, and MNHO were 902 (39.9%), 138 (6.1%), 758 (33.5%), and 464 (20.5%), respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression models, those with MHO (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.12–0.36), MNHNO (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.4–0.66), and MNHO phenotypes (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.16–0.3) had a significantly lower risk of osteoporosis. Likewise, those having MHO (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.51–3.76), MNHNO (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.11–2), and MNHO (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.82–3.42) phenotypes were found to had higher risk of low bone quality as confirmed by TBS.
Conclusions
The obese subjects have lower bone quality, regardless of their obesity phenotype