Al-Mizan (e-Journal)
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Konstitusionalitas Penundaan Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia
Full text linkGeneral elections as a means of popular sovereignty have been explicitly described in legislation. This paper examines the postponement of general elections by the President through Presidential Regulation in Lieu of Law. The writing is done by using descriptive normative legal research method that uses some primary materials and secondary data supported by tertiary legal materials and analysed qualitatively. In addition, the research method used is a comparative approach to several countries that regulate and have postponed elections in their countries. Based on the results of this research, it is known that if the postponement of general elections is carried out at this time by the State of Indonesia, then it is irrelevant and contrary to constitutional democracy. This is because constitutional democracy emphasises the sovereignty of the people based on the constitution. In addition, the norms in the current Indonesian constitution do not provide an opportunity to postpone elections. If there is still a postponement of general elections without changing the constitution, it is clearly contrary to constitutional democracy
PENGARUH PEMAHAMAN FATWA MUI TERHADAP MINAT BELI MASYARAKAT MUSLIM PADA PRODUK ISRAEL DAN YANG TERAFILIASI
No full textThe conflict between Palestine and Israel has caused mixed responses in society. This war which claimed tens of thousands of lives gave rise to various humanitarian actions, one of which was the response of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) which issued a fatwa regarding the legal status of support for the Palestinian struggle, namely a fatwa discussed the clause regarding the prohibition on consuming Israeli and affiliated products. This research aims to identify how much influence the understanding of MUI Fatwa No. 83 of 2023, regarding the Muslim community\u27s buying interest in Israeli and affiliated products. This quantitative research uses a data collection technique in the form of a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to the Muslim community in Semarang, and the data analysis technique used is simple regression using the W-Stats version 2.0 program to process the data. This research uses 1 independent variable, namely Understanding MUI Fatwa No. 83 in 2023, and 1 dependent variable, namely buying interest. Data was obtained from questionnaires distributed to 50 subjects from the Semarang Muslim community who were selected using a probability sampling technique using a simple random sampling method and measured using a Likert scale. The research results show the influence of understanding MUI Fatwa No. 83 Yr. 2023 is a significant year for the lack of public interest in purchasing Israeli and affiliated products. Where the regression coefficient value is 2.011% (0.02) which is smaller than 5% (0.05). The public\u27s understanding of fatwas that influence purchasing interest in Israeli products and affiliated ones is a behavior or attitude in line with Ibn al-Qayyim\u27s concept of saddu al-dzari\u27ah. In this context, avoiding the purchase or consumption of such products serves as a means of preventing potential harm (mafsadat) and danger (mudharat).Konflik yang terjadi antara Palestina dan Israel menimbulkan respon yang beraneka ragam di tengah masyarakat. Peperangan yang menelan puluhan ribu korban jiwa ini memunculkan beragam aksi kemanusiaan, salah satunya respon Majelis Ulama Indosesia (MUI) yang mengeluarkan fatwa tentang status hukum dukungan terhadap perjuangan Palestina, yaitu fatwa yang di dalamnya membahas klausul tentang larangan untuk mengkonsumsi produk-produk Israel dan yang terafiliasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi seberapa besar pengaruh pemahaman Fatwa MUI No. 83 tahun 2023, terhadap minat beli masyarakat muslim pada produk Israel dan yang terafiliasi. Penelitan kuantitatif ini menggunakan tehnik pengumpulan data berupa kuesioner yang disebarkan melalui Google Form kepada masyarakat muslim di Semarang, dan tehnik analisis data yang dipakai adalah regresi sederhana dengan menggunakan program W-Stats versi 2.0 untuk mengolah data. Penelitian ini menggunakan 1 variabel independen yaitu Pemahaman Fatwa MUI No. 83 tahun 2023 dan 1 variabel dependen yaitu minat beli. Data yang didapatkan dari kuisioner yang disebarkan kepada 50 subjek masyarakat muslim Semarang yang terpilih melalui teknik probability sampling dengan metode simple random sampling dan diukur menggunakan skala likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengaruh pemahaman terhadap Fatwa MUI No. 83 Th. 2023 adalah signifikan terhadap kurangnya minat beli masyarakat terhadap produk Israel dan yang terafiliasi. Dimana nilai koefisien regresi adalah 2,011 % (0,02) lebih kecil dari pada 5 % (0,05)
Eksistensi Kantor Pertanahan Kota Palopo dalam Mengatasi Konflik Kepemilikan Tanah
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the forms of land ownership conflicts in Palopo City. This research was conducted using qualitative method with the type of field research. Data collection in the form of primary data and secondary data through observation, interview and documentation techniques and literature studies through 4 stages, namely reduction (data is filtered/selected), connection (data is connected), interpretation (data is translated/explained) and conclusions (data is concluded). The results showed that: (1) land conflicts occurring in Palopo City are categorised into 4 categories, namely: land boundary conflicts, land ownership conflicts, inherited land conflicts, and conflicts between the government and the community/legal entity; (2) factors causing ownership conflicts, namely unclear land boundaries, incomplete land ownership documents, landowners do not manage their own land, land is not physically controlled, land is abandoned, undivided inherited land, dishonesty of heirs, multiple and overlapping certificate claims, and infrastructure development; (3) The Palopo City Land Office is an institution that has an important role in managing and regulating land aspects in its area by making efforts to minimise the occurrence of land conflicts
PROBLEMATIKA PELAKSANAAN EKSEKUSI PERKARA PERDATA DI PENGADILAN AGAMA (STUDI KASUS PENGADILAN AGAMA TANA LUWU)
No full textThis study aims to analyze the implementation of the execution of civil cases in the Religious Courts in Tana Luwu and the problems of its implementation, then provide solutions to the implementation of the execution of civil cases in the Religious Courts in Tana Luwu. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The results showed that: (1) Religious Courts in Tana Luwu have carried out executions based on incoming requests, but the number of requests for execution is very small, namely requests for execution of joint property cases as many as 7 cases and inheritance cases as many as 2 cases; (2) The inhibiting factors in the implementation of executions in Religious Courts in Tana Luwu, including Legal or regulatory problems, high case costs, lack of quantity and quality of human resources of the Religious Courts, and lack of public legal awareness; (3) Solutions offered in dealing with obstacles to the implementation of execution, namely: It is necessary to make a regulation of execution in the form of a guidebook to be used as a guideline in the implementation of execution, suspend the cost of execution, improve the quality of human resources of the judicial apparatus in the form of education and training.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan eksekusi perkara perdata di Pengadilan Agama Tana Luwu, Problematika pelaksanaan eksekusi perdata di Pengadilan Agama se Tana Luwu, dan memberikan solusi terhadap pelaksanaan eksekusi perkara perdata di Pengadilan Agama se Tana Luwu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualittaif. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa: (1) Pengadilan Agama se Tana Luwu telah melaksanakan eksekusi berdasarkan permohonan yang masuk, namun jumlah permohonan eksekusi sangat sedikit, yaitu permohonan eksekusi perkara harta bersama sebanyak 7 perkara dan perkara kewarisan sebanyak 2 perkara; (2) Faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi di Pengadilan Agama se Tana Luwu, diantaranya adalah: Problem hukum atau regulasi, biaya perkara yang tinggi, minimnya kuantitas dan kualitas SDM Pengadilan Agama, serta kurangnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat; (3) Solusi yang ditawarkan dalam menghadapi hambatan pelaksanaan eksekusi, yaitu: perlu dibuat regulasi eksekusi dalam bentuk buku panduan untuk dijadikan pedoman dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi, melakukan penangguhan biaya eksekusi, meningkatkan kualitas SDM aparatur peradilan dalam bentuk diklat.
Kata Kunci: Problematika, Eksekusi Perkara Perdat
Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Memutuskan Perkara Perceraian Bagi Aparatur Sipil Negara Tanpa Surat Izin Atasan Perspektif Teori Maslahah: Studi Kasus Pengadilan Agama Parepare
No full textGovernment Regulation Number 45 of 1990 concerning Marriage and Divorce Permits for Civil Servants in article 3 stipulated that all civil servants intending to divorce had to have prior permission from their superiors or a letter of recommendation from a relevant official. This administrative requirement was mandatory, allowing the judge to consider and decide on divorce cases involving civil servants. This research employed field research with an empirical juridical approach, which was conducted directly to understand the real issues and was then linked to applicable laws, the legal certainty theory, and the maslahah theory (maintaining the objectives of shari\u27a and achieving benefits/avoiding harms). The research findings concluded that: 1) the divorce requirements in the maslahah theory aimed to reduce the divorce rate among civil servants. Superiors or authorized officials had the right to guide employees to try to preserve their marriages; 2) the Parepare Religious Court granted six months to obtain permission from superiors. If, by the specified deadline, the individual did not have this permission and still wished to divorce, they were required to submit a statement willing to bear the consequences of divorce without the superior\u27s permission. The related consequences were outlined in Government Regulation Number 94 of 2021 on Civil Servant Discipline; 3) there was a connection between the judge\u27s consideration and the maslahah theory. In addition to considering the applicable laws, the judge also took into account aspects of maslahah when making decisions. The maslahah obtained from a formal divorce in the Religious Court included legal certainty and justice in the judge\u27s divorce decree.Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 45 Tahun 1990 Pasal 3 tentang izin perkawinan dan perceraian pegawai negeri sipil, mejelaskan bahwa seluruh pegawai negeri sipil yang akan bercerai wajib memiliki surat izin atasan atau surat keterangan lebih dahulu dari pejabat. Pesyaratan administrasi ini menjadi kewajiban sehingga Hakim dapat mempertimbangkan dan memutuskan perkara perceraian aparatur sipil negara tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan yuridis empiris, penelitian yang dilakukan secara langsung untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang sebenarnya terjadi, kemudian akan dihubungkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku serta teori kepastian hukum dan teori maslahah. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa; 1) Persyaratan perceraian dalam teori maslahah berupaya untuk menekan tingkat terjadinya perceraian pada lingkungan aparatur sipil negara. Atasan atau pejabat yang berwenang berhak memberikan bimbingan agar pegawai tersebut berusaha mempertahankan rumah tangganya. 2) Pengadilan Agama Parepare memberikan waktu selama enam bulan untuk mendapatkan surat izin atasan, ketika sampai batas waktu yang ditentukan belum memiliki surat izin tersebut, dan pemohon/termohon tetap ingin bercerai maka ia dibebankan membuat surat pernyataan siap menanggung resiko sebagai akibat dari perceraian yang tidak memiliki surat izin atasan. Resiko yang terlampir pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 94 Tahun 2021 tentang disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil. 3) Pertimbangan Hakim dengan teori maslahah terdapat keterkaitan, sebab Hakim dalam memutuskan perkara selain memperhatikan undang-undang yang berlaku, Hakim juga mempertimbangkan aspek kemaslahatan. Kemaslahatan yang didapatkan dari perceraian yang dilakukan secara resmi di Pengadilan Agama, berupa: adanya kepastian hukum dan keadilan dari putusan perceraian yang ditetapkan Hakim.
Kata Kunci: Aparatur Sipil Negara; Perceraian; Teori Maslahah
Dialektika Living Qur’an dalam Manajemen Pengelolaan Zakat Pada Baznas (Bazis) DKI Jakarta
Full text linkThis article aims to analyze the dialectics of living Qur\u27an in the management of zakat at the National Amil Zakat Agency (Baznas) or Zakat Infaq dan Shadaqah Agency (Bazis) Special Capital Region (DKI) Jakarta. This research is field research with a living Qur’an approach and is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results show that the dialectic of living Qur\u27an produces a comprehensive solution by presenting a re-reading of zakat management that is adjusted to contemporary zakat management. The dialectic of living qur\u27an in zakat management at Baznas (Bazis) DKI Jakarta is carried out in various forms and models consisting of comprehensive management including poverty reduction, evaluation and relevance and transformation of zakat management which includes comprehensive-contemporary management, digitalization of zakat, diversification of programs and living qur\u27an-based zakat management solutions
Pandangan Masyarakat Kota Ambon Terhadap Penikahan Beda Agama Dalam Tinjauan Soisologi Hukum
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the views of the Ambon city community towards interfaith marriage.This research uses empirical normative methods, both legislative and legal sociology approaches. The types of primary data sources obtained come from observations, and interviews as well as secondary data in the form of literature studies. Furthermore, data was collected and analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner, the results of this study showed that, the public\u27s perception and understanding of interfaith marriage all agreed that interfaith marriage is forbidden (haram) and automatically invalid, interfaith marriage is also one of the deviations that violate religious law and positive law in Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tentang pandangan Masyarakat kota Ambon Terhadap pernikahan beda agama dalam tinjauan sosiologi hukum, penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif empirik, baik itu pendekatan secara perundang-undangan maupun sosiologi hukum. Jenis sumber data primer yang diperoleh berasal dari, observasi, dan wawancara serta data sekunder berupa studi kepustakaan. Selanjutnya data dikumpul dan dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, Persepsi dan pemahaman masyarakat terhadap pernikahan beda agama semuanya sepakat menikah beda agama hukumnya haram dan otomatis tidak sah pernikahannya, pernikahan beda agama juga merupakan salah satu penyimpangangan yang melanggar hukum Agama Maupun Hukum Postif di Indonesia
Masa Tunggu Suami terhadap ‘Iddah Istri Perspektif Al-Żarῑʻah
Full text linkThis study discusses the Circular Letter of the Director General of Public Guidance of the Ministry of Religion Number P.005/DJ.III/Hk.00.7/10/2021 in which there is a policy on the waiting period of the former husband for the ‘iddah of the ex-wife from the perspective of al-żarῑʻah, so that the basis and purpose of the issuance of the circular letter can be known. This research is a juridical normative legal research with an analytical approach that refers to applicable regulations. Data validity checks using data triangulation methods, observation persistence, and peer checking which are then processed by classification, verification, and analysis to produce conclusions. The results of the study show that ‘iddah is a waiting time that applies to a wife whose marriage is broken up, including for ex-husbands. In general, the content of the policy in this Circular Letter is under the method of preventing badness (sadd al-żarῑʻah). The policy regulates that ex-husbands can only marry other women when the ‘iddah period of their ex-wives has been completed or the ’iddah has ended because this encourages ex-husbands to rethink or as an effort of reconciliation so that the hope is that ex-husbands can reconcile with their ex-wives as recommended by Allah Almighty. If the husband marries another woman, it leads to badness (mafsadat), namely divorce, which is an act that is most hated by Allah Almighty
TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP KERJASAMA INTERNASIONAL DALAM PEMBAYARAN LINTAS NEGARA BERBASIS KODE QUICK RESPONSE
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the law relating to the use of digitalization in cross-border payment transaction activities using a Quick Response (QR) code. The research method used is a normative juridical research method that takes and processes primary data sources in the form of Bank Indonesia regulations related to the implementation of the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS). The result of this research is that payment transactions using QR codes have been given a legal umbrella and even encourage the public (users) and sellers (merchants) to use them based on Board of Governors Member Regulation Number 21/18/PADG/2019 concerning the Implementation of the Quick Response Code National Standard. The use of QRIS in Indonesia is performed by scanning, which can be performed in two ways: with Merchant Presented Mode (MPM) and Customer Presented Mode (CPM). The enactment of provisions on the implementation of QRIS that can be used in payment transactions outside the territory of Indonesia is also closely related to PBI No.23/7/PBI/2021, concerning Payment System Infrastructure Operators. International cooperation for cross-border payments based on QR codes implemented by Bank Indonesia is the interconnection of payment transactions at merchants between Indonesia (QRIS) and Thailand (Thai QR Codes), and international cooperation between Indonesia (QRIS) and Malaysia (DuitNow QR Code). The institution in charge of processing payment transaction data domestically for the interconnection and interoperability of international cooperation is a switching institution.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hukum yang berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan digitalisasi dalam suatu aktifitas transaksi pembayaran lintas negara dengan menggunakan kode QR (Quick Response). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan mengambil dan mengolah sumber data sekunder berupa peraturan-peraturan Bank Indonesia yang berkaitan dengan implementasi QRIS di Indonesia. Adapun yang menjadi hasil penelitian adalah bahwa transaksi pembayaran dengan menggunakan kode QR eksistensinya telah diberikan payung hukum bahkan mendorong masyarakat (user) dan penjual (merchant) untuk menggunakannya berdasarkan PADG No.21/18/PADG/2019 tentang Implementasi Standar Nasional Quick Response Code yang dalam praktiknya dikenal dengan QRIS. Penggunaan QRIS di Indonesia dilakukan dengan pemindaian yang dapat dilakukan menggunakan dua cara yaitu dengan MPM dan CPM. Berlakunya ketentuan tentang implementasi QRIS yang dapat digunakan dalam transaksi pembayaran di luar wilayah Indonesia juga erat kaitannya dengan PBI No.23/7/PBI/2021 tentang Penyelenggara Infrastruktur Sistem Pembayaran. Kerjasama internasional terhadap pembayaran lintas negara berbasis kode QR yang telah dilaksanakan oleh Bank Indonesia, saat ini yang telah terealisasi adalah interkoneksi transaksi pembayaran di merchant antara Indonesia (QRIS) dan Thailand (Thai QR Codes) serta kerjasama internasional Indonesia (QRIS) dan Malaysia (DuitNow QR Code). Adapun lembaga yang bertugas untuk memproses data transaksi pembayaran secara domestik untuk interkoneksi dan interoperabilitas kerjasama internasional adalah lembaga switching.
Kerjasama Internasional, QR Code, Transaksi Digita
Problematika Pertimbangan Majelis Hakim Pada Putusan No. 723/Pdt.G/2021/PA.Gtlo tentang Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah
Full text linkThis research aims to analyse the decision of the Gorontalo Religious Court Judge in filing a lawsuit regarding sharia economic disputes. The results showed that between the plaintiff and the various parties involved, all of them committed acts of default. Then, in terms of the consideration of the panel of judges, it shows that the panel of judges missed several things that should have been examined before entering the verdict reading session. The considerations presented by the panel of judges, according to the researchers, neglected one of the principles of muamalah (sharia-compliant human social interactions) in the settlement of sharia economic disputes, namely the concept of tawazun (balance). The result of this consideration is to reject the entire plaintiff\u27s claim on the pretext of formal defects (lack of parties). As an institution that provides financing (Bank), of course, it should not neglect the Grant Deed and Deed of Encumbrance before issuing funds to be given to creditors, because the two files become the legal basis for submitting auctions if the creditor commits an act of default. Conversely, as a creditor, it is also negligent in receiving funds provided by the Bank.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pertimbangan Majelis Hakim pada Putusan No.723/Pdt.g/2021/PA.Gtlo tentang upaya penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa antara Penggugat, Tergugat serta berbagai pihak yang terlibat, kesemuanya telah melakukan tindakan wanprestasi dan perbuatan melawan hukum. Majelis Hakim melewatkan beberapa hal yang seharusnya diperiksa sebelum masuk dalam sidang pembacaan Putusan. Pertimbangan yang disampaikan Majelis Hakim melalaikan prinsip keadilan yang seharusnya dijunjung tinggi dalam penyelesaian perkara pada lembaga peradilan. Sebagai lembaga yang memberikan pembiayaan (Bank) tentu seharusnya tidak melalaikan Akta Hibah dan Akta Pembebanan Hak Tanggungan (APHT) sebelum mengeluarkan dana untuk diberikan kepada nasabah, karena kedua berkas tersebut menjadi landasan hukum untuk pengajuan lelang jika nasabah melakukan tindakan wanprestasi. Sebaliknya sebagai nasabah, juga lalai dalam penerimaan dana yang diberikan oleh Bank. Amar putusan yang berangkat dari beberapa pertimbangan Majelis Hakim adalah menolak seluruh gugatan Penggugat tidak dapat diterima dengan alasan Penggugat kekurangan pihak (plurium litis consortium), sehingga gugatan membatalkan lelang juga dihiraukan karena alasan tersebut